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The principle of the specific ELT skill assigned to me is doing an assignment to write a story about a holiday. English teacher gives students to write their story on one page. She told us to write a story about the holiday. After we have done it, the teacher asked us to present ours in front of the class. Writing skills is important for students to practice writing and improve their vocabulary.

For innovative learning, strategy is using Quip. It can be used for students practice to write anything with their friends online. Also, they can make a conversation or comment on that website. The use of technology as a tool to practice writing skills in different ways

Thank you

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The principles of the specific ELT skill assigned to me are made a dialog and present in front of the class. English teacher divided as work in pairs. She told us to discuss and made a dialog based on our topic. After we have done this, in pairs presented a dialog in front of the class. Speaking skills is important for students to practice speak and pronunciation clearly

For innovative learning, the strategy is using YouTube. Besides it uses to watch videos, we as students can make a video and practice speaking in front of a camera and share on YouTube channel. The use of technology as a media to motivate students to practice their speaking skill to makes a fluently.

Thank you

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The principles of the specific ELT skill assigned to me is when I was in senior high school, the English teacher divided us into groups. He told us to discuss the books that we read, then share with the other students what we read before. In my opinion, reading skills are important for students to know the vocabulary and make critical thinking.

For innovative learning, the strategy is using Kahoot! application. It has to use for students to read a question in the form of words and sentences during they practice and answer the question in the application. The use of technology in the classroom helps to engage the students with different stimuli and create a new environment for them. They can learn in and outside the classroom

Thank you

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Cooperative learning is the instructional use of small groups so that students work together to maximize their own and each other’s learning. Cooperative learning involves small groups so that individuals work together to maximize their own and each other’s' achievement. The implementation of this model can be for teaching reading by organize the students into some group, then doing the activity to read each part of the text, then they conclude what the conclusion of the text given.

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Project based learning is one of the constructivism approaches in which the cooperation among the students in finding and building their knowledge through active learning. Project based learning is learning with the use of projects as systematic teaching method which involve students in learning knowledge’s and skills through research assignment, authentic question, and well-designed product.

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Problem-based learning is a method that provides collaboration between stimulus and response, where it is a representation of learning from the environment. This is also known as learning with real-world problem. The implementation of this model can use to teach the report text topic. In this situation, the student ask to find the problem happened and collect them into the report text.

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Discovery Learning Model is defined as a learning process that occurs when students are not presented in the final form, but are expected to organize themselves. Learning with discovery is learning to find, where a student is faced with a problem or situation that seems odd so students can find a way to solve. This model can implement to teaching narrative text because when the student find the story, they can explore with discovery steps and procedure

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Models of teaching is a plan or pattern that can be used to design instructional materials and to guide instruction in the classroom context and another settings. This models such as discovery learning, cooperative learning, etc. The implementation of mode of teaching is that during the teacher doing the teaching and learning process. All of this models have their characteristics and procedure to implement so that during the implementation teacher must do the procedure based on the models that they choose.

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Effective listeners think about what they will hear, it is useful for the listeners to listen between the lines. Good listeners notice what they do and do not understand. Efficient learners ask questions and give feedback to the speaker. In this technology era, there are many application and media that we can use in learning or improving our listening skill. Listening an English song and watching a movie are the best effort that we can do in the teaching and learning process. because we can enjoy the learning process.

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Effective listener think about what they will hear (listen). It is useful for the listeners to listen between the lines. Good listeners notice what they do and do not understand and efficient learners ask questions and give feedback to the speaker. In this technology era there are many application and media that we can use to improve our listening skill. listening an English song and watching movie are one of the fun way to learn listening because we can enjoy the learning process. Many medias available to us to learning or improving our listening skill.

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Effective listener think about what they will hear (listen). It is useful for the listeners to listen between the lines. Good listeners notice what they do and do not understand and efficient learners ask questions and give feedback to the speaker. In this technology era there are many application and media that we can use to improve our listening skill. listening an English song and watching movie are one of the fun way to learn listening because we can enjoy the learning process. Many medias available to us to learning or improving our listening skill.

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Writing gives more ‘thinking time’ than spontaneous conversation. It gives more opportunity for processing the language whether it is involved in study or activation. Writing is an activity in which students can express their ideas, feelings and creativities on written form. Therefore, writing is a complex skill in which the students should be able to master vocabularies and language structures. The students should get a lot of practice as often as possible in order to have better writing skill. Thus, teacher should be able to provide effective strategies to improve students writing skill. One of the effective ways is by asking students to write their opinion and creativity through online platform or application. For example they can use social media which they mostly use every day to have writing practice. The teacher can share an interesting for the students and then ask them to give opinion about the topic. It can be the topic which is related to their everyday lives which is interesting for them to be discussed. There the students can write down their expression and feeling about that topic in form of good writing.

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Speaking activities provide rehearsal opportunities and chances to practice real-life speaking in the safety of the classroom. It means that speaking proves whether we can speak the language or not. Students should be focused more on speaking activity because this skill is one of the most common problem and challenge in learning English. Therefore, teacher should be able to provide the best strategies to enhance speaking activity in order to mare students enjoy learning to speak up. Sometimes students feel anxiety and nervous in speaking, so the strategy should be related to their comfort which can be their everyday lives. For example, the teacher can give a project such as making video or podcast in which it relates to students’ interest and need. The media can be used such as uploading on Youtube or podcast. Moreover, the teacher can provide online podcast to the students by giving them a topic to be discussed. There they can discuss the topic each other with their groups through podcast.

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Same as listening principle before, reading principle can be implemented in learning is by encouraging students to read as often and as much as possible. More reading activity will become habit which can positively improve comprehension in reading. The more students read sentences or texts, the easier they will understand and fasten their comprehension. For the innovative and creative strategy which can be used in reading, teacher may ask the students to read any text from media that they use mostly every day and they easily get surrounding. For example they can read some stories on books, comics, news update online or offline. The application which can be used such as reading stories on Wattpad, online comics or books, and social media they usually use in which they read some articles or news from English users.

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The principle of listening skill that I assign is by encouraging students to listen as often and as much as possible. By having listening as part of our daily activity, of course it can improve our listening skills. For example we can use many ways such as by watching videos, movies, and listening to songs or podcasts. In order to do that, teacher needs to be innovative and creative in providing listening activity for the students. One of the good ways is by relating to the latest or most updated applications which students use in current days. The students can be asked to watch videos on Youtube based on their interests in terms of English videos. Moreover, the students can watch English videos based on what they like on a lot of social media such as instagram, facebook, tiktok, etc. Besides, students also can try to listen to English song that they like or listen to various English podcast which can found on spotify and other applications.

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According to Brown (2004) there are four main principles of writing:

Principle 1: Understand students’ reasons for writing

Principle 2: Provide many opportunities for students to write

Principle 3: Make feedback helpful and meaningful

Principle 4: Clarifying

Based on my experience in teaching students from elementary to adult students, there are many learning strategies that I use during teaching English focusing on the speaking skill such as I asked my students to write in a piece of paper and pass to their friend next to them and after the row end, I will pick one of them to present about their work and share to the class. I also used several media such as pictures, videos, music to get students interested with the topic given and write about the most interesting part of those media. I also asked them to write in pair about their experience and swap the work to be corrected with their peer. At the end, I also give feedback and evaluation about their achievement. For the advanced students, I use to asked them to write their views or thoughts about specific issues including the SWOT analysis and present their work to their friends. I also asked them to post their works on social media which relates with the lesson being discussed in the class previously, after that I will ask them to give comment or suggestion or input towards their friend’s work.  In the future class, I will try to utilize more innovative and interactive technology in order to get students pay attention, engage with the writing activities, collaboration, improve their HOTS skills, creativity, and vocabulary mastery, grammar and also avoid the boredom. The technology that I will be trying to implement such as WattPad, Masterpiece Generator, Story Bird, Story Jumper and Self-blogging.

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According to Brown (2007) there are seven principles of speaking:

Principle 1: Focus on fluency and accuracy (depending on lesson/activity objective)

Principle 2: Use intrinsically motivating techniques based on student goals and interests.

Principle 3: Use authentic language in meaningful contexts

Principle 4: Provide appropriate feedback and correction

Principle 5: Optimize the natural link between listening and speaking

Principle 6: Give students the opportunity to initiate oral communication

Principle 7: Develop speaking strategies

Based on my experience in teaching students from elementary to adult students, there are many learning strategies that I use such as information-gap activities, telling about favourite idol or favourite objects, conversation and role play, meeting and greeting, student presentations, mini debate, moral dilemmas, discussion, guessing games, simon says, hot-seating, story retelling, vlogging, tik tok, Instagram, and a lot more. I also use some interactive tools such as Twinkl and also bamboozle in order to get students more interested and engaged with the activity. In the future class, I will try to utilize more innovative and interactive technology in order to get students pay attention, engage with the speaking activities, improve their HOTS skills, collaboration, creativity, public speaking skill, pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary mastery and also avoid the boredom. The technology that I will be trying to implement such as Pecha Kucha, Prezi, Orai, Blabberize, Voki, VoiceThread, FlipGrid

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According to Harmer (2007), there are six principles of reading:

Principle 1: Encourage students to read as often and as much as possible.

Principle 2: Students need to be engaged with what they are reading.

Principle 3: Encourage students to respond to the content of a text (and explore their feelings about it), not just concentrate on its construction.

Principle 4: Prediction is a major factor in reading.

Principle 5: Match the task to the topic when using intensive reading texts.

Principle 6: Good teachers exploit reading texts to the full.

Based on my experience before when I was teaching elementary, junior and senior high students especially on reading skills, I have implemented some strategies by integrating technology within the teaching and learning process. The strategies that I use namely, reading aloud, KWL charts, reading about the fiction and non-fiction texts by using digital reading tools like OxfordOwl and StoryLine Online. Sometimes, I also asked students to read about certain topic related the lesson by using BBC News, and ABC News and also British council, at the end they will be provided with some questions to check their comprehension towards the text. In the future class, I will try to utilize more innovative and interactive technology in order to get students pay attention, engage with the reading activities, improve their HOTS skills and vocabulary mastery and also avoid the boredom. The technology that I will be trying to implement such as Newsela, Rewordify, Reading Bear, Guternberg Project, News in Levels, EssayBot, The Jakarta Post, CNN, Free Graded Readers, Literacy Cloud, Let’s Read Asia, and Story Weaver, ER Central.

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According to Harmer (2007), there are six principles of listening:

Principle 1: Encourage students to listen as often and as much as possible.

Principle 2: Help students prepare to listen.

Principle 3: Once may not be enough.

Principle 4: Encourage students to respond to the content of a listening, not just to the language.

Principle 5: Different listening stages demand different listening tasks.

Principle 6: Good teachers exploit listening texts to the full.

Based on my experience before when I was teaching junior and senior high students especially on listening skills, I have implemented some strategies by integrating technology within the teaching and learning process. The strategies that I use such as first, listening to the audio recording in which here I assigned students to listen attentively towards some audio recordings and after that there will be some questions related the audio recordings. Second, I also use TEDTalk as a media in assigning listening comprehension where students will be asked to listen the video about certain topic and try to transcribe what the speaker was saying. Third, I also use British Council learning website where I selected some topics about weather or forecast then asked students to watch the videos and answer the questions provided at the end. Fourth, I sometimes use song in getting students’ focus and attention by selecting familiar and happening songs at the time and I will play the song and there will be assignment given where students need to fill in the missing lyrics. After that, I also provided some questions related to the current songs. Fifth, I also use YouTube videos in creating the listening activity especially about something deals with storytelling. There will be some questions provided and students need to answer them based on the storytelling video. In the future class, I will try to utilize more innovative and interactive technology in order to get students pay attention and engage with the listening activities and also avoid the boredom. The technology that I will be trying to implement such as ELLLO, Busuu, Randalls’ ESL Cyber Listenign Lab, English Listening Step by Step, English Listening and Speaking, and 6 Minute English, English Central, Listen Pal and LearnEnglish Podcasts.

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In writing I prefer to ask my students to work in Canva. Make something like poster, card, or diary. They can use their creativity to write there. Besides, they will not feel bored to write. Moreover, I'll find another applications to help students in writing so I can combine them to make the learning process become enjoyable, easy to understand and followed by the students.

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Speaking is one of the important skill in learn English. Debate is on of the useful strategy for students to speak. Students can share their ideas or opinion about the topic given. We can do debate via Zoom or Google Meet with the students. Beside I usually encourage my students to speak by using voice note on WhatsApp.

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Students must be able to read. By reading students can improve their knowledge and also vocabularies. Encourage the students to read more and more. Students need to engaged with what they are reading, and encourage students to respond the context of the text. My plan for my future class, i will combine the teaching and learning process with technology or some application which supported reading comprehension, so the students won't feel bored to read.

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Actually since a baby we already learn by listening. Listening is one of the most important skill for the students. By listening students can learn word by word and improve their vocabulary.
Nowadays we can find many media to learn for the example YouTube the most, Learn English Podcast, or we can learn through listening to the music or watch a story which make students remember and understand the words easily like Joox, Resso, and so on.
Based on my experience I learn English by listening to the music and story. First, I will listened to the story, i will try to understand the words from the story. Then, if I really don't know the word or I just listen that word for the first time, i will find it in my dictionary. If I still couldn't find it, i will ask my teacher to help. Because sometimes some words has similar pronunciation but different meaning. So, we need to make sure the students understand the meaning of the words. Usually from the story the students can understand the word by looking at the picture.

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Writing is a useful skill. It's important to use clear language and be concise. You should be objective when you write. You should revise and rewrite your work. You should be specific about what you want the reader to do.
I'm going to use Canva in my writing class when I go back to school next year. In this platform, the student can make posters, presentations, infographics, banners, cards, or banners, among other things. It will be a descriptive text, and the student will write about a place. Since Canva has a lot of interesting templates, the students can use them to make their writing look better.

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It can be very important to learn how to speak a foreign language so that you can be confident when you speak it. It also shows how good someone is at speaking a different language.

A lot of different things can be done to help students improve their speaking skills. A simple way to get the students to talk is to set up a group on whatsapp for them to talk in. You can have a group conversation on whatsapp with your teacher and your students. The teacher will give the students a topic and the students can respond through voicenote. People in one of Denpasar's universities told me that they use whatsapp groups to have class talks. Students can use voicenotes to say what they think or feel without having to show their face. It is one of the things that can make it hard for students to want to participate in the classroom, especially when it comes to speaking.

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Teachers can use the audible app to help students improve their reading skills when they use technology to help them learn. Audible can help students learn how to say a word or sentence right. In this case, this is because Audible has voice recordings from native speakers who read in their own language.

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Exposure to English is the most important thing you can do to improve your language skills. In this situation, there are many ways to get people used to English, like listening to podcasts or watching YouTube. Because not all podcasts and YouTube videos are appropriate for the people who listen to them.
- I learned that the best way to improve my listening skills is to watch videos and listen to songs or podcasts over and over again. The teacher wants me to listen to a new song, listen to a podcast in English, and then write about the song and the podcast. So, we get used to hearing.

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In my opinion, the Performance Assessment is one of the best ways to measure how well you speak English in Indonesia. Because this assessment not only looks at how well you understand the theory, but also how well you connect the theory to the content of the material and how well you apply it. With this test, the teacher can figure out how well students have learned certain things and how well they haven't. Performance assessment can be used from elementary school to college. Assessments of performance can be done by doing things like:
2. A group project (a number of students to work together on a complex project that includes planning, research, group discussions, and group presentations).
There are two essays in this text: (used to see the level of student knowledge through writing which includes the analysis process, explanation techniques and how to draw conclusions)
3. Try things out (used to measure the extent to which students understand concepts and processes)
4. Showing off (used to measure the extent to which they master the content of the material and procedures)
5. Portfolios are used to show students' abilities in a more general way through data collection or documents with student worksheets.

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Both of the frameworks are very useful, but it all comes down to what the class is going to talk about, how old the students are, and how good their English is.
Triple E frame work is something I'll be interested in later. I'll know how technology can help my students improve their skills when they're learning.

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Integrative/Sociocognitive/Socioconstructive CALL is more relevant to learning in the 21st century than other things. Twenty-first century learning requires students to think critically, communicate, be creative and also work with each other to solve problems. In the most recent version of CALL, the teacher can use one skill to help teach another. This could help the teacher make the classroom a good place for students to learn. The teacher, for example, can use apps to teach both language skills and technology skills at the same time. Critical thinking and self-directed learning can help students do the task or learn what they need to do. They might also have a conversation and work together with some of their friends, as well. So, this new version of CALL could meet the needs of students in the 21st century.

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When you learn online, you can do it at any time and from any place. Online learning can be done on a lot of different social media platforms. I'm using the Zoom, Cisco, and Google Meet apps to run the online learning process. I also sometimes use the video call feature on WhatsApp to talk to students one-on-one about their work. If we wanted to find out how well students knew what they were learning, it would be very hard. There were times when I called out the students when we were having an online meeting.

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Based on my assignment. I take Project-based Learning as my focus in teaching model observation to make a mini report. In my opinion This model is very interesting to apply in learning process. Project-based learning is a model of teaching which focus on the process how the students get the information to finish their project. the goal of this model is not about project result. but, how the student mastery the material of learning purposes.

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Based on the discussion section in our class meeting, I got a simple opinion about Discovery/Inquiry-based learning. This learning is focus on how the students get the information. In discovery learning, there are 3 points: 1. We learn by our self, it means we do our own observation (0-14 years old). 2. Learning or get an information from other people. 3. Learning by a teacher. In Inquiry-based learning, students get their own information by their observation and then ask to the teacher to get clarification or more information. Here, the students must have an critical thinking.

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Teaching model is a framework that provides a systematic description for implementing learning in order to help students learn in certain goals to be achieved / teaching Model has a specific purpose. The function of the learning model is as a guideline in the design to the implementation of learning. Teaching model is a framework that provides a systematic description for implementing learning in order to help students learn in certain goals to be achieved / teaching Model has a specific purpose. The function of the learning model is as a guideline in the design to the implementation of learning.

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Teaching reading has several principles, namely: encourage students to read as much as possible, students need to be engaged with what they read, encourage students to respond to the content of text, prediction is a major factor in reading, match the task to the topic when using intensive reading texts, and good teacher exploit reading texts to the fullest. First principle refers to the teachers should be able to motivate students to read inside and outside the classroom. Principle two focuses on making students feel attached to what they read and not only read without meaning for themselves. Third principle encompasses that teachers should be able to make students utter their feeling about the text they read. Fourth principle relates to the teachers’ ability to make students predict the content of text before reading the whole text intensively. Fifth principle focuses more on teachers are capable to make a good activities in a reading class. It should be matched with what they read and reading level of students in class. Last principle is about teachers are able to maximize the use of reading text such as make it as discussion topic, further reading in house, and etc. in my teaching activity, I will try to use Wattpad. Mostly, my students are familiar with this app. So, I will have them to read English story in Wattpad. Then, I make them to tell their feeling about what they read.

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The same as teaching reading, listening, and writing, teaching speaking also has its principles. Teaching speaking has three principles, namely: avoid correcting in the middle of speaking and do not be the dominator in speaking class. Teacher must recognize that it is not appropriate giving correction or feedback when students speak. Teachers should listen until the end of students’ speaking. Then, they can give correction or feedback. Sometimes, teachers want to involve in speaking activity. When they involve in speaking activity as role models, they should notice that teachers should not be the dominator in speaking class. In my innovative class, I would like to use zoom application. In the zoom, I would like to ask them to tell about their everyday activities. Then, I would like asking the audience to give opinion about the speakers’ daily activities. At last, I will give my feedback for the speakers.

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In teaching writing, teachers should consider the principles of teaching writing. There are two main principles of teaching writing such as avoiding over-correction and avoid to tell correcting the handwriting. Over-correction of students’ writing could decrease students’ motivation. Instead, teacher could correct students’ writing by focusing on one aspect either grammar, vocabulary, punctuation, or etc. teachers also cannot ask students to change their handwriting. This should be avoided by teachers to still maintain students’ enthusiasm in writing. As alternative, teachers could tell students to make their writing more neat and legible. In my writing class, I will use padlet. This is an application like a blank whiteboard. In the padlet, I will write several topics to be write. Then, they have to choose only one topic that they love the most. After choosing topics, they write about what they know about the topic chosen in padlet.

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There are several principles of teaching listening such as encourage students to listen as much as possible, helps students prepare to listen, once may not be enough, encourage the students to respond the content, different listening stages demand different listening tasks, good teachers exploit listening text to the full. The first principle stress the teaching listening should be as frequent as possible in class and teachers can encourage students to continue to listen outside class through internet, cd’s and etc. Second principle demands teachers to make their students ready for listening by explaining the framework of the listening. Through this, students will have a concept about the listening activity. Third principle is about teacher can encourage their students to ask for more repetition of playing the listening audio. The fourth principle focuses on making teachers to encourage their students to give their opinion about the listening audio. For my teaching activity, I would like to use podcast in my class. Nowadays, podcast becomes the trend among youngsters. Many public figures create interesting podcast to be heard. I will play a podcast in class and I will have them to tell the important information they can get in the played podcast.

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The principle of freedom of choice means that learners can choose texts as students would in their own language, and can then choose the texts they expect to enjoy, or learn. In connection with this principle, students are also free, even agree to stop reading anything that they think is too difficult, or that turns out to be uninteresting.

I will do fun reading activities for students in class using one reading text, students will be given story books and students must focus because they will continue reading from their previous friends so that students' reading interest increases. Besides that it will improve students' ability to focus and concentrate students.

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Integrating PLEASE Strategy with Wattpad

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Integrating PLEASE Strategy with Wattpad

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As a productive skill, writing exists to enable students having more opportunities in language processing. Since writing is aimed in making the reader understands about the content we are writing, here are the principles of good writing:

- Clear language is a must. It is nonsense if we are providing readers with such impressive vocabularies but hardly to understand. Therefore, clear language is more recommended to be used

- The text should be in a good construction which is organized from introduction, content, and ended with conclusion

- No need to be rambling, just go directly to the point to prevent readers’ boredom

The innovative strategy I will employ to my future teaching is PLEASE strategy which stands for P (Pick your topic), L (list your idea), E (evaluate your list), A (Activate paragraph with topic sentence), S (Supply supporting sentence), E (End with a concluding sentence). This strategy will be also integrated with technology which is using Wattpad. In Wattpad, I will assign my students to create a short story based on their own creativity by following PLEASE guidance to make a good structure of writing.

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Debate as Innovative Strategy in Teaching Speaking

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Debate as Innovative Strategy in Teaching Speaking

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As a skill that allows students to be communicative, Speaking is believed very crucial in 21st century education. In teaching speaking, teacher needs to consider several principles such as providing students with material close to their life. Context also matters in teaching speaking, for helping students to be able to elaborate their ideas. Teacher needs to make sure that students have been clear in terms of their intonation, idea, confidence, by considering the audience they are speaking to. No need to focus on grammar, because it will be trained unconsciously during the learning process.

Innovative teaching strategy that I will apply to my students is Debate strategy. In terms of technology integration, it will be integrated with the use of Zoom for the learning process. The students will be divided into two groups, negative and affirmative. The use of breakout room in zoom will be beneficial for the students to discuss within their group before they elaborate their idea to the main room altogether. Using Zoom and Debate strategy will simultaneously promote 21st century education since it facilitates students with critical thinking and ICT utilization.

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Integrating Question Generation and Technology-based Mass Media

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Integrating Question Generation and Technology-based Mass Media

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Reading is an activity of information processing from a text. There are several principles of reading, and the first is that students should read regularly because information processing requires sufficient time to practice. Another principle is for teacher to provide suitable text as reading material that is qualified for their level and they will like reading. Then, students need to be able to give respond toward the text they are reading to ensure that they have understood the reading content. In terms of educational field, the material provided including the reading topic should be in line with the curriculum expectation in certain level.

The innovative strategy I will employ to my teaching is Question Generation. This innovative strategy will be combined by technology-based source from The Jakarta Post, CNN, BBC News, and other online mass media in English. The students will be given a selected text from particular mass media (it should not always be recent news, but articles are also acceptable). In conducting the activities, the students are required to make 5W1H questions related to what they have read from the news. During the time of collecting information, the students will highlight the keywords found until they can conclude their text at the end. When they are able to summarize what the text after highlighting the keywords, it means they have been comprehending the reading content and understand the information on it.

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Using YouTube in Flipped Classroom with Listen to Lie Game Strategy

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Using YouTube in Flipped Classroom with Listen to Lie Game Strategy

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Listening as receptive skill is usually conducted in learning process by emphasizing on hearing the sound, intonation, in order for them to understand the content of what they have listened. The information they have to listen is started from the general until it reaches the specific ones. There are several principles of listening elaborated in the following lists:

- Students need to listen as often as possible, because the more they listen, they will get used to it. Later they will easily understand what is spoken

- In teaching listening, teacher should prepare the material needed, such as text, questions, even a picture to make them predict what the audio says about.

- Listening needs repetition, because it is quite impossible when learners could get the listening content in just one time of listening.

- When they are listening, students are expected to respond on what they have listened to make sure that they have been listening so well

- The listening content can be started from the general until it reaches the specific ones.

In teaching listening, I imagine myself in a hybrid learning in which I have to apply a flipped classroom learning model in the learning process. In the pre-class activities, students will be provided a material derived from YouTube. They have to listen to the video given and construct what the video is about. In terms of the innovative strategy, I will employ is listen to lie game. As the students have listened to the material from YouTube, in the face to face learning, the teacher will discuss about the video and students by giving the opposite statement. For example, in the video about bullying teacher will say “bullying is acceptable”, then the students will speak against the statement and state about the fact they have listened from the video. In this occasion, YouTube as technology has been integrated with a strategy which is suitable to support 21st-century learning.

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Building the writing habit is the principle which I would like to assign in English Language Teaching. However, writing can be said as the most challenging skill in language learning because the writer has to think, organize the idea, write, and revise the product.  In other words, a lot of stages should be done by the writer in order to get perfect writing. It will make the students easily feel depressed and not do not enjoy the writing’s process. Therefore, we need to make the students engage in the writing’s process from early levels by designing activities which are easy and enjoyable for them. It is also when the students are used to writing they will be enthusiasm in the writing’s process. The innovative writing strategies which I will assign to my future class are writing brochures and guides, writing to each other’s, and mind-maps. I think those writing strategies are the authentic one where the students could get the direct benefits of those activities. The students can connect it to their prior knowledge and experiences. Those teaching writing strategies is also can be supported by the use of technological tools. For instance, the teacher can ask the students to write a brochure by using Canva and also in writing mind-maps the teacher also can suggest the students to write it on Mindmeister.

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The innovative teaching strategy that I want to implement in my future writing class is descriptive movie strategy. Here, the teacher has to prepare the movie that will be use to teach and appropriate with the learning topic. Teacher and students watch the movie in the classroom by using LCD, but before that the teacher also have to prepare the speaker so that all of the students can hear the sound of that movie, it can be a short movie. After that, teacher asks students to make a descriptive text related to the personality of the characters in the movie, each student has to choose one character to be described. They have to write the descriptive text and present it in front of the class. The other students can give comment toward the presentation, whether they are agree or disagree with the personalities mentioned by the presenter, or comment the grammatical form, and also the vocabulary.

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Providing many chances for students to practice their speaking skill in the classroom and encouraging the use of authentic language in the meaningful context are the principles that I will assigned to my future class. It is expected that the students can practice their speaking skill by providing numerous chances to speak in the classroom. It is because the students are often evaluated their success in language learning based on how much they could present their ideas and knowledge in their spoken language proficiency. Besides, students are also required to have communication skill in this 21st century. By having good communication skill, it will make the students success in the academic field and society like carrier. The next one is providing authentic language materials. It is expected that the authentic materials will be beneficial for students in communicating in everyday-life situations. Authentic materials will make the learning process more engaging and help the students to improve their speaking skill. In addition, the example of innovative learning strategy which I would like to assign later is telling stories. The stories can be about anything like personal stories, favorites objects or place, and etc. Before asking the students to tell their stories, i will do a pre-speaking activity like inviting the students to do discussion or just do brainstorming like a sequence of pictures which tell a story. Then, it is their turn to tell their own story and ask them to record and upload in one of technological tools for teaching speaking such as VoiceThread. In voice thread, the students will upload their recording and I ask them to give feedback to others as to improve their works.

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The technology that I want to implement in my speaking class is audio-visual platform, especially YouTube. Through YouTube videos students are able to improve their speaking skill. Students can listen and learn about the correct pronunciation of words that are conveyed in the video by the native speakers. Beside, the video also helps the students to improve their vocabulary while watching the video provided, read the transcription, and listen to what is being said by the speakers. We also can ask the students to practice their speaking skill and ask them to upload it in their YouTube account. The other students also have the opportunity to give comment and suggestion in the comment features to the students who are presented in the video.  As a teacher, we also can give feedbacks to the students in the comment feature. For example, we can ask the students to tell about their experiences, storytelling, or role play.

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There are six principles of reading namely encourage students to read as often and mush as pissible, students need to be engaged with what they are reading, encourage students to respond to the content of the text, prediction is the major factor in reading, match the task to the topic when using intensive reading texts, and good teacher exploit reading texts to the full. In my reading class, the technology that I would like to use is Quizizz. Through Quizizz students can simply go the platform by clicking option ‘play’ and entering the game by using the code given by teacher. After answering the questions in the Quizizz, the teacher is provided a detailed result of students’ responses that can be saved. Therefore, the students can develop their reading skill in a fun and interesting way because Quizizz is aone of several game-based educational platforms.

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There are six principles of listening namely encourage students to listen as often as much as possible, help students prepare to listen, once may to be enough, encourage students to respond to the content of a listening not just to the language, different listening stages demand different listening tasks, and good teacher exploit listening text to the full. In my future class, I think that I will make an innovative teaching strategy which utilizes technology in teaching listening. There are a lot of platforms that can be used to teach listening skill. YouTube is one of several platforms that I want to implement in my class. By using YouTube, students are able to develop their listening skill in a fun way. YouTube provided many relevant videos from the native speaker. Beside that, most people know and use YouTube. So,  I think there will be no problems of using YouTube as the teaching platform. I can give the link about a simple story in YouTube, ask students to want and listen the video carefully and then they can note the vocabulary that they heard in the video. For the higher level, we can ask the students to listen the story and then retell the story from what they heard using their own word or give the students 5W1H questions related to the story in the video. Therefore, they do not only listen to the story but also have to comprehend about what they listen or hear.

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DRTA (Directed Reading and Thinking Activities) with News in Levels website.

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DRTA (Directed Reading and Thinking Activities) with News in Levels website.

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Reading is a complex skill since it involves mental process in understanding the text, in order to be able to get the information from what we are reading. There are many principles of reading skill. The first principle is that students need to be encouraged to read frequently as much as possible, since we can achieve no skill without regular practice. Then, the students should be involved in the text, thus it is teacher’s job in providing suitable reading material which the students will love to read. Students also need to be encouraged to respond to the text and express their opinion related to the content of the text. If it is in educational purposes (formal education), the reading text should be appropriate with the topic in the curriculum to achieve the learning goals.

Innovative teaching strategy I will apply to my teaching is DRTA (Directed Reading and Thinking Activity) which employs four stages predict – read – confirm – resolution. In terms of integrating with technology, I will use News in Levels as the reading source, since there are a lot of interesting topics with the level we may select, and there is also explanation of highlighted unfamiliar words at the end of the text.

In combining DRTA strategy with News in Levels, I will mention the title of the news then in the “predict” stage, students will create a prediction toward what the text will be about. Then, I will send the link for the students to read the first paragraph and make the second prediction, whether it has been in line with their first prediction. In confirming stage, students will share to their friends about the prediction they have made. At the end, students need to read the rest of the text in order to be able to conclude the content of the text itself. To be noted, when students find it confusing during the process, I will help them by guiding them with questions to make a prediction, or they can make the questions by themselves

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The reading principles which are assigned to me are encouraging students to read frequently and encouraging students to respond the context of a text. In my opinion, these 2 principles are the main principles which already discussed all of the principles included in the book. The first principle is encouraging students to be read as often as much as possible. It is important for teacher to engage the students to read frequently because it will help them to become more knowledgeable. As one of the receptive skills, reading will allow the students to obtain the information in order to produce literary works. Furthermore, in order to engage the students to read extensively, one of the ways that teacher can apply is creating a fun and joyful reading class. We should try to help the student to get the pleasure from reading so that they could engage in the reading class. This can be done by implementing various innovative reading strategies and one of them is DRTA (Directed-Reading-Thinking-Activity). This strategy will give chance for students to develop their ideas before actually start the reading. As it is also connected with the principle 4 (prediction is a major factor in reading). Predicting before reading will create active process of reading and interactive reading. Another way to engage the students is to choose good reading tasks. This is essential to choose the right kinds of questions and suitable reading activities for each stage (before, during, and after reading). Besides, the reading activities or tasks are also should be designed based on their level, the topic of text, its linguistics and activation potential. Therefore, the reading activity will not make the students bored and stressed. The second reading principle is encouraging students to respond the content of a text. During reading, it is also important for students to get the meaning and the message of the text. Thus, we should provide opportunities for students to respond the message of a certain topic. This is also could practice students to learn how to explore their feelings or ideas.

Additionally, an innovative reading strategy which will I assign later is the reading strategy which includes predicting and questioning on it. But, it also should be noted that the strategy should be based on students’ level and the purpose of reading activities like ER (Extensive Reading) or IR (Intensive Reading). This is also can be supported by the integration technology tools like Newsela, Reading Bear, and others authentic reading materials included in website like Jakarta Post, CNN, BBC News and ABC News.

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Reading is the process of getting meaning by the author trough medium of words or written language. Encourage students to read and provide them with the good quality material of reading. One of the technology that help in finding the good and intresting reading material with a good quality of picture is EPIC! This app helps to find resources for your reading activity and consists of many kinds of resources from a lot of author.

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Integrating Concept Cartoon and Pecha Kucha Presentation

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Integrating Concept Cartoon and Pecha Kucha Presentation

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Speaking is always believed to become the most important skill among those four skills, for it also supports 21st century learning expectation in terms of being communicative. There are principles teacher should consider in teaching speaking. Firstly, teacher needs to create a meaningful learning by providing students with authentic materials just like their daily activities. Next, teacher needs to create different context on their teaching so the students could develop their ideas in every context given. Teacher should ensure that students need to produce speech by emphasizing on sentence stress and intonation, deliver ideas sequentially, be confident, and consider the target of audience. Teacher should also avoid emphasizing on students’ mistake, since it is believed will demotivate the students in their learning. Last but not least, creating fun learning environment will be a good consideration to engage the students.

In my future class, the teaching strategy I will employ is using Concept Cartoon strategy. In this strategy, the students will be given a picture that they should critically think and state their opinion about it. It is not always the cartoon like animation, but it is more about a picture with a condition that students need to imagine themselves to be there. For example, there will be a picture about Natural disaster. Students need to describe the natural phenomena by explaining the examples, causes for each phenomenon, the effects, how to get rid of them, etc.

What about the technology integration? This strategy can be combined with the use of Pecha Kucha presentation. In applying the strategy integrated with Pecha Kucha, I will divide the students into groups (each group consist of 4-5. Since Pecha Kucha is designed to have 20 slides presentation, and 20 seconds each slide, the students need to organize their speaking ideas to be effective and could cover the whole topic in the time given. This is very challenging since the students will be able to speak by designated time which state about the points of their presentation, so it will not be time consuming.

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The principles of the specific ELT skill assigned to me is when I was in elementary school, the English teacher gave a word by word. They wrote on the whiteboard and I as a student try to write and listen to what they said. In my opinion, listening skill is important but the students should know the written form, how to speak, and how to answer. So, a teacher must enhance the students' love to listen to something.

For innovative learning, the teacher can use Duolingo. The use of technology in the classroom helps to engage the students with different stimuli and create a new environment for them. Duolingo has to use for students to listen to the word and sentences during they practice and answer the question in the application

Thank you

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One example of template chosen in Storybird

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Integrating POWERS Strategy with Storybird.

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Integrating POWERS Strategy with Storybird.

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Writing is a productive skill that enables students to have more chances to process languages. In order to make the reader of our writing understand and satisfied towards what we have written, the principles of good writing will be elaborated as follows:

- Using clear language: no need to impress the reader with unfamiliar dictions, make it more understandable so everyone can get the meaning easily.

- Presenting a good text construction which involves introduction, content, and conclusions. Thus, it will be systematically understandable

- Writing effectiveness matters, since we have to be straightforward to what we will present in our writing.

In terms of implementing innovative strategy in writing, I would like to apply ”POWERS” strategy to my future class, and this will be integrated with the use of Storybird, POWERS stands for :

Pre-write: in the pre-write, students are guided to choose the theme of their writing in the Storybird, because there has been various templates designed

Organize: They will organize their ideas toward the topic they choose.
Write: They will start writing the story directly in the Storybird

Edit: After they have finished writing, they will share the work to their friends to be peer-checked. It can be checked in terms of misspelled words, grammar, etc.

Revise: After being corrected, the student will start to revise.

Share: The  writing from Storybird will be compiled and shared to the whole class.

In my college (last undergraduate study), I had so much fun working with Storybird and I surely will apply this again to my future students. This is a great choice to combine both traditional strategy with technology that truly supports 21st century learning.

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Writing is another productive skill in language learning. If speaking needs a spontaneous response, writing gives the students time to think. It allows them to choose the appropriate language and even edit it if it is needed. In teaching writing, the teacher should pay attention to the genre, the writing process, and also writing habits. Before choosing the genre, the teacher should consider the level of the students and the goals of the writing itself. Then, start the writing process by "planning" to "editing." Engage the student in the learning activity to build their confidence. When they feel confident, they will find writing as an enthusiastic activity.

In my future class, I’d love to try the “Mindmeister” app. I have tried this before, especially in helping the students to improve their vocabulary. While using it, I was reading several sources stated that this app is a great app for writing. Therefore, I want to try and help the students to outline their idea before they start writing.

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Speaking
Speaking is one of the four skills in learning a language. It is called a productive skill. Students are expected to use the language as a means of expressing their ideas or thoughts. In teaching English, pronunciation is a crucial thing. Teachers are expected to teach the student how to pronounce the words correctly and select the appropriate word according to the proper setting. The point is: try to drill the students to practice their speaking as often as possible. It helps the students to speak fluently.

In my future class, I would like to use “FlipGrid.” This simple tool helps the students to hold a discussion by sending a short video to the audience. Besides, it is free and easy to access, so it will be helpful to engage the students in the class activity.

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Writing gives the opportunity for students to go through language processing compared when they do in speaking. Whether it is writing-for-learning or writing-for-writing, both carry the same importance. There are things teachers need to put their concerns to when they arrange writing tasks that are appropriate for their students. First, teachers must choose the appropriate genres that are actually needed by students in their daily life as well as can stimulate them to write. Second, teachers can involve students in the process of writing (drafting, reviewing, editing and more) so that they can produce good writings. The third is encouraging students’ writing habit by engaging them in enjoying writing activities that appropriate for them. Teachers need also note that when over-correction need to be avoided so that students would not be demotivated.

I’d love to implement a PBL in form of journaling utilizing a free word processing website called ‘quip’  which can also be accessed via mobile. Here, students can share the folder where they will put their journaling about every topic given by teacher (e.g. every meeting). In ‘quip’, teachers not only can give correction to students’ writing (every correction as well as who made the correction is recorded), teacher can also use chatting features which facilitated with GIFs and emojis so that teachers can give more fun encouragements to the students. Thank you

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Reading
Reading is another receptive skill that is the foundation of students’ writing skills. As English teachers, we have to encourage the students to read as often as possible. Try to engage the student in the reading activity. We may ask them about their feeling about the text. Whether they agree or not about the opinion stated in the text and so on. Let the students predict what comes next by giving them clues. It helps them to choose what books or texts to read.
In my future class, I would like to use “Rewordify” software. As I can see, this software helps students comprehend the text by simplifying it. It helps the students to build their new vocabulary. On the other hand, it will help the teachers save their time and teach the students efficiently.

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Listening
As an English teacher, I believe that every skill (listening, speaking, writing, and reading) is related to each other. As one of the receptive skills, listening is a foundation of students’ speaking skills. We couldn’t expect the students to speak when we never give them enough time to listen. Therefore, the basic principle of listening is “listen as often as possible.” When we have enough sources or knowledge of the language, it will help us to produce the language. that is why as a teacher I should provide the students with enough sources that let them listen to the target language (English) as often as possible. At a basic level, I usually start it by using English as a medium of instruction as often as I can. Let the students used to it. Then, before listening to an audio, “prepare the students to listen”. We may introduce first what’s the topic and let them see pictures or text to help them understand and imagine what will they have.
In my class, I usually use podcasts by the British council and also YouTube. YouTube helps them imagine what the speaker says by not only listening to the audio but also watching the video. So, the students have a good picture of what happened. At a higher level, I’ll use a podcast to make them focus on the audio and their imagination. For sure, different listening stages or levels needs different listening tasks or activities.

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TED Talks + TPS (Think-Pair-Share) for Advanced and Collaborative Listening

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TED Talks + TPS (Think-Pair-Share) for Advanced and Collaborative Listening

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Listening is one receptive skill that requires learners to recognize paralinguistic clues, including intonation, in helping them understand the meaning of what they listen to. In terms of the information, they have to grasp the audio content by listening to specific and general information. As a teacher, it is essential to facilitate learners in this skill by understanding the principles of listening as follows:

-  Students need to listen frequently, and it is because the more they listen, the better they will be in listening. The information in the audio content will be easily understood afterward.

-  Students need to be prepared for listening. Somehow, students will hardly catch the meaning, but when they are prepared with the material (picture, text, question, topic), they will predict the listening content.

- Listening should be done repeatedly because the first play recognizes the surface of the content, and the second play will understand the expected listening instruction.

- Students should be encouraged to give respond to what they have listened to. It is to determine whether they are really listening to the content and not just focus only on the language.

- Listening tasks should be set based on the listening stages. The teacher can do it by first providing audio explaining the general information and then moving to the specific ones. Along with these, the questions should be started from general and get more specific afterward.

Since my current teaching is not specifically English, I would like to elaborate on how my future listening class integrated with technology. In my future class, I will apply TPS (Think-Pair-Share) strategy which is done online (through Zoom) with TED Talks is the content source. Here are the steps:

-  Dividing students into groups (each consist of three)

- In the main room, we play TED Talks and listen all together and individually grasp the meaning

- Students are divided to the breakout room based on their groups to discuss

- After it is done, they will go back to the main room and share the answer to the whole class

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Project-based learning, as the name uses projects as a means of learning. It is a model that gives a chance for students to gain knowledge through a task or work in a form of investigating a problem or question in a certain period of time. This is student-centered learning yang encourage the students to explore real-world challenges and problems.

One example of an activity that can be done in project-based learning is creating a video presentation. The teacher can divide students into small groups and give each group different themes (ex: social media, newspaper, television, etc). Students then explore the theme such as its function, advantages, disadvantages, impact of its use, and so on. And they present the result in a form of an attractive video presentation. Other examples; making a campaign poster of authentic issues or writing an informative blog post about certain contents.

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The concept of problem-based learning is using problems as a means of learning. The essence of this model is not about learning to solve a problem, but it is learning through solving the problem. Problem-based learning can be said as a model where the students solve an authentic problem so that they can develop their knowledge, problem-solving skill, communication skill, and reasoning skill.

An example of an activity that can be applied by a teacher is by proposing a problem. Let's say the students are language education learners at the university level, the lecturer can show videos or cases regarding issues that occur in language learning (ex: lack of motivation, passive students, pronunciation problems, etc). Then the learners were assigned to investigate those problems like why the students do not engage in the learning? how the teacher can attract students into the learning? what activity can be designed to solve the problem? and others.

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Discovery learning is the technique of inquiry-based learning that provides opportunities for students to construct their own knowledge. The teacher's role is as a facilitator who does not give too much explanation, and students are guided to solve problems with multiple solutions.
Then inquiry-based learning more emphasizes questions, ideas, and student observations. The teacher's role is also facilitator, students actively ask questions and the teacher also guides with some questions.
Example of an activity that reflects discovery learning can be by integrating real-world problems and solving, so the students relate to the issue and apply their knowledge in real life.

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Speaking is important in language learnin proses as it can be a vehice for them to practice thhe elements of the language they have been learning. As I grow older, I realize that this is really making impact on how I see my sel as a language user. Even though I know about language sructure, the rules, the vocabulary, etc, but when I barerly put them into practice, it feels like I have a distance relationship with the language. The principles of teaching speaking skill include involving students in various structured seaking activity, preparing them before the speaking activity (e.g. discussion abou the topic), conceptualize the correcting strategies, and  considering how the teacher involve in students' speakin activity.

For the learning strategy, I'd love to apply blabberize for speaking skill. It would be perfect for speaking activity like role play and story telling where the students can utilize the characters they play or tell about and make it more interesting. It would also provoke their creativity. Thank you.

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In my opinion, the example of the idea of a good assessment for EFL students in Indonesian is Google Forms, because it is easy to use for the students. It can be used for high school students until university students. Based on my experience, sometimes other applications of the assessment like Kahoot! And Quizizz. The students did not focus to answer the question, it causes by the sound and time. It will be better to assess the student learning outcomes by using Google Forms.

Thank you

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Differentiated learning is learning tailored to the needs of students with the aim of maximizing the potential of each student.

The example that reflects the topic: as the students, they have their own knowledge. A half student is a fast learner while the other students are slow learners. So, a teacher should know the students’ needs.

If I as an EFL teacher to employ the topic in my classroom to make effective and meaningful learning. For example: during the learning process, the teacher should pay attention to the students and plan different students learning goals. The topic is about four skills (reading, speaking, listening, writing), the students can choose one of those skills to work in individually. At the end of the lesson, the teacher gives feedback on students' work.

Thank you

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Cooperative learning is a learning model that
prioritizes groups and they work the same in solving problems for using skills and knowledge in order to achieve learning objectives. While collaborative learning is learning that involves the participation of collectively related participants in a group.

The example that reflects the topic: the students are divided into a small group and each student should participate and be active in the learning process to build cooperative and collaborative learning.

If I as an EFL teacher to employ the topic in my classroom to make effective and meaningful learning. For example: in a small group consisting of four students. They try to discuss the topic given and try to solve the problem. The topic is related to anxiety. Through the learning process, they learn to work as a team and work together.

Thank you

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Project-Based Learning is a teaching method in which students acquire knowledge and skills over a long period of time to work and answer complex questions, problems, or challenges.

The example that reflects the topic: the teacher gives students homework to read one chapter in the book. In the classroom, in pairs, the students share an idea about what they learned in that chapter.

If I as an EFL teacher to employ the topic in my classroom to make effective and meaningful learning. For example the teacher plan and give the students project to make a video about one of the tourist attractions in a group. The teacher and students create a schedule, the teacher monitors the progress of the students' project, after the video is done, the teacher assesses it, and students tell their experience during doing the project.

Thank you

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Among 6 principles which are included in the book, I think all principles are important to be assigned in teaching listening. However, in my opinion, there are 3 principles which can become the main points in teaching listening and those 3 principles already covered all of the principles. The first principle is to help the students prepare to listen. This principle assigns to help the students to be ready in listening the material. It is important to do because they will concentrate on listening the material if they are ready. Preparing students to be ready in listening can be done by providing pictures, discussing the topic, and reading the questions. It will help the students to know what they will learn and predict what is coming. Thus, they can prepare their selves and be ready in listening class. Besides, this principle also can help the teachers to engage students in the learning process. The second principle is encouraging students to listen as often as much as possible. The more students listen, the more they better at listening. It is because they will easily understand some aspects like pronunciation, vocabulary, and language use in listening. Thus, this is related with the principle no 3 such as once may not be enough. In listening’s lesson, playing the audio once is not enough for the students to understand the topic. I think, in order to be able to comprehend and understand the audio, the students need to listen more than one. It is because at the first time, there might be some words or pronunciation that they cannot understand. Thus, it is better if we ask the students to focus and listen at the first time in listening. Then, for the second and third time, it is time for the students to pick up the things that they miss at the first time. This also can give a chance for the students to learn the language on audio given. The last principle is encouraging students to respond the content of listening. In my point of view, the goal of listening is to be able to comprehend the content of a listening. It is not about focusing on equipping students to practice the linguistics aspects only but in this 21st century, it is important to help the students get rich comprehension from the content. If we cannot understand the material means that the students could not get the knowledge of the listening. But, it is also depends on what are the focus of listening that we want to teach to students. For instance, focus on the content, detailed information, language use, vocabulary, or the pronunciation. Additionally, this is also connected with the principle 5, different listening stages, demand different listening tasks. Thus, as a teacher, it is significant to design the listening tasks based on students’ stages in listening. Therefore, the students can be good at listening.

The innovative strategy I would like to assign later in my listening class is a listening strategy which focuses on authentic materials like tv shows, news segments, podcasts, and etc. By providing authentic materials, the students can learn new information from listening in which they can apply it in their life situations. It also can rich their understanding of the content. Furthermore, the listening class that I will assign is the class which also integrating the technology. It can be done by providing the materials from many websites and application like TED Talks, VOA News, English Podcat in Spotify, Lyrics Training, and etc. Thus, the materials are also will be beneficial for the students since it is authentic materials and it also indirectly teach them that technology can be used to improve their listening skill too.

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Reading is one of the skills that students should master. The primary portion of the national examination is reading comprehension. Various types of English language tests are usually in the form of reading comprehension where students are given a variety of texts and given various kinds of questions to test their understanding of the contents in the text. I once got reading learning the same as learning in general, was given a text, then did the assignment from the text.
As a teacher, I expect that as much as possible I apply technology in my learning process. Especially for reading skills, I once taught reading by applying technology-based platforms, such as schoology. For now, I still want to implement schoology, and also I want to try implementing several other platforms such as google classroom, literacy cloud, newsela, etc. In the context of reading as usual I will give them some reading material and information, then I will ask them questions or ask them to summarize or review the reading material.

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Speaking is an important skill in English. Speaking is one of the most important skills to be mastered. Speaking is a productive skill because the learners need to produce language productively. As we know, speaking is known as a productive skill that is used as a communication tool through an oral form. I once received a lesson that emphasized speaking, at that time I was given a theme and within 2-3 minutes I spoke to give my views on the given theme. In addition, I was also given the Oray application to practice my speaking skills.
In the context of being a teacher in the future, I think that I will apply some technology in practicing speech, such as oray, flip grid, or make a video where students will explain something in the video. In addition, I also expect that in one class, students are divided into several groups and make mini-dramas with certain topics and the mini-dramas are recorded. In the recording, all students must have the same opportunity to speak.

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1. Language acquisition can be obtain from reading activity as well as to build vocabulary knowledge, especially for students. Just like listening, reading kinds include extensive and intensive reading and it is better that teacher could encourage both kinds of reading within the students. The principles of reading skills are: 1) students need to be encouraged to as often as possible whether it is intensive or extensive reading; 2) engaging students with what they are reading; 3) encouraging students to pay attention to the content of the text rather than merely focusing on the language structure in the text; 4) give students prediction in their reading activity as a hint so that they know what is coming; 5) matching the reading task with the topic in intensive reading texts which include also making the task interesting and exciting for students; lastly 6) making the best out of the text through implementing various task to get students more understand the text.

2. I think, digital news option will be good for students reading skill learning. Not only the reading text is authentic, up-to-dated news, especially those that attract their attention can lead students to have more pleasurable reading. Teacher could direct students to digital newspaper like Jakarta Post, CNN, or BBC news. Teacher can let students choose their own news and teacher provide guide track for the reading in form of questions or clue. Another activity from the same text, teacher can also give students task where they need to re report the news and tell the content of the news as reporter (role-play) which integrate it with speaking skill. Thank you.

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Writing is a productive skill which is that the students putting their idea into written forms.
for the innovative learning in my class for writing, I will use Web blog as a tools in teaching learning activity. which is in web blog the students can write and publish their idea in essay.

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Speaking is one the productive skills.
innovative learning that i would use is digital story and the students are expected to be able to retell the story. the students confident to speak in English. zoom, YouTube are the innovative apps that I'm gonna use.

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reading is one of the receptive skills. by reading the students could gain the information. the innovative learning is using digital story and digital library.

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Listening and speaking.
the integration of listening and speaking for the development of speaking skills.
The innovative learning is using YouTube and English listening and speaking apps.

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Example of a good assessment for EFL students in Indonesian for high school-university students are:
writing test(essay) using web-blog.
speaking test through make a video and upload it on apps such as e learning or Instagram.

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Technology integration framework that I'm interest to apply is Triple E. This framework is students centered which that the technology and the instructional strategies around the technology is helping to engage students in the learning goals, enhance students’ understanding of the learning goals, and extend students’ everyday connection to the learning goals.

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History of CALL that relevant to the 21 st century learning is integrative-Sosiocognitive- Sosioconstructive because the learning in 21 st century need to integrated with this history the teacher could integrated four skills in English which is speaking, reading listening and writing.

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Problem-based learning is a learning that involves problems and makes students to overcome these problems.

The example that reflects the topic is the problems that are happening in social media like bullying or catcalling. From that problems or issues, the students try to solve the problem with their opinions.

If I as an EFL teacher to employ the topic above in my classroom to make effective and meaningful learning. For example: during brainstorming, the teacher tries to give examples of the topic "bullying or catcalling" for the students in senior high school. If they already know about that point, the teacher asks the students to search about it. In pairs or groups, they try to solve the problems.

Thank you

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Discovery/Inquiry-based learning is learning activities that facilitate students to ask questions, conduct investigations, or experiments to research independently to get the knowledge they need.

The example that reflects the topic above such as the students think critically of the topic that is given by their teacher like the topic "what do you think of learning during the pandemic situation?". So, the students can investigate or observe their environment.

If I as an EFL teacher to employ this topic above in my classroom to make effective and meaningful learning. In my opinion, first of all, I will give the students of the video learning process during the pandemic situation in real life from YouTube and ask the students to watch and explore the video. After watching the video, the teacher tries to ask the question and students try to investigate.

Thank you

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1.      Listening is one of receptive skills in language. Through listening, English language learners are exposed with how the language is used including the appropriate pitch and intonation, stress, and the sounds of individual words as well as when the words are used together in speech. Listening can be separated into two kinds: intensive and extensive. Extensive listening means the listening students experience for pleasure which is out of the teaching and learning activity. Meanwhile, intensive listening is experienced by students in purpose of to learn the skills or to study the language. Listening could be experienced through recorded extracts as well as live listening. Principles of listening include: 1) encouraging students to listen as often & as much as possible; 2) made students ready to listen could be in showing pictures, discussing topic etc; 3) encourage students to listen more than once; 4) encourage students to respond to the content of what the listen; 5) differentiate the listening tasks for every listening stage; and 6) make the best out of the listening text.

2.      I am a fan of YouTube and want to utilize it in the learning strategy. Not only that YouTube is one of social media that almost every internet user knows, we can customize the content as we please. Whether we create our own content or surf through YT to find the best content for us, everything is possible. One of my favourite channel in YT is TEDXtalks which serves so many discussion about almost everything. In learning context, we can utilize this in some material for example ‘giving and asking opinion’ in high school context. First, we can direct them to the channel and let them find one video they really like in the channel. Then they are asked to give their opinion about the content of the videos. They can also use the video as well as the content in it as the topic of their conversation with their group which later they record and upload the video in YouTube. Thank you.

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The purpose of writing skill is to express an idea on the text, but when write an idea need to understand the structure of sentence such as grammar, and understand how to write the content on the text, in order the reader understand about the content.

Well, the technology that will employ to my students later is LMS or Padlet. In these applications I will ask my students to write an essay about something and they must write on these applications

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Speaking is the one important thing in English skill, because if the students or we only know theory about English without mastering speaking is complete. And the purpose of speaking is to communicate and express an idea to other; this is the main principle of speaking. But not all of the students have confidence to speak in English

Well, to improve speaking skill and the confidence, personally I apply story telling. And this strategy I employ in my class when I teach speaking skill. Here I ask my students to find out story that they want, and then I ask them to do story telling in front of class, but because now I teach online, so I ask my students to make video

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Writing is a productive skill. There are some principles of writing skills, such as using clear language, being concise, be objective, presenting the information in the most suitable way, revising & rewriting, and being specific about what you want the reader to do.
I plan to use Canva in my future writing class. In this platform, the student can create posters, presentations, infographics,
banners, or cards. In this case, the student will write a descriptive text, the topic will be describing a place. The students may decorate their writing since Canva has so many interesting templates.

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Since we are not the native speaker of English, writing becomes a very hard skill to be mastered by students as well. The grammar becomes the main problem along side with the limitation of the vocabulary mastery.
In teaching writing, there must be several principles to be applied, such as:
- make sure that the students will get enough time to conduct their writing. because writing is actually giving the chance to people to think deeper to what they want to say in writing than the spontaneous speaking.
- the guidance of teacher is really necessary, especially in the grammatical error check and also the diction or the word choices to deliver the idea.
- before the students can write anything, always encourage them to look for as many as they can resources related to their topic. this sounds complicated, but for junior high school students this can be simplify by using their handbook, or google it because their topic is usually quite general and easy to find.
- again, just like the other skills, this must be practiced continually and the students should be felt motivated to write. the teacher can give this motivation in the classroom or never let your students down when they ask for your help or consult to you.

The technology that can be used in writing is Google doc/form also padlet (this one I get from your class Mr. Hery, and I think is quite useful and fun to start the class as well)

in my teaching, after one section of online learning, I always give my student google form to be filled. I always want to know what they have learnt in the section, just like how you ask us to do the reflection in the LMS. I think this is also useful to encourage my students to write their understanding and, my expectation is, they will be challenged to understand and pay attention more to the material.

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Speaking is a productive skill. There are some principles of speaking skills. 1). Focus on fluency and accuracy (depending on lesson/activity objective). 2). Use intrinsically motivating techniques based on student goals and interests. 3). Use authentic language in meaningful contexts. 4). Provide appropriate feedback and correction. 5). Give students the opportunity to initiate oral communication. 6). Develop a speaking strategy.
Regarding the current situation, most of the learning process is conducted through online platforms. In this case, I plan to use the Zoom meetings app combined with storytelling to teach in my future speaking class. The student will do storytelling during virtual class in turn. The other students may give comments or feedback related to their performance.

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To me as a junior high school teacher, teaching speaking a huge challenge because the characteristic of my students is too shy to speak and try to express their opinion.
In teaching speaking, there are several principles that could be applied:
- give the students the chance to speak. Sometimes, the students could barely speak because they don't have the chance. So as teacher, we need to be able to give the chance to everybody to speak equally.
- encourage the students to express their opinion, that no matter their opinion is will not be judged wrong. Opinion is about idea, and whether it is wrong or right is the later matter.
- engagement between the speaker and listener is important. In the class, the teacher must emphasize the importance of eye contact during the speaking
- make sure that you have a certain point you want to say when you are speaking.
-Pronunciation is crucial, especially in english language learning. the wrong pronunciation will drive the different understanding and meaning, so this must be carefully said.

For my current and future class, I would love to do a case study to encourage my students to speak more. This has been done and in my point of view is quite effective to push the students to speak. I can conduct a zoom meeting or google meeting to do this as well. Other than zoom, so far I've asked my students to download duolingo application to help them perfecting their pronunciation in speaking because it also provide the test for it

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Reading is an important skill that needs to be mastered by all people, in my opinion, because by doing it, we can get a lot of information. Of course, a critical thinking will be important as well, because we must rinse which information is true or just a hoax.
However, in Indonesia, reading is not a habit yet. The students in my classroom for example, they always put their book closed on the table whenever I come to the classroom to teach. They will begin to open the book, when I give them the instruction to do it. So, this is a real phenomenon that I face everyday in the classroom where my students are not feeling motivated to read even though their teachers are not asking them.
In reading skill, there are some principles I always follow:
1. Always tell the students the importance of reading and it must be done continually, as often as they could. For me, simply I ask them to read at least a page of English LKS book every day, or a day before English lesson in the classroom.
2. Tell the students that reading is not merely read but also to understand what they read and also how to pronounce what they read. That's why, if I had to do reading class, then I will ask my students to read aloud to practice their speaking as well.
3. Interpretation is necessary in reading. Sometimes, the context may changes the meaning of the sentences.
4. Focus is the key. Thus, the students must not get interrupted or distracted by other things.
5. Communicate what the students read to everybody in the classroom to enhance their understanding about the text.

The technology that can be used in the reading skill comprehension is the website of news or text from the internet. I have not try to use any specific app to teach reading skill, in particular, but I usually send the link of news or text I wanted my students to read and ask them to tell about their opinion about the text.

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There are some principles in listening skill comprehension to be taught to the students, such as:
- The students must be prepared, focus and ready to listen, then teacher must prepare the situation of which the students can be ready for the listening. As for me, I usually give them a brainstorming in form of game (word chain), so they can prepare their ear and focus on what other people's say.
- I think it is rarely happen that students can understand something fully in English in one time section. Therefore, the teacher need to repeat or replay the record or what I am saying to make sure they understand.
- Teachers need to encourage the students to listen more and give reaction or responds to a speaker or a text in listening.
- Teachers must emphasize the non-verbal communication may affect the meaning of someone's utterance, so they must try to see the non-verbal communication sign, such as facial expression, gesture, and tone.
- Very important for the students to interpret what the meaning or idea of the sentences rather than the meaning of a word or every word in the sentence. Because idea is the key point and not the word meaning individually. So, this must be practiced a lot of time. one time will certainly not enough.

In my class, I usually use the strategy that is developed by Judi Brownell, that is HURIER which stands for :
-Hearing
-Understanding
-Remembering
-Interpreting
-Evaluating
-Responding

This is how I push my students to be more critical and focus in listening, because at the end, I always encourage them to give their response

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There are several primary things for teachers in teaching speaking. First, Be aware of the differences between second language and foreign language learning contexts. In a foreign language context, the target of the language is for communication tools in daily society while it is not for the foreign language learning context. Second, give students practice with both fluency and accuracy. Third, provide opportunities for students to talk in pairs or groups, and limit teacher talk. Fourth plan speaking tasks that involve negotiation for meaning. And also design classroom activities that involve guidance and practice in both transactional and interactional speaking.

Then about the strategy that I want to use especially the one that utilizes technology, probably facilitating storytelling activity using Blabberize could be a good strategy for teaching speaking or students also can speaking by pretending certain characters (can be public figures, heroes, someone at school, animal, etc). This seems to be fun and suitable for young learners also may reduce students' feelings of pressure and embarrassment when speaking.

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Reading skill has two main activities, namely reading aloud and reading comprehension. Both reading activities are important depending on their purposes in teaching activity. There are some principles of reading: 1). Encourage students to read as often and as much as possible. 2). Students need to be engaged with what they are reading. 3).  Encourage students to respond to the content of a text (and explore their feelings about it), not just concentrate on its construction. 4). Prediction is a major factor in reading. 5). Match the task to the topic when using intensive reading texts. 6).  Good teachers exploit reading texts to the full.
An innovative learning strategy in my future class, I plan to use ER Central since this is a complete site for teachers who are searching for texts to bridge the gap between most graded readers and texts for native speakers. In this case, the students are expected to have more fun during the learning activity and the teacher also will be easier to track the student's reading progress by using this site.

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Having a good writing ability is very beneficial for students; it can help the students to express their thought and feeling through written text. Some assessments have also required the skill of writing; therefore, it is necessary to improve the writing skill of the students.

Technology can play a wonderful role in improving students' ability in writing. What Mr. Hery do in providing the postgraduate program learning activity in Padlet inspire me a lot. Teachers can conduct a simultaneous roundtable technique by using Padlet since we are having online learning nowadays.

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1. The principle are Exposing students to different types of listening, The most common type of listening practice in many textbooks is listening to specific information. This usually involves capturing concrete information including name, time and so on. In addition it involves tasks such as identifying the main ideas, noting the sequence of events and so on.
2. The strategy I use in teaching listening is to give students a video story then students will observe and listen carefully to the video, after that students will rewrite what they have seen in the video story. It can be used to measure students' ability in listening to the extent to which students are able to understand the content in the video.

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Writing skill refers to the ability to communicate ideas, opinions, and feelings to others through the use of written communication. This ability is very important to be possessed by someone, especially students. As a student, I was taught to write in various ways, such as making a report, keeping a diary, writing articles, and so on.
When I become a teacher in the future, I expect that one of the ways I can teach writing to students is to give them the freedom to write whatever they want. I expect to give them creative writing on blogspot, or other platforms where students can be active in writing and not have any fear of writing because they are free to determine the ideas and topics they will write about.

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The principles of teaching reading are; 1) encourage students to read as often and as much as possible, 2) students need to be engaged with what they are reading, 3) encourage students to respond to the content of a text, and explore their feelings
about it, not just concentrate on its construction, 4) prediction is a major factor in reading, 5) match the task to the topic when using intensive reading texts, 6) good teachers exploit reading texts to the full (Harmer, 2007).

Regarding the innovative learning strategy which utilizes technology, I consider using News in Levels for teaching reading. The website is suitable for EFL learners. It provides news articles with abundant topics in which each of them has three different levels that can be chosen according to students' needs. There is a test that will measure at what level the learners are. It also provides questions for the daily news, audio support, and a skype section. So, it can integrate other skills too in the learning process.

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Mastering speaking skill can be the strong reason on being confident in speaking a foreign language. Furthermore, it really shows how good someone in using the foreign language.

There are many technique that can help students to be improved in their speaking skill. A simple way to engage the students to speak is through whatsapp group. Teacher and students can conduct whatsapp group discussion in which the teacher will give the students some topics and students can respond it through voicenote that is available on whatsapp. In the interview I did with a lecture in one of university in Denpasar, it shows that whatsapp group is one of effective way to conduct the discussion within the class. Students can express their opinion or thought through voicenote that doesn't need them to show their face during participating. It is one such factor that affect the willing of the students to participate in the classroom especially in speaking activities.

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Writing is one of the four skills in language learning. Writing is important since the information is trasmited through writing. Therefore, students should be able to produce coherent and cohesive paragraph. In 21st century learning, teacher can integrate technology to help student improve their writing skill. Further, I will ask students to create story using story jumper. It is web based platform that can be used to read and create digital story

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My personal viewpoint is to utilize the Canva app to help students improve their writing skills. Canva is an application that may be used to generate writing ideas and encourage students to be more creative while writing in English, as well as to enhance their writing skills. In addition, teachers may use Canva to develop materials and send feedback to students. This content is appropriate for usage in senior high school. Here, I taught student of take material “Greeting Cards” in functional text.

First, the teacher encourages the student to write about their previous experiences in Canva. Next, the teacher instructs the student on how to use the Canva app by providing a link in a WhatsApp group. The teacher explains the application's features, how to utilize it, and so on. The teacher next instructs the students to develop a design or to use the templates provided in the Canva app. Students are able to select any design or template they wish. This content is related to the greeting card material. If a student has done writing a greeting card, they must save their work and submit it to the teacher's Whatsapp.

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In my experience, I utilized the Orai app to recommend an appropriate tool for the purposes of teaching speaking, which in Orai app is an app for public speaking practice that uses artificial intelligence to help students talk more clearly, effectively, and confidently. The Orai app is simple to use, since it employs both demand speech and video artificial intelligence to give students with focused insight into the speech.

For instance:

The teacher provides students with descriptive text material in which they describe people, places, and things. Pupils were surprised at first since they seldom practice speaking English, where students lacked confidence, were fearful of making mistakes, and lacked vocabulary.

The teacher instructed the students to download the Orai app, which allows them to control their intonation when speaking in front of others. The teacher asked the students to prepare a 5-minute speech discussing a famous area in Bali, such as Ubud Village, Nusa Penida Island, or Melasti Beach.

Asked students to share their recording and screenshot as a consequence of describing a renowned location. During the meet study, the teacher invited the students to retell the story in the zoom meeting. This material allows teachers to evaluate student activity based on their confidence, pronunciation, fluency, and grammar structure (e.g. Simple Present Tense). The next day, the teacher assigns certain tasks such as describing "Your Dreams," describing the best experience in their lives, and so on.

This application, I believe, may stimulate students to make the teaching and learning processes more exciting. The students are able to gain confidence in speaking in front of others and regulate their tone.