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The Impact of Urbanization on Environmental  Quality

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The Impact of Urbanization on Environmental  Quality

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By: Amanda Valentin

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It is crucial to find ways in which our society can achieve economic and socially equitable growth without further cost to our environment. What are the benefits?
1) The reduction of congestion and improvement in human health.
2) Reduction in poverty. Intensive urban growth can lead to greater poverty, with local governments unable to provide services for all people.
3)Decrease in crime, prostitution, drug abuse and street children.

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Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas, the corresponding decrease  in the proportion of people living in rural areas, and the ways in which societies adapt to this change.
Urban areas could be considered towns, cities, and suburbs.
Urbanization began in ancient Mesopotamia in the Uruk Period (4300-3100 BCE).

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New York City, the city in which we live, is a great example of urbanization. Why..
-NYC has become one of the most expensive places to live in North America. According to T. Smith, there has been a major growth in New York City's increase of urbanization, in 2000 the extent was 922,717 hectares (compared to 2011s extent of 951,103 hectares) which means that urbanization is increasing by 3.1% since 1991 (extent of 688,875 hectares.)

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-The construction of buildings and roads gives rise to deforestation which results in erosion and changes in the quality of the land.
-Diminished Water Quality. When more pollutants are produced in urban settings, the watersheds lose the ability to hold and retain water because of the increase in impervious surfaces.
-The change in atmospheric temperatures are creating changes to our water cycle.
-There is an increase in energy demand throughout our communities. There is an ongoing reorganization of farms into larger and more efficient units, which means an increase of productivity in rural areas.

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How are Scientists tackling this issue? 

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How are Scientists tackling this issue? 

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-Since urbanization is believed to have a powerful impact on our environment, scientists and policymakers are implementing these methods:
1) Promoting economic development and job creation.
2) Increasing the number of urban studies. Scientists believe that due to an increase on urbanization trends, there is a growing urgency to understand the wider impacts of these trends.
3) Reducing air pollution by upgrading energy use and alternative transport systems.
4) Creating private-public partnerships to provide services such as waste disposal and housing.

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There are positive and negative effects of urbanization on our environment? 

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There are positive and negative effects of urbanization on our environment? 

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Positives-
1)Convenience
2)Better Education
3)Housing
4)Convenience
Negatives-
1) Pollution
2)Overcrowding
3)Decline in Rural Areas
4)Cost of Living is higher
5) Health-related issues due to poor water and air quality

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-Industrial Growth
-Employment
-Social Factors
- Economic Problems
- Political Turmoil
-Modernization