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Warsaw was the heart of Jewish culture in Poland until the Nazi's ordered that Warsaw was to be turned into a Ghetto. The Ghetto was sealed to prevent an ounce of food from getting in or out.

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After 63 days, the Poles—out of arms, supplies, food, and water—were forced to surrender. In the aftermath, the Nazis deported much of Warsaw's population and destroyed the city. With protestors in Warsaw out of the way, the Soviets faced little organized opposition in establishing a communist government in Poland.

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Pictured is Wanda Katarzyna Szymeczko a Jewish child in hiding at a Catholic orphanage under a false name.

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Joest's original caption reads: "Then the grave was covered over with earth. Alongside were the graves of rich families, their well-kept tombstones engraved with Hebrew and Latin lettering, describing the dead."

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Sites you can use to research the Warsaw Ghetto include 

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Sites you can use to research the Warsaw Ghetto include 

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Holocaust Encyclopedia | United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (ushmm.org)

The Warsaw Ghetto Table of Contents (jewishvirtuallibrary.org)

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising - HISTORY

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With the Ghetto being sealed off their food was very scarce. The inhabitants were said to have lived on 180 grams of bread a day, 220 grams of sugar a month, 1 kg of jam, and 1/2 of honey, etc. It was calculated that the officially supplied rations did not cover even 10 percent of normal requirements. If one had really tried to restrict themselves to the rations the entire population of the Ghetto would have died in a very short amount of time.

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People being forcibly removed by police in the Warsaw Ghetto. The widely circulated photo of the capitulating boy, forever nameless, serves as an icon of children murdered during the Nazi genocide. So too it reminds us of the fragility of life and human rights.

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“I do not ask for any thanks, for any memorial, for any praise. I only wish to be remembered.... I wish my wife to be remembered, Gele Sekstein.... I wish my little daughter to be remembered. Margalit is 20 months old today.... She too deserves to be remembered.”
-Israel Lichtenstein (Survivor)

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On April 19, 1943, the Warsaw ghetto uprising began after German troops and police entered the ghetto to deport its surviving inhabitants. The Warsaw Ghetto uprising was the largest uprising by Jews during World War Two and the first significant urban revolt against German occupation in Europe. By May 16, 1943, the Germans had crushed the uprising and deported surviving ghetto residents to concentration camps and killing centers.

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Born in Warsaw, Poland, Ben Meed (1918-2006) was in business school when World War Two erupted. Within a short time, he was living in the Warsaw ghetto and working as a slave laborer. Recruited into the underground by his future wife Vladka, whom he met in the midst of the war, he was responsible for rescuing ghetto fighters and finding and building hiding places for them. Ben and Vladka were among those Jews on the "Aryan" side of the ghetto wall who distributed the April 23, 1943, appeal from the Jewish Fighting Organization.

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Jewish resistance fighters who were captured by SS troops during the Warsaw ghetto uprising. Warsaw, Poland, April 19-May 16, 1943.
The original German caption of this photo reads: "These bandits offered armed resistance."

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A building burns during the suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising

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A building burns during the suppression of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising

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The photograph was taken through the window of a building adjacent to the ghetto. Warsaw, Poland, May 1943.

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Jews captured during the Warsaw Ghetto uprising

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Jews captured during the Warsaw Ghetto uprising

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The Ghetto was demolished by Germans in May of 1943 after the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising had temporarily halted the deportations.