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Task 5: Watch the video and then answer the Questions. Self-mark using a purple pen.

1. How many seconds does it take for an object travelling at 5 m/s to travel 200 m?
Time = distance ÷ speed
= _______m ÷   _____m/s
= _______ s

2. How many metres does an object moving at 8 m/s for 40 s travel?
distance = speed x time
= _________x __________
= _________m

3. What is the speed (in m/s) of an object that travelled 600 m in 6 s?
Speed = distance ÷ time
= _________m ÷  ________s
= __________ m/s

4. distance ÷ speed = _____________

5. Calculate the speed of the object between 0 m and 100 m when the object takes 3 s to travel from start to finish.
Speed = distance ÷ time
= _________ ÷  ________
= __________ m/s

7. How many metres does an object moving at 5 m/s for 20 s travel?
distance = speed x time
= __________x __________
= ____________m

8. distance ÷ time = ____________

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1. This graph shows the distance Aidan travelled on a bike ride. During which section did Aidan move fastest?

A

B

C

D

2. Calculate Aidan's speed at A.
Speed = distance ÷ time
= _________ ÷  ________
= __________ m/s

3. At B, Aidan stopped at a traffic light between 20 to 30 seconds. How long did he stop? ____________ seconds.

4. At D, Aidan stopped again between 35-45 seconds. How long did he stop? _____________ seconds.

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1. How many seconds does it take for an object travelling at 5 m/s to travel 200 m?
Time = distance ÷ speed
= 200m ÷  5m/s
= 40 s

2. How many metres does an object moving at 8 m/s for 40 s travel?
distance = speed x time
= 8 x 40
= 320m

3. What is the speed (in m/s) of an object that travelled 600 m in 6 s?
Speed = distance ÷ time
= 600m ÷  6s
=100 m/s

4. distance ÷ speed = time

5. Calculate the speed of the object between 0 m and 100 m when the object takes 3 s to travel from start to finish.
Speed = distance ÷ time
= 100 m ÷  3 s
= 33.3 m/s

7. How many metres does an object moving at 5 m/s for 20 s travel?
distance = speed x time
= 5 x 20
= 100m

8. distance ÷ time = speed

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Answers 2 - Interpreting distance-time graph

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Answers 2 - Interpreting distance-time graph

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1. This graph shows the distance Aidan travelled on a bike ride. During which section did Aidan move fastest

C      (steepest gradient on the line graph)

2. Calculate Aidan's speed at A.
Speed = distance ÷ time
= ___2m______ ÷  __20s______
= ___0.1_______ m/s

3. At B, Aidan stopped at a traffic light between 20 to 30 seconds. How long did he stop? _____10_______ seconds.

4. At D, Aidan stopped again between 35-45 seconds. How long did he stop? _____10________ seconds.

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Year 8x Wednesday 30th NovemberP1&2

Year 8y Tuesday 29th November P3&4

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1. Watch the short video clips (optionally you could also bullet point key information). (5 mins)

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1. Watch the short video clips (optionally you could also bullet point key information). (5 mins)

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Task 1:  Watch the video. Copy and complete the sentences. Self-mark using a purple pen.

vocal chords
a vacuum
longitudinal
vibrations
solids

1. Sound waves travel quickest through ____________
2. You create sounds by vibrating your ____________ __________
3. Sound waves are caused by _____________
4. Sound cannot travel through _________________
5. Sound waves are _________________

Use the video:
6. The speed of sound in air is ___________ m/s.
7. Sound travels slowest through ______________

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Task 1: Watch the video and then answer the Questions. Self-mark using a purple pen.

contact
non-contact
air
push

A force is a _________ or a pull.

Some forces act when you are touching something. This is a ____________ force. Friction and ______resistance are contact forces.

The force of ______________ acts on a tennis ball travelling through the air. The Earth pulls the ball down even though it is not touching it. Gravity is a ________________ force. The force between magnets is another non-contact force.

Follow up questions

1 . Contact or Non-Contact Force: Forces that act between two objects that are physically touching each other.

2 . Contact or Non-Contact Force: Forces that act between two objects that are not physically touching each other.

3 . Contact or Non-Contact Force: Gravitational forces

4 . Contact or Non-Contact Force: Magnetic forces

5 . Contact or Non-Contact Force: Air Resistance

6 . Contact or Non-Contact Force: Frictional forces

7 . Contact or Non-Contact Force: Electrostatic forces

8 . What are all forces measured in?

9 . Also known as a spring balance, which instrument can be used to measure forces?

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Select the correct options to fill the blank spaces.

Light travels from __________ and is detected by __________.

a light source

our eyes

the Sun

a TV

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Task
Copy these sentences, choosing the correct bold words.

The Sun is luminous/non-luminous because it emits/transmits light. The light reflects/transmits off an object that is luminous/non-luminous into your eye so that you see it. Most objects do not transmit light; they are translucent/opaque.

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Copy and complete
When light reflects off the surface of a mirror, the angle of incidence is __________ the angle of reflection.

equal to

greater than

less than

Answer the questions:
1. What is the angle of incidence if the angle of reflection equals 44°?

2. What is the angle of incidence if the angle of reflection equals 60°?

3. What is the angle of reflection if the angle of incidence equals 45°?

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Make sure that you are able to draw and label this diagram.

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Reflection: Does sound travel faster in solids, liquids, or gases?

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Reflection: Does sound travel faster in solids, liquids, or gases?

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Why is this the case?

Hint: Think about the arrangement of particles in these three states.

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Copy and complete the sentence
A white surface looks white because it. . .

absorbs all of the colours of light that shine on it.

reflects all of the colours of light that shine on it.

reflects white light but absorbs all of the other colours that shine on it.

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Copy and complete the sentence
A black surface looks black because it . . .

absorbs all of the colours of light that shine on it.

reflects all of the colours of light that shine on it.

reflects black light, but absorbs all of the other colours that shine on it.

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Copy and complete the sentence

A green surface looks green because it . . .

absorbs all of the colours of light that shine on it.

reflects all of the colours of light that shine on it.

reflects green light but absorbs all of the other colours that shine on it.

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8 - Coloured light on coloured objects (higher tier)

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8 - Coloured light on coloured objects (higher tier)

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Sort the words into the correct order to complete the sentences.

In white light, a red apple appears __________ and a green pear appears __________. In red light, the red apple still appears red, but the green pear appears __________. This is because the red light is __________ by the green pear, so no light is __________.

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Task 3: Watch the video and then answer the following questions. Self-mark using a purple pen.

1. More or Less: Is air more or less dense than glass?

2. Away or Towards: Will light bend away or towards the normal when light enters a more optically dense material?

3. What is the region between one material and another material called?

4. What is the angle between the refracted ray and the normal called?

5. True or False: The incident ray is the ray that exits the boundary into a different material.

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Select the correct options to fill the blank spaces.

Light travels from a light source and is detected by our eyes.

a light source

our eyes

the Sun

a TV

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1. Sound waves
2. Light & drawing ray diagrams; Properties of waves
3. Forces
4. Speed and motion graphs

5. Plotting graphs and drawing tables

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2. Answer the follow up Questions in full sentences.

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2. Answer the follow up Questions in full sentences.

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Task 2A: Copy and complete the sentences

loud             ranges             high-pitched          oscilloscope

an __________________ shows a representation of a sound wave as a transverse wave

a _________ sound has a bigger bigger amplitude

a _______________ sound has a higher frequency

different animals have different hearing ____________.

Task 2B: Sort the following actions into groups describing whether it

changes pitch or

changes loudness.

1. Pluck a shorter harp string

2. Hit a drum softer

3. Use a mute in a trombone

4. Tighten a drum skin

5. Loosen a guitar string

6. Blow a trumpet harder

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Task 2: Copy and complete the sentences

particles
drag
roughness
friction

_____________ is the force between surfaces. It increases with the ______________ of a surface

water resistance and air resistance are __________ forces

drag forces occur as an object moves through substances, pushing _________________ out of the way.

Questions

1. True or False: When an object moves through the air it will collide with air particles and speed up

2. State the name of the force that causes objects moving through air to slow down.

3. True or False: When an object moves through the air it will collide with air particles and slow down

4. State the name of the shape of objects that have been designed to reduce the effects of drag.

5. State the name of the force that exists between your foot and the ground, which allows you to move.

6. True or False: A moving object slows down due to the frictional forces

7. True or False: Friction will cause an object to eventually stop.

8. State the name of the force that causes objects moving through water to slow down.

9. State the name of the substance that reduces friction between two surfaces

10. State the name of the force that causes object moving through water or air to slow down.

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The Sun is luminous because it emits/transmits light. The light reflects off an object that is non-luminous into your eye so that you see it. Most objects do not transmit light; they are opaque.

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Word bank: absorbed      reflect           dissipate

Dissipation - to spread out and reduce

Sound waves eventually ______________.

Sound waves can be ____________ by softer materials such as foam.

Sound waves can also _____________ from harder surfaces and create an echo

Optional extension task:
Design 2 different rooms. For each, consider the materials and structure of the walls

Room 1: A concert hall

Room 2: A recording studio

High Challenge: for each, explain the choice of material for the walls

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Task 3: Watch the video and then answer the Questions. Self-mark using a purple pen.

Gap-fill activity:

Echolocation          Ultrasound           Echoes

___________ are sound reflections from hard surfaces

echoes can be used to work out where nearby objects are. This is __________________.

______________ is a sound that is too high for human hearing.

Copy and complete the sentences on echoes and ultrasound by matching the halves.

1. Echolocation can be used to...
2. Soft materials can be used to...
3. Ultrasound is...
4. Dolphins and whales use ultrasound to...
5. Echoes are...
6. A medical use of ultrasound is...

Choose from the following:

reduce echoes.

measure distances.

communicate.

sound that is too high pitched for humans to hear.

scanning unborn babies.

reflected sound waves.

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5 - Extend: Detecting sound - watch video

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5 - Extend: Detecting sound - watch video

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Copy and complete:
nerve         canal            waves           electrical            drum

Our ears detect sound ____________ and turn them into signals for our brains.

Sound waves enter the ear, travel through the ear __________ and cause the ear__________ to vibrate. These vibrations travel through the inner ear to the auditory ____________, where _____________ impulses are sent to the brain.

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3. Self-mark using a purple pen. (the answers are at the bottom of each columns)

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3. Self-mark using a purple pen. (the answers are at the bottom of each columns)

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Task 3: Complete the explanations by selecting the correct words.

Forces are balanced when they are ______________________.

the same size

different sizes

and acting in the  ____________ direction.

opposite

same

They are said to be in ______________.

driving

equilibrium (equal)

When forces on an object are balanced there is __________________ in speed or direction.

a change

no change

An object __________ be moving whilst experiencing balanced forces.

can

cannot

Forces are unbalanced when they are ___________sizes.

different

similar

Extend:

1 . If a car is moving and the resultant force is 0 N, the car is moving at a _______ speed.

2 . If a car is moving and there is a resultant force acting on the car in a forwards direction, the car will ____________.

3 . Calculate the resultant force: The forwards driving force of the car is 2000 N and the oppositional frictional forces acting on the car are 1000 N.

4 . Calculate the resultant force: The forwards driving force of the car is 3000 N and the oppositional frictional forces acting on the car are 1000 N.

5 . Calculate the resultant force: The forwards driving force of the car is 2000 N and the oppositional frictional forces acting on the car are 2000 N.

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Hooke's Law                     reaction             stretch

forces can compress or ____________ objects

solids provide a support force when a force is applied, called the _______________

if an object's extension doubles when you double the force, the object obeys ___________________________.

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4. Put a star next to the idea or question you got wrong. This is the gap in your knowledge that you need to work on. 

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4. Put a star next to the idea or question you got wrong. This is the gap in your knowledge that you need to work on. 

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1 . Which organ does the body use to detect sound waves?

2 . Which part of the ear is a thin membrane?

3 . Which part of the ear converts vibrations into nerve impulses?

4 . Which part of the ear takes the electrical impulses to the brain?

5 . In which part of the ear are vibrations happening in a gas?

6 . In which part of the ear are vibrations happening in a liquid?

7 . After the outer part of the ear and before the tiny ear bones, vibrations are happening in a solid - what part of the ear is it?

8 . After the eardrum and before the cochlea, vibrations are happening in a solid - what part of the ear is it?

9 . What are sound waves converted into inside the cochlea?

10 . What is sound intensity measured in?

11 . What is the symbol of decibels?

12 . How many times does an increase of 10dB increase the sound intensity?

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1. Sound waves travel quickest through solids.
2. You create sounds by vibrating your vocal chords.
3. Sound waves are caused by vibrations.
4. Sound cannot travel through a vacuum.
5. Sound waves are longitudinal.
Use the video:
6. The speed of sound in air is _____340______ m/s.
7. Sound travels slowest in ______air/gas________

Keypoints:

the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s

sounds travel by vibrations from one particle to another

sound waves travel fastest in solids and slowest in gases.

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Task 2A - Key ideas

an oscilloscope shows a representation of a sound wave as a transverse wave

a loud sound has a bigger bigger amplitude

a higher-pitched sound has a higher frequency

different animals have different hearing ranges.

Task 2B
1. Pluck a shorter harp string - changes pitch

2. Hit a drum softer - changes loudness

3. Use a mute in a trombone - changes loudness

4. Tighten a drum skin - changes pitch

5. Loosen a guitar string - changes pitch

6. Blow a trumpet harder - changes loudness

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A force is a push or a pull.

Some forces act when you are touching something. This is a contact force. Friction and air resistance are contact forces.

The force of gravity acts on a tennis ball travelling through the air. The Earth pulls the ball down even though it is not touching it. Gravity is a non-contact force. The force between magnets is another non-contact force.

Follow up questions

1 . Contact: Forces that act between two objects that are physically touching each other.

2 . Non-Contact Force: Forces that act between two objects that are not physically touching each other.

3. Non-Contact Force: Gravitational forces

4. Non-Contact Force: Magnetic forces

5. Contact: Air Resistance

6 . Contact: Frictional forces

7 . Non-Contact Force: Electrostatic forces

8 . What are all forces measured in? Newtons

9 . Also known as a spring balance, which instrument can be used to measure forces? Newton-meter

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Dissipation - to spread out and reduce

Sound waves eventually dissipate.

Sound waves can be absorbed by softer materials such as foam.

Sound waves can also reflect  from harder surfaces and create an echo

Optional extension task: show this to your teacher to get a Poly Point
Design 2 different rooms. For each, consider the materials and structure of the walls

Room 1: A concert hall

Room 2: A recording studio

High Challenge: for each, explain the choice of material for the walls

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echoes are sound reflections from hard surfaces

echoes can be used to work out where nearby objects are. This is echolocation

ultrasound is a sound that is too high for human hearing.

1. Echolocation can be used to...

measure distances.

2. Soft materials can be used to...

reduce echoes.

3. Ultrasound is...

sound that is too high pitched for humans to hear.

4. Dolphins and whales use ultrasound to...

communicate.

5. Echoes are...

reflected sound waves.

6. A medical use of ultrasound is...

scanning unborn babies.

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Gap-fill answers

friction is the force between surfaces. It increases with the roughness of a surface

water resistance and air resistance are drag forces

drag forces occur as an object moves through a substances, pushing particles out of the way.

Questions
1. False: When an object moves through the air it will collide with air particles and speed up

2. State the name of the force that causes objects moving through air to slow down. air resistance

3. True: When an object moves through the air it will collide with air particles and slow down

4. State the name of the shape of objects that have been designed to reduce the effects of drag. streamlined

5. State the name of the force that exists between your foot and the ground, which allows you to move. friction

6. True: A moving object slows down due to the frictional forces

7. True: Friction will cause an object to eventually stop.

8. State the name of the force that causes objects moving through water to slow down. water resistance

9. State the name of the substance that reduces friction between two surfaces. Lubrication

10. State the name of the force that causes object moving through water or air to slow down. Drag

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Answers 3 - Balanced and unbalanced forces

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Answers 3 - Balanced and unbalanced forces

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Forces are balanced when they are the same size/

and acting in the opposite direction.

They are said to be in equilibrium (equal).

When forces on an object are balanced there is no change in speed or direction.

An object can be moving whilst experiencing balanced forces.

Forces are unbalanced when they are different sizes.

Unbalanced forces changethe speed or direction of an object.

Keypoints - What you need to know

when an object is still or moving at a steady speed, the forces are balanced

when an object is changing direction or speed, the forces are unbalanced.

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Answers 3 - Balanced and unbalanced forces

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Answers 3 - Balanced and unbalanced forces

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1 . If a car is moving and the resultant force is 0 N, the car is moving at a ___steady____ speed.

2 . If a car is moving and there is a resultant force acting on the car in a forward direction, the car will speed up/accelerate.

3 . Calculate the resultant force: The forwards driving force of the car is 2000 N and the oppositional frictional forces acting on the car are 1000 N. Resultant force = 2000-1000 = 1000 N

4 . Calculate the resultant force: The forwards driving force of the car is 3000 N and the oppositional frictional forces acting on the car are 1000 N. Resultant force = 3000-1000 = 2000 N

5 . Calculate the resultant force: The forwards driving force of the car is 2000 N and the oppositional frictional forces acting on the car are 2000 N. Resultant force = 2000-2000 = 0 N

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forces can compress or stretch objects

solids provide a support force when a force is applied, called the reaction

if an object's extension doubles when you double the force, the object obeys Hooke's law.

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When light reflects off the surface of a mirror, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

1. 44 degrees

2. 60 degrees

3. 45 degrees

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Our ears detect sound waves and turn them into signals for our brain. Sound waves enter the ear, travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate.

1 . Which organ does the body use to detect sound waves? Ear

2 . Which part of the ear is a thin membrane? Eardrum

3 . Which part of the ear converts vibrations into nerve impulses? cochlea

4 . Which part of the ear takes the electrical impulses to the brain? auditory nerve

5 . In which part of the ear are vibrations happening in a gas? ear canal

6 . In which part of the ear are vibrations happening in a liquid? cochlea

7 . After the outer part of the ear and before the tiny ear bones, vibrations are happening in a solid - what part of the ear is it? eardrum

8 . After the eardrum and before the cochlea, vibrations are happening in a solid - what part of the ear is it? ossicles

9 . What are sound waves converted into inside the cochlea? electrical impulses

10 . What is sound intensity measured in? decibels

11 . What is the symbol of decibels? dB

12 . How many times does an increase of 10dB increase the sound intensity? 10 times louder

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These tasks are optional. You will get a Poly Point for curiosity for each task completed. You can start with any task that captures your interest.

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These tasks are optional. You will get a Poly Point for curiosity for each task completed. You can start with any task that captures your interest.

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Write an article about how the design of sportswear for athletes, swimmers, or runners helps them move faster.

Tips:

Do some initial research into the designs of sportswear for athletes.

Decide which type of sportswear you are going to write about.

Plan what you are going to include in your article.

Write your article and then ask someone to read it for you.

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Research one application of springs.

Why is the elastic behaviour used?

How is it controlled?

How are problems avoided?

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High-pitched 'mosquito' alarms are used to deter anti-social teens from loitering outside shops.

Write a short paragraph explaining how these 'mosquito' alarms would work.

In particular, try to compare the effect the 'mosquito' alarms will have on teens and on adults.

Source:
https://www.civilrightsmovement.co.uk/mosquito-alarm-infringement-human-rights.html

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Prepare a sheet to summarise what you have learnt about ultrasound and echoes.

Use diagrams and text to explain your ideas.

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Research the science behind how music is produced.

Use your research to produce a leaflet for concert organisers to give to the public.

In this activity you will use your research skills to find out:

how to compare different sounds

how different instruments produce notes

how we can hear music

how to protect your hearing.

Sources:
What is sound?

This website describes how sound is produced, what sound waves are, and how the ear works. Choose the ‘What is Sound’ option.

http://www.sound101.org/sounds_amazing_ks3_ks4/index1.htm

How do instruments produce sounds?

This site describes how different musical instruments produce vibrations which produce sounds.

www.method-behind-the-music.com/mechanics/instruments

How do we hear things?

This website describes the structure of the ear and how we hear.

http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetailsKids.aspx?p=335&np=152&id=1463

How loud noises affect our ears and how to prevent harm

These sites explain how loud noises affect hearing, how to compare loudness, and some ways to prevent hearing damage.

https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/hearing_loss/how_does_loud_noise_cause_hearing_loss.html

https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-body/-5-ways-to-prevent-hearing-loss-/

How is music recorded? (extension)

Choose the Recording Studio option to find out what happens when music is recorded.

http://www.sound101.org/sounds_amazing_ks3_ks4/index1.htm

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Copy and complete the sentence
A white surface looks white because it. . .

reflects all of the colours of light that shine on it.

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Copy and complete the sentence
A black surface looks black because it . . .

absorbs all of the colours of light that shine on it.

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A green surface looks green because it . . .

reflects green light but absorbs all of the other colours that shine on it.

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Answers 8 - Coloured light on coloured objects

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Answers 8 - Coloured light on coloured objects

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In white light, a red apple appears RED and a green pear appears GREEN.

In red light, the red apple still appears red, but the green pear appears BLACK. This is because the red light is ABSORBED by the green pear, so no light is REFLECTED.

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1. less

2. towards the normal

3. boundary

4. angle of refraction

5. False.