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Christopher Columbus landing on the island of Hispaniola 

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Christopher Columbus landing on the island of Hispaniola 

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Christopher Columbus landed on the island of Hispaniola on December 5, 1492. Upon landing on Hispaniola, Columbus and his crew member encountered the Tanio people( The indigenous) He noted that their hospitality and the resources. In particualr, Columbus was impressed by the Taino's welcoming nature, expressing admiration for their generosity and willingness to share food and resources with his crew member. He observed their agricultural practices, which included the cultivation of cassava, yams, and other crops essential for their diet. ( first permanent settlement)

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Christopher Columbus landing on the island of Hispaniola

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16th century: The Spanish colonizers exploit the natural resources of Hispaniola, including gold mining. They begin to enslave the indigenous Taíno population for labor.

Population Decline: Due to harsh working conditions, violence, and diseases introduced by Europeans, the Taino population quickly declines, leading to a heavy abor shortage

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Early 17th Century: French privateers and traders begin to settle in the western part of Hispaniola, engaging in agriculture and trade.

1660: After ongoing conflicts and negotiations, the French officially gain control of the western third of Hispaniola following the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697, establishing the colony of Saint-Domingue

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18th century- saint Domingue becames one of the richest colonies in the America scale. Primarily due to the sugar plantation economy. The demand for sugar in Europe leads to increased imports of enslaved Africans.

Slave Trade: The transatlantic slave trade soon becames the backbone of the colony's economy, with hundreds of thousands of enslaved Africans brought to work on sugar plantations.

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Plantation Hierarchy: The social structure of Saint-Domingue is highly stratified, with white plantation owners (grand blancs), free people of color (gens de couleur), and enslaved Africans at the bottom.

Rising Tensions: As the wealth of the colony rises, so do tensions between different social classes, particularly between the enslaved population and the plantation owners.