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Learning Objectives:

1. To explore the structure of a formal report.

2. To exemplify the structural elements of a report

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Starter: Match the titles to their corresponding overviews

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Starter: Match the titles to their corresponding overviews

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In groups,

1. You will have 5 minutes to match the report titles with their corresponding overviews.

2. Extension: Can you work together to come up with an overview for the following titles:

Improving Recycling in Schools

The Benefits of Physical Education

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iGCSE First Language English - How to write a formal report (Non-fiction writing)

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A formal report has 4 main structural elements:

1. Title

2. Overview

3. Body paragraphs

4. Recommendations

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The Title is the first part of a formal report and should be clear, concise, and informative. It immediately tells the reader what the report is about.

Example Titles:

"The Impact of Social Media on Teenagers"

"Reducing Waste in Schools: A Practical Approach"

"Annual Review of School Sports Day Activities"

Tip:
Use keywords that directly reflect the topic or issue addressed in the report to create a strong, impactful title.

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In this activity, you will attempt to write titles for the following scenarios:

Scenarios:

1. Scenario 1:
A report analyzing the environmental impact of single-use plastics in urban areas, discussing waste reduction initiatives and proposing community-based solutions.

Hint: Consider keywords like “Single-Use Plastics,” “Environmental Impact,” “Urban Waste,” “Community Solutions.”

2. Scenario 2:
A report reviewing the effects of school-based physical education on student well-being and academic performance, including research data and program recommendations.

Hint: Focus on words like “Physical Education,” “Student Well-being,” “Academic Impact,” “School Programs.”

3. Scenario 3:
A report on the challenges and strategies for implementing remote learning in rural areas, covering internet access issues, resource availability, and teacher training.

Hint: Keywords to consider: “Remote Learning,” “Rural Education,” “Access Challenges,” “Implementation Strategies.”

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Reducing the Environmental Impact of Single-Use Plastics in Urban Areas

The Benefits of Physical Education on Student Well-being and Academics

Overcoming Barriers to Remote Learning in Rural Communities

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An introduction of a formal report provides a brief summary of the report’s purpose, scope, and key points. It sets the context and outlines what the report will cover, preparing the reader for the information that follows.

It should be:

Simple

Short

Snappy

Avoid going into the details because you will be covering them in the body paragraph.

Example:

Title: The Impact of Social Media on Teenagers

Overview:

This report examines the influence of social media on teenagers, focusing on how it affects behavior and mental health. It analyzes data from recent studies and proposes solutions to mitigate negative impacts.

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Write an overview for the following titles:

1. Title: Improving Recycling Programs in Schools

2. Title: The Benefits of Extracurricular Activities on Student Development

3. Title: Reducing Food Waste in School Cafeterias

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Structural Element 3: Body Paragraphs (with Subheadings)

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Structural Element 3: Body Paragraphs (with Subheadings)

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The Body is the main part of the report, organized with subheadings to divide different sections or topics. Each paragraph under a subheading should provide detailed information, analysis, and evidence relevant to that section.

Organize the body with clear subheadings to help the reader navigate through the information, and keep each section focused on one aspect of the report topic.

Example of one body paragraph

Subheading: Increased Screen Time and Teen Mental Health

The rise in social media use among teens has impacted their mental health significantly. Studies show that 70% of teens are on social media daily, with 45% online almost constantly (Pew Research Center, 2023). This high screen time is linked to anxiety and depression, with teens who spend over three hours on social media being 40% more likely to experience mental health issues (American Psychological Association, 2022). “We’re seeing more teens anxious due to constant social media use,” notes Dr. Lisa Chang, an adolescent psychologist.

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The Recommendation section concludes the report by suggesting actions or solutions based on the information presented. It should be logical, achievable, and directly related to the analysis in the body of the report.

Example:
It is recommended that schools implement digital literacy programs to educate students on managing social media use effectively. Additionally, parents should be encouraged to set guidelines for social media usage at home to promote a healthy balance between online and offline activities.

Tip:
Make recommendations specific and actionable, so the reader clearly understands the steps that could address the issues raised in the report.

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Report Summaries and Findings

1. Summary: Improving Physical Activity Among Students

Findings: The report reveals that over 60% of students are not meeting the recommended daily physical activity levels. It identifies a lack of interest in traditional sports, insufficient physical education time, and limited access to exercise facilities as barriers.

Group Task: Suggest 2-3 recommendations to increase physical activity levels among students.

2. Summary: Reducing Single-Use Plastic in School Cafeterias

Findings: The report finds that a high volume of single-use plastic items, such as cutlery and cups, are used daily in the school cafeteria. It suggests that plastic waste could be significantly reduced with more sustainable practices, but there is currently no recycling program in place.

Group Task: Propose 2-3 actionable recommendations to reduce plastic waste in the cafeteria.

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Write two new things you have learned and one thing you want to know more about

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Learning Objectives:

1. To write a report

2. To peer assess written work

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Without referring back to your book, list the 4 main structural elements of a formal report.

How is it different from newspaper reports?

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We will practice writing body paragraphs alongside the actual report.

To get us started, write the following notes:

Body paragraph includes:

1. Details of what happened

2. Facts and statistics

3. Subheadings and topic sentences

4. Quotes from eye witnesses (if there were any)

Example:

Subheading: Increased Screen Time and Teen Mental Health

The rise in social media use among teens has impacted their mental health significantly. Studies show that 70% of teens are on social media daily, with 45% online almost constantly (Pew Research Center, 2023). This high screen time is linked to anxiety and depression, with teens who spend over three hours on social media being 40% more likely to experience mental health issues (American Psychological Association, 2022). “We’re seeing more teens anxious due to constant social media use,” notes Dr. Lisa Chang, an adolescent psychologist.

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Imagine you have been asked to write a report on the mystery so far. The purpose of the report is to clearly set out the background and events of Wilson's interaction with the League, and any theories you have to make suggestions about things that need to be investigated further.

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Use the marking rubric with a clear success criteria to write your report.

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Keenly use the mark scheme to mark the report written by your partner. Be careful to check all the elements of a report providing detailed feedback.

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What’s happening here?

Think beyond what you see and infer details about the scene, such as why the figure is there, what their purpose might be, or what emotions are conveyed.

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Inference: Using clues from the text to arrive at a conclusion based on what isn’t explicitly stated.

Deduction: Logical reasoning based on the information presented to reach a specific conclusion.

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Inference: She looked out the window and sighed. She touched the picture frame gently.

– Inference: She might be missing someone.

Deduction: The clock shows 5 pm, and the sun is setting.

– Deduction: It’s wintertime (assuming the location is in a temperate zone).

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What might be inferred from someone sighing while looking at a photo?

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Excerpt from A Study in Scarlet

Text:
"Holmes took out his magnifying glass and began to examine the doorway with care. There were small flecks of mud scattered about the floor. ‘The man who entered here last night wore large, heavy boots and came from the country,’ he murmured."

Guiding Questions:

Inference: Why does Holmes believe the man was from the country?

Deduction: What details support Holmes's deduction about the boots and the time of entry?

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You will be provided with two texts. Read the texts keenly and provide the inference and deductions