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‘There is no standard’: investigation finds AI algorithms objectify women’s bodies

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Guardian exclusive: AI tools rate photos of women as more sexually suggestive than those of men, especially if nipples, pregnant bellies or exercise is involved

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Study with Quizlet and memorise flashcards containing terms like a curriculum, an exam, a mark (UK), a grade (US) and others.

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COP27: What have global leaders done on climate change in 2022?

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With COP27 about to get under way, which nations have taken a lead and which have fallen behind since the last UN climate summit?

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AI robot Ai-Da is about to make history giving evidence to a House of Lords inquiry

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Ai-Da Robot has made headlines painting everyone from the Queen to Billie Eilish and Paul McCartney. Now, she is set to answer questions at the House of Lords during an inquiry into tech and creativity. It’s a “real moment in history”, as creator Aidan Meller tells Sky News.

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he ruling in a coroner's court in north London on Friday will be felt around the world. The senior coroner, Andrew Walker, concluded that 14-year-old Molly Russell "died from an act of self-harm while suffering from depression and the negative effects of online content".

The content, he determined, had contributed to her death in a more than minimal way. This is an immensely significant verdict.

First and foremost, it is significant for Molly's family. Thanks to the incredible courage, bravery and determination of Molly's father, Ian, and her family, they finally have answers to what caused the death of the daughter and sister they adored. Answers that they had to fight for against the inscrutable indifference of tech companies.

But it has a wider significance.

Molly's experience - which involved two companies pushing, recommending and promoting material - reduced many in the court to tears. And it forced the admission of one expert witness that he had been unable to sleep well for weeks after reviewing the material. It's the kind of experience that thousands of children have endured and are currently enduring. Both of our organisations, the NSPCC and 5Rights, work with young people who have to rebuild their lives after harm and abuse. These young people are the collateral damage of a "move fast and break things" culture in the tech industry, where tragedy is met with a wilful corporate blindness.

This must be a turning point for Silicon Valley. The transparency of the court process has shone a light on how the commercial and design decisions of tech platforms result in real-world harm. The world is watching.

The government now has the chance to fulfil what has become a somewhat jaded promise: to make Britain the "safest place in the world" to be on the internet, by bringing forward the online safety bill, ensuring that the changes needed to protect children are enshrined in law.

For families like Molly's, and the countless anonymous, voiceless families who have carried the cost of industry's negligence, the online safety bill must deliver regulation that embeds children's safety at the heart of every social media site. It needs to be a robust piece of legislation that sets out children's rights and needs in enforceable codes of practice, which ensure child safety is not optional but simply a price of doing business - just like any other sector.

It is time to ensure that child safety is at the top of the corporate inbox, ahead of profit or indeed any other consideration. Basic product safety is the aim. We, along with others in our sector, have worked for many years to codify and explain what is necessary. What we need is for the government to make a law that is a fit testimony to the extraordinary efforts of the Russell family.

Children want, need and must be online. It is how they learn, access entertainment and socialise. But if it is not optional then it must be a world they can engage with in the knowledge that their safety has been considered. That's why the online safety bill is needed now. It's been five years since Molly's death. It's also been five years that we have been waiting for new online safety laws. During that time countless young people will have struggled to deal with toxicity and been exposed to harm thanks to the design choices of tech firms. It is time now to take what we know and make it better for future generations - in Molly's name.

In the UK and Ireland, Samaritans can be contacted on 116 123, or email jo@samaritans.org or jo@samaritans.ie. In the US, the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is 1-800-273-8255. In Australia, the crisis support service Lifeline is 13 11 14. Other international helplines can be found at befrienders.org.

Sir Peter Wanless is the chief executive of the NSPCC. Lady Beeban Kidron is the founder and chair of 5 Rights

Do you have an opinion on the issues raised in this article? If you would like to submit a letter of up to 300 words to be considered for publication, email it to us at guardian.letters@theguardian.com

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The Molly Russell inquest verdict damns Silicon Valley. There can be no more excuses | Peter Wanless and Beeban Kidron

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he ruling in a coroner's court in north London on Friday will be felt around the world. The senior coroner, Andrew Walker, concluded that 14-year-old Molly Russell "died from an act of self-harm while suffering from depression and the negative effects of online content".

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Despite the violent past and toxic present, Britain and Ireland cannot escape the ties that bind | Fintan O’Toole

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The fiftieth anniversary of Bloody Sunday reminds us that history and geography mean that now, as then, the fates of the two countries are entwined

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New Zealand has announced it will outlaw smoking for the next generation, so that those who are aged 14 and under today will never be legally able to buy tobacco.

New legislation means the legal smoking age will increase every year, to create a smoke-free generation of New Zealanders, associate health minister Dr Ayesha Verrall said on Thursday.

"This is a historic day for the health of our people," she said.

The government announced the rising age alongside other measures to make smoking unaffordable and inaccessible, to try to reach its goal of making the country entirely smoke-free within the next four years. Other measures include reducing the legal amount of nicotine in tobacco products to very low levels, cutting down the shops where cigarettes could legally be sold, and increasing funding to addiction services. The new laws will not restrict vape sales.

"We want to make sure young people never start smoking so we will make it an offence to sell or supply smoked tobacco products to new cohorts of youth. People aged 14 when the law comes into effect will never be able to legally purchase tobacco," Verrall said.

New Zealand's daily smoking rates have been dropping over time - down to 11.6% in 2018, from 18% a decade earlier. But smoking rates for Māori and Pacifika were far higher - 29% for Māori and 18% for Pasifika. "If nothing changes, it would be decades till Māori smoking rates fall below 5%," Verrall said. She said eradicating smoking in the next four years was within reach: "I believe it is. In fact, we're on track for the New Zealand European population [to become smoke-free]. The issue is, though, if we don't change what we're doing, we won't make it for Māori - and that's [what] the plan is really focused on."

The policies were welcomed by public health experts on Thursday. "New Zealand once again leads the world - this time with a cutting-edge smoke-free 2025 implementation plan - it's truly a game changer," said Dr Natalie Walker, director of the Centre for Addiction Research at University of Auckland.

The reduction of nicotine in cigarettes was a world first, said Chris Bullen, a public health professor. From a health perspective, "all my wishes have come true", he said.

Smoking has already been widely replaced by vaping among teenage New Zealanders, and is also attracting many young people who would never have taken up smoking - according to surveying of 19,000 high school students this year, nearly 20% were vaping daily or several times a day, the majority with high nicotine doses. That's compared to 3% of those aged 15-17 who smoked daily in 2018, or 13% who smoked a decade earlier.

The plan has come under criticism from some parties - the Act party has argued that reducing the nicotine in products will hit lower-income people hardest, who will have to buy more cigarettes and smoke more to access the same dose. Verrall said the very low levels required by the laws had been researched and proven to help people quit.

Concerns have also been raised about a growing black market for tobacco. The government acknowledged this risk in initial proposals: "Evidence indicates that the amount of tobacco products being smuggled into New Zealand has increased substantially in recent years and organised criminal groups are involved in large-scale smuggling," it said.

Initial plans for a smoke free generation of New Zealanders have now been finalised after public consultation. They were first floated in April. They will still need to pass through the legislative process, but should not face any obstacles - Smokefree 2025 is a headline Labour policy, and the party holds a majority in New Zealand parliament. Verrall said the legislation would be introduced in 2022, with the age limits coming in in 2023.

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New Zealand to ban smoking for next generation in bid to outlaw habit by 2025

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New Zealand has announced it will outlaw smoking for the next generation, so that those who are aged 14 and under today will never be legally able to buy tobacco. New legislation means the legal smoking age will increase every year, to create a smoke-free generation of New Zealanders, associate health minister Dr Ayesha Verrall said on Thursday.

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Extinction Rebellion and Animal Rebellion are blocking Amazon sites across Europe with the aim of disrupting 50% of the company's Black Friday deliveries.

Travel chaos has hit the UK on the biggest shopping day of the year as the environmental activists target 13 sites.

Distribution centres in Germany and the Netherlands have also been blocked in 'a stand against Amazon's exploitation of people, animals and the planet'.

The online giant has been accused of 'exploiting workers, rampant wastefulness & ecological destruction'.

Amazon's carbon emissions rose by 19% as many countries locked down during the pandemic in 2020, while its overall carbon intensity decreased 16%.

Bosses vowed to hit net-zero by 2040 in 2019 - but activists insist that there is 'no evidence for how that will be achieved and the pledge does not include Amazon's supply chain'.

Demonstrators 'locked onto' bamboo towers and scaffolding structures after arriving at an Amazon distribution centre near Bristol at 4am.

Two access roads to the site are completely obstructed, it's reported.

A person wearing a head mask depicting Amazon founder Jeff Bezos was pictured on a fake rocket in Tilbury as police crowded around.

One protester was pictured sitting on top of a robot made from boxes at a protest in Manchester.

Meanwhile, others were seen holding a large banner in Dartford, Kent on Friday morning.

Amazon Milton Keynes has been blocked by Bedford and Northants rebels 'in solidarity with #MakeAmazonPay strikers and Climate Activists everywhere', the group tweeted.

Officers said delays were expected in rush hour traffic this morning.

Essex Police tweeted: 'We're dealing with a protest outside an Amazon warehouse in Windrush Road, #Tilbury and engaging with people at the scene to ensure it remains safe.

'However, we expect the disruption to run into the morning rush hours and we're asking motorists to take some delays into account.'

Black Fridays sees many retailers temporarily slash the prices of their products, with shoppers battling to get the best deals on Christmas presents.

Online shopping today could release up to 386,243 tonnes of carbon which would have the same impact as 215,778 return flights between London and Sydney, research from money.co.uk claims.

An Amazon spokesperson told Metro.co.uk: 'At Amazon, we take our responsibilities very seriously.

'That includes our commitment to be net-zero carbon by 2040 - 10 years ahead of the Paris Agreement - providing excellent pay and benefits in a safe and modern work environment, and supporting the tens of thousands of British small businesses who sell on our store.

'We know there is always more to do, and we'll continue to invent and invest on behalf of our employees, customers, small businesses and communities in the UK.

'We're proud to have invested £32bn in the UK since 2010, creating 10,000 new permanent jobs across the country this year alone, and generating a total UK tax contribution of £1.55bn in 2020.'
Get in touch with our news team by emailing us at webnews@metro.co.uk.
For more stories like this, check our news page.

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Extinction Rebellion blocks Amazon sites to disrupt Black Friday deliveries

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Extinction Rebellion is blockading Amazon sites with the aim of disrupting 50% of the company's Black Friday deliveries.

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The acquittal of Kyle Rittenhouse - who killed two men and injured another during anti-racism protests in Kenosha, Wisconsin - came after a contentious and controversial trial that gripped America.

For many people Rittenhouse's treatment was seen as revealing the favorable treatment that a white and armed militia supporter received from law enforcement when compared to police attitudes to anti-racism protesters.

Here are five key moments that happened as the courtroom drama played out.

The prosecution: "The only person who killed anyone"

In his dramatic opening statement on 2 November, Kenosha county assistant district attorney Thomas Binger portrayed Rittenhouse as an antagonist who chose to exacerbate tensions. Binger argued that not only did Rittenhouse deliberately contribute to the chaos on the night of unrest last August, but that he was also the sole individual who killed others.

"The evidence will show that hundreds of people were out on the street experiencing chaos and violence, and the only person who killed anyone was the defendant, Kyle Rittenhouse," Binger told the court.

Defense attorney Mark Richards pushed back against the claim, arguing: "The government can refer to [Rittenhouse] all they wish as an active shooter ... The only person he had shot was Joseph Rosenbaum, who had made threats to kill."

Prosecution set back: state's witnesses bolstering self-defense claim

Throughout the trial, several of the state's witnesses appeared to have bolstered Rittenhouse's self-defense argument, including Gaige Grosskreutz, the 27-year-old man he injured. Grosskreutz testified that he carried a loaded gun that night and acknowledged that it was aimed at Rittenhouse when Rittenhouse shot him.

During cross-examination, defense attorney Corey Chirafisi asked Grosskreutz, "It wasn't until you pointed your gun at him, advanced on him ... that he fired, right?"

"Correct," Grosskreutz answered. He has, however, affirmed that he did not intend to point his pistol at Rittenhouse, saying, "That's not why I was out there. It's not who I am." Grosskreutz, who trained as a paramedic, testified that he volunteered as a medic at the protest.

Another witness, videographer Richie McGinniss, described the 36-year-old Joseph Rosenbaum, whom Rittenhouse fatally shot, as chasing after Rittenhouse and lunging for his gun. When Binger pressed McGinniss to concede he did not know what Rosenbaum's intent was, McGinniss had a pointed - and damaging - answer.

"Well," McGinniss replied, "He said, 'Fuck you,' and then he reached for the weapon."

Prosecutors also asked Kariann Swart, Rosenbaum's fiancee, whether he had taken medication earlier on the day he was shot. By asking that question, Judge Bruce Schroeder ruled, prosecutors opened the door for the defense to ask Swart what the medication was for. Swart revealed that it was for bipolar disorder and depression during cross-examination, in turn potentially adding credibility to the idea that Rosenbaum was an unstable aggressor.

Rittenhouse cries on the stand

After Rittenhouse took the stand, the trial took an emotional turn when the 18-year old broke down crying uncontrollably as he described being "ambushed" by Rosenbaum, whom he said ran at him threatening to kill him.

"I didn't do anything wrong. I defended myself," Rittenhouse told the court. "Once I take that step back, I look over my shoulder and Mr Rosenbaum was now running from my right side. I was cornered in front of me ... and there were people right there," he said before he began crying.

Wendy Rittenhouse, his mother, sobbed loudly as she watched on.

Schroeder ordered a 10-minute break for Rittenhouse to compose himself. The defendant remained largely composed throughout the rest of the day, though his voice did break at times during the tough cross-examination by the prosecution.

More prosecution missteps

During Rittenhouse's cross-examination, Schroeder asked the jury to leave the courtroom twice before sharply admonishing the prosecution for its line of questioning.

The startling turn came when Binger asked Rittenhouse about whether it was appropriate to use deadly force to protect property. He also questioned Rittenhouse's silence after his arrest, as was his right.

Schroeder erupted at Binger, accusing him of pursuing improper line of questioning and trying to introduce testimony that the judge earlier said he was inclined to prohibit.

"When you say you were acting in good faith, I don't believe you," Schroeder said to Binger. At one point, he yelled, "Don't get brazen with me!"

The defense asked for a mistrial with prejudice, meaning that if one is granted, Rittenhouse cannot be retried in the shootings. Schroeder said he would consider the matter but let the rest of the trial unfold.

A judge's ringtone: "God Bless the USA":

During last Wednesday's cross-examination, Schroeder's phone suddenly rang to the ringtone of God Bless the USA. Released in 1984 by Lee Greenwood, the song is popular in conservative circles and often played as Trump's entrance theme during his rallies.

Schroeder's ringtone prompted many criticisms online, with many arguing that it further reveals his potential bias in the case.

Schroeder was previously accused of establishing a double standard by the prosecution when he ruled prior to the trial that prosecutors could not refer to the men shot by Rittenhouse as "victims" whereas defense attorneys may call them "arsonists" or "looters".

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Kyle Rittenhouse acquittal: five key takeaways from the courtroom drama

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The acquittal of Kyle Rittenhouse - who killed two men and injured another during anti-racism protests in Kenosha, Wisconsin - came after a contentious and controversial trial that gripped America. For many people Rittenhouse's treatment was seen as revealing the favorable treatment that a white and armed militia supporter received from law enforcement when compared to police attitudes to anti-racism protesters.

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Programme des khôlles 2021 - 2022

Les chapitres de vocabulaire indiqués dans le programme ci-joint font référence à l'ouvrage suivant: Daniel Gandrillon (2016) Vocabulaire thématique anglais-français, Le monde d'aujourd'hui, 2ème édition actualisée, Ellipses.
Votre connaissance du lexique sera systématiquement évaluée par votre colleur et sera prise en compte dans la notation.
L'acquisition régulière du lexique thématique ne doit pas se réduire à un simple exercice de mémorisation. Les mots et expressions appris sont des outils qui vont vous permettre d'exprimer votre pensée de manière précise. On s'attend donc à ce que vous le réutilisiez dans vos résumés (reformulation) et vos commentaires.

Au début de l'année, les colles sont préparées à la maison. Les documents de support (extraits d'articles) sont à votre disposition dans le programme ci-dessous. Dans chaque groupe, il faut se répartir au maximum les textes (dans un trinôme avec trois textes, chaque étudiant.e prépare un texte différent; dans un binôme avec trois textes, les deux étudiant.e.s prennent chacun.e un texte différent et en laisse un de côté; dans un trinôme avec deux textes, deux étudiant.e.s préparent le même texte; etc.)

A partir de la semaine 12 (3 janvier 2022), dans chaque groupe, un.e étudiant.e prépare sa colle à la maison en écoutant le mp3 en lien dans le programme ci-dessous(pas de temps de préparation en salle d'interrogation). Les autres étudiant.e.s du groupe préparent la colle en salle d'interrogation.

Business as usual! Dans chaque groupe, un.e étudiant.e prépare sa colle à la maison en écoutant le mp3 en lien dans le programme ci-dessous (pas de temps de préparation en salle d'interrogation). Les autres étudiant.e.s du groupe préparent la colle en salle d'interrogation.

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Les chapitres de vocabulaire indiqués dans le programme ci-joint font référence à l'ouvrage suivant: Daniel Gandrillon (2016) Vocabulaire thématique anglais-français, Le monde d'aujourd'hui, 2ème édition actualisée, Ellipses.Votre connaissance du lexique sera systématiquement évaluée par votre colleur et sera prise en compte dans la notation.L'acquisition régulière du lexique thématique ne doit pas se réduire à un simple exercice de mémorisation.

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UK’s Brexit losses more than 178 times bigger than trade deal gains

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Exclusive: All trade deals combined worth less than 50p per person a year, analysis of government figures shows

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A Canadian facing breathing issues was diagnosed as possibly the first patient in the world suffering from " climate change," as doctors said heatwaves and poor air quality were responsible for his condition.

Dr Kyle Merritt, responsible for the diagnosis of the senior citizen from Nelson in British Columbia who suffered from asthma, said this was the first time in a decade that he wrote climate change as a cause of suffering.

"If we're not looking at the underlying cause, and we're just treating the symptoms, we're just gonna keep falling further and further behind," the emergency room doctor told the Glacier Media.

"It's me trying to just... process what I'm seeing," he adds.

Canada has suffered from a historic heatwave this year in June, followed by a thick smog season triggered by wildfires.

British Columbia, the westernmost province of Canada, crossed record-breaking temperatures in June, which is believed to have killed 500 people. The wildfire caused the air quality to become 43 times worse than levels acceptable as safe throughout July and August.

"We're in the emergency department, we look after everybody, from the most privileged to the most vulnerable, from cradle to grave, we see everybody. And it's hard to see people, especially the most vulnerable people in our society, being affected. It's frustrating," Dr Merritt told the outlet.

The patient, who was in her 70s, was diagnosed in the summer soon after the heatwave that Dr Merritt says directly contributed to making her ailment worse.

"She has diabetes. She has some heart failure .... She lives in a trailer, no air conditioning," he said. "All of her health problems have all been worsened. And she's really struggling to stay hydrated."

The diagnosis from Dr Merritt has led to other doctors in the province launching an initiative called Doctors and Nurses for Planetary Health.

Healthcare professionals are using the group to advocate for better health by protecting the environment, they said on the website.

"We are deeply concerned about the climate crisis and its impact on health," the group's website said. "This summer, our patients experienced extreme weather events of heat dome, drought, and severe wildfires."

The extreme weather in Canada is one in a series of problems the world faced due to climate change as extreme flooding, drought, fires and heatwaves dominated the headlines.

World leaders at the Cop26 summit in Glasgow have been pushing for stricter climate action targets to prevent more extreme impacts in the coming years and the pledges have reduced the projected emissions below 2°C for the first time.

However, climate experts have warned this isn't enough.

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Canadian diagnosed as suffering from 'climate change'

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A Canadian facing breathing issues was diagnosed as possibly the first patient in the world suffering from " climate change," as doctors said heatwaves and poor air quality were responsible for his condition.

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Les colles - Méthodo et connecteurs logiques

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Les colles - Méthodo et connecteurs logiques

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The Duke of Cambridge has criticised the space race and space tourism, saying the world's greatest minds need to focus on trying to fix the Earth instead.

Prince William's comments, in an interview with Newscast on BBC Sounds, will be aired the day after William Shatner made history by becoming the oldest person in space.

The 90-year-old actor, known for his role as Captain James T Kirk in Star Trek, lifted off from the Texas desert on Wednesday in a rocket built by the Amazon founder Jeff Bezos's space travel company Blue Origin.

The prince, who was interviewed about the climate crisis ahead of his inaugural Earthshot prize awards, said: "We need some of the world's greatest brains and minds fixed on trying to repair this planet, not trying to find the next place to go and live."

He also warned the attendees of the Cop26 summit, where world leaders will gather in Glasgow at the end of the month, against "clever speak, clever words but not enough action".

"I think for Cop to communicate very clearly and very honestly what the problems are and what the solutions are going to be, is critical," he said. "We can't have more clever speak, clever words but not enough action."

William expressed his concerns about a rise in climate anxiety in young people, and said it would be an "absolute disaster" if his eldest son, Prince George, was having to talk about the same issue in 30 years when it would be too late.

"We are seeing a rise in climate anxiety. Young people now are growing up where their futures are basically threatened the whole time. It's very unnerving and it's very anxiety making," he said.

He added that his father, the Prince of Wales, who is known for his longstanding commitment to green issues, had a "really rough ride" when he first started talking about the climate crisis.

William, who was interviewed by the Newscast presenter Adam Fleming, said his late grandfather the Duke of Edinburgh had started the royal interest in environmental issues.

He said of Charles: "It's been a hard road for him. My grandfather started off helping out WWF a long time ago with its nature work and biodiversity, and I think that my father's sort of progressed that on and talked about climate change a lot more, very early on, before anyone else thought it was a topic.

"So yes, he's had a really rough ride on that, and I think he's been proven to being well ahead of the curve. Well beyond his time in warning about some of these dangers.

"But it shouldn't be that there's a third generation now coming along having to ramp it up even more. And you know, for me, it would be an absolute disaster if George is sat here talking to you or your successor, Adam, you know in like 30 years' time, whatever, still saying the same thing, because by then we will be too late."

He added that his viewpoint had changed since he had children: "I want the things that I've enjoyed - the outdoor life, nature, the environment - I want that to be there for my children, and not just my children but everyone else's children.

"If we're not careful we're robbing from our children's future through what we do now. And I think that's not fair."

William discussed his Earthshot prize, saying it was about trying to create action.

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Prince William criticises space race and tourism's new frontier

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The Duke of Cambridge has criticised the space race and space tourism, saying the world's greatest minds need to focus on trying to fix the Earth instead. Prince William's comments, in an interview with Newscast on BBC Sounds, will be aired the day after William Shatner made history by becoming the oldest person in space.

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#climatechange #environment

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What is Cop26 and why does it matter? The complete guide

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Everything you need to know about the Glasgow conference seeking to forge a global response to the climate emergency