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According to legend, twin brothers Romulus and Remus founded Rome on the banks of the Tiber River. Romulus became the first king of Rome, establishing the foundation for what would become one of the greatest empires in history.

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509 BC: Establishment of the Roman Republic

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509 BC: Establishment of the Roman Republic

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The last Etruscan king, Tarquinius Superbus, was overthrown, and the Roman Republic was established. This new system of government, with elected officials and a Senate, would last for nearly 500 years.

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Rome fought a series of three wars against Carthage, a powerful city-state in North Africa. These conflicts, known as the Punic Wars, resulted in Rome's dominance over the Western Mediterranean.

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Julius Caesar led a series of military campaigns in Gaul (modern-day France and Belgium), greatly expanding Rome's territory and influence in Western Europe.

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27 BC: Augustus Becomes First Roman Emperor

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27 BC: Augustus Becomes First Roman Emperor

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After years of civil war following Julius Caesar's assassination, Octavian (later known as Augustus) became the first Roman Emperor, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire and the Pax Romana.

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Emperor Claudius ordered the invasion of Britannia, expanding the Roman Empire to include much of present-day England and Wales.

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Cleopatra Egypt Tours, Nazlet El-Semman, Al Haram, Egypt

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48-49BC Julius Caesar was a statesman and general who helped Rome move from a republic to an Empire. He and Cleopatra formed a relationship outside their marriages and produced a child, Caesarian in 46BC. Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44BC. Closely followed Cleopatra passed away, along with their son Caesarian.

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cleopatra, julius caesar and their son Caesarian

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Colosseum, Piazza del Colosseo, Rome, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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72-80AD Colosseum, Piazza del Colosseo, Rome, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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72-80AD Colosseum, Piazza del Colosseo, Rome, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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Watch the video to learn more!

The Colosseum is one of the most iconic symbolic structures of the Roman Empire. This building was used as a stage for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles. It was often also used for the executions of criminals. Sometimes, Romans fought exotic wild animals. What does Google say was an animal fought in the Colosseum?

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Inside the Colosseum - Rome's Most Iconic Landmark

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117 AD: Roman Empire at its Greatest Extent

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117 AD: Roman Empire at its Greatest Extent

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Under Emperor Trajan, the Roman Empire reached its maximum territorial extent, spanning from Britain in the northwest to Egypt in the southeast, and from the Atlantic Ocean to the Euphrates River.

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476 AD: Fall of the Western Roman Empire

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476 AD: Fall of the Western Roman Empire

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Romulus Augustulus, the last Western Roman Emperor, was deposed by the Germanic chieftain Odoacer. This event is traditionally considered the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the end of Ancient Rome.

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If we look at Italy more closely, we can see that the Tiber River flows through Rome and the northern parts of the country. This river helped protect Rome from neighboring regions, like Austria and Gaul (modern-day France), making it harder for enemies to attack the city. The Tiber River was essential for Rome, providing its citizens drinking water and crop irrigation. This reliable water source supported agriculture, helping the city grow and thrive. The river played a key role in the daily life of Romans, ensuring they had the resources they needed to live and sustain their community.

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Palatine Hill, Rome, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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Palatine Hill, Rome, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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Palatine Hill, Rome, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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One of 7 hills which naturally protected Italy from invaders or possible threats from neighboring regions. This hill was also where Romulus and Remus were first found. Other hills include: Aventine, Capitoline, Quirinal, Viminal, Esquiline, and Caelian.