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This graph from NASA shows the fast-moving effects of global warming. Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth's average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gases released as people burn fossil fuels.

The global average surface temperature rose 0.6 to 0.9 degrees Celsius (1.1 to 1.6°F) between 1906 and 2005, and the rate of temperature increase has nearly doubled in the last 50 years. Temperatures are certain to go up further.

Citation: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming/page2.php

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The expert we interviewed is Mrs. Kristed DePass. Mrs. DePass is a 7th-grade teacher at ASIJ and has lots of experience with poverty because she has lived in Jakarta, a place in extreme poverty, for more than 4 years.

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SDG #1 focuses on ending all forms of poverty everywhere in the world by 2030.

Nearly half of the world’s population lives in poverty, and the lack of food and clean water is killing tens of thousands of people every single day of the year. Together, we can feed the poor, wipe out disease, and give everyone in the world a chance to prosper and live a productive and rich life.

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In this documentary, we will investigate how extreme weather caused by humans like us affects people in poverty.

This documentary is directed, written, and produced by Jimmy Kuffner

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The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has put steady progress in poverty reduction over the past 25 years into reverse, with the number of people in extreme poverty increased for the first time in a generation. Now, rising inflation and the impacts of the war in Ukraine may derail progress further.

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What has scientists concerned is that over the past 250 years, humans have been artificially raising the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at an ever-increasing rate, mostly by burning fossil fuels, but also from cutting down carbon-absorbing forests. Since the Industrial Revolution began in about 1750, carbon dioxide levels have increased nearly 38 percent as of 2009 and methane levels have increased 148 percent.

Citation: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming/page2.php

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In this clip, Mrs. DePass explains how people in Jakarta were effected by the weather disasters there.

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Here is a more detailed look at some of the targets used to measure progress toward the achievement of this SDG.

This SDG mainly requires free quality education for children around the world.

According to WorldVison.com, Education is one of the best solutions to poverty.  Even the most basic education -reading and writing - can open doors for children that would otherwise be locked tight. But it’s more than that. Many experts say that the cycle of poverty simply can’t be broken unless children receive an education.

Site source:

https://www.worldvision.ca/stories/advocacy/solutions-to-poverty#Educate-children

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"A drought is an extended period of dry weather caused by a lack of rain or snow. As temperatures rise due to global climate change, more moisture evaporates from land and water, leaving less water behind. Some places are getting more rain or snow to make up for it, but other places are getting less."

Citation: https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/impacts/signs/droughts.html

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A drought is an extended period of dry weather caused by a lack of rain or snow. As temperatures rise due to global climate change, more moisture evaporates from land and water, leaving less water behind. Some places are getting more rain or snow to make up for it, but other places are getting less.

Since the 1970s, droughts have become longer and more extreme worldwide, particularly in the tropics and subtropics.

What will happen in the future?

Droughts are expected to keep getting longer and more severe. The U.S. Southwest is at particular risk for increasing droughts.

Why does it matter?

A drought means there's less water available for drinking, watering crops, making electricity at hydroelectric dams, and other uses. For example, an ongoing drought in the U.S. Southwest is straining water supplies in states like Nevada and Arizona, where water is already scarce.

Check out the major effects of droughts on people and the environment:

Learn more about droughts by going on an expedition to southwestern Africa!

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A drought is an extended period of dry weather caused by a lack of rain or snow. As temperatures rise due to global climate change, more moisture evaporates from land and water, leaving less water behind. Some places are getting more rain or snow to make up for it, but other places are getting less.

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Mrs. DePass explains solutions to poverty in Jakarta

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The atmosphere today contains more greenhouse gas molecules, so more of the infrared energy emitted by the surface ends up being absorbed by the atmosphere. Since some of the extra energy from a warmer atmosphere radiates back down to the surface, Earth’s surface temperature rises. By increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases, we are making Earth’s atmosphere a more efficient greenhouse.

Image citation: https://niwa.co.nz/

Text citation: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming/page2.php

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According to worldbank.org, 2013, an estimated one million Filipinos were plunged into poverty after Typhoon Haiyan seized $12.9 billion from the national economy and destroyed over 1.5 million homes across the Philippines.

According to Japantimes.com, in 2020, extreme weather disasters around the world caused $150 billion in damage, making 2021's total an increase of 13% more than 2020. Plus, the ten most expensive weather disasters this year caused more than $170 billion (¥19.4 trillion) in damage — $20 billion more than in 2020.

But you may wonder, what causes extreme weather disasters? Well, extreme weather disasters are all caused by one majorly underrated problem causing lots of obstacles for everyone around the world - and that problem is climate change. Climate change causes a huge increase in world temperature. Warmer temperature increases evaporation, which means that our atmosphere contains an increasing amount of water vapor for storms to sweep up and turn into extreme weather disasters like floods, hurricanes, etcetera.

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Between 2015 and 2018, global poverty continued its historical decline, with the extreme poverty rate falling from 10.1 per cent to 8.6 per cent. This means that the number of people living on less than $1.90 a day dropped from 740 million to 656 million over this period. COVID-19 has made a severe dent in that progress. Nowcasts suggest that the global poverty rate increased sharply from 2019 to 2020, from 8.3 per cent to 9.2 per cent, the first rise in extreme poverty since 1998 and the largest since 1990. This erased more than four years of steady gains. It also means that an additional 93 million people worldwide were pushed into extreme poverty because of the pandemic.

Little progress has been made since then in catching up to the pre-COVID trend. Forecasts for 2022 estimate that 75 million more people than expected prior to the pandemic will be living in extreme poverty. Rising food prices and the broader impacts of the war in Ukraine could push that number even higher, to 95 million, leaving the world even further from meeting the target of ending extreme poverty by 2030.

In 2020, for the first time in two decades, the share of the world's workers living in extreme poverty increased, rising from 6.7 per cent in 2019 to 7.2 per cent, pushing an additional 8 million workers into poverty. This reflects lost working hours and reduced incomes for many during the COVID-19 crisis. Although the working poverty rate declined slightly in 2021, to 6.9 per cent, it remains higher than before the pandemic. Most regions have not yet recovered to their 2019 levels. The two regions with the highest working poverty rates - sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania (excluding Australia and New Zealand) - have also experienced the largest increases in the past two years. The pandemic has likely exacerbated existing disparities in working poverty rates for youth and women, who were already more likely than adults and men to be among the working poor. Youth and women were disproportionately affected by working-hour losses and pay cuts in 2020, meaning these gaps are likely to widen.

Strong social protection systems are essential for mitigating the immediate and long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and preventing people from falling into poverty. However, by 2020, only 46.9 per cent of the global population were effectively covered by at least one social protection cash benefit, leaving 4.1 billion people unprotected. In response to the COVID-19 crisis, almost 1,900 social protection measures were announced by 211 countries and territories, although these were mostly (92 per cent) short term in nature. Around 39 per cent of the measures introduced were directed towards vulnerable groups, while 26 per cent related to income security and unemployment protection, showing the high importance of social assistance and unemployment benefits in responding to the crisis. Still, only 96 countries have unemployment protection schemes in place and, even where such schemes exist, effective coverage is often limited, especially in countries with high levels of informal employment. Globally, in 2020, only 43.1 per cent of the labour force were legally covered by unemployment benefit schemes, and only 18.6 per cent of unemployed workers worldwide actually received unemployment benefits.

Similarly, only 28.9 per cent of people considered vulnerable - all children, along with older people and those of working age not covered by social insurance - had access to social assistance cash benefits in 2020, with coverage varying widely across regions. Sixty-three per cent of those considered vulnerable in high-income countries received cash benefits compared with just 7.8 per cent in low-income countries.

Biological hazards such as COVID-19, along with other disasters such as tropical cyclones and floods, can worsen poverty and slow hunger alleviation. In 2020, based on reporting from 80 countries under the Sendai Framework, the disaster-related mortality rate was 5.74 persons per 100,000 population. This estimation takes into account deaths resulting from disasters of all origins, including COVID-19. At least 80 per cent of disaster-related mortality that year was estimated to be due to the coronavirus. Even without considering significant underreporting (the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates global excess deaths of 4.5 million in 2020), this figure is already in stark contrast to the 2015-2019 period, when the disaster-related mortality rate averaged 0.93 persons per 100,000 population.

As countries were coping with the economic fallout of the pandemic, 33 countries reported $16.5 billion in direct economic losses in 2020, due to other disasters. Of this amount, 41 per cent ($6.8 billion) was in the agriculture sector and 38 per cent ($6.2 billion) related to losses resulting from damaged or destroyed critical infrastructure

Meanwhile, significant progress has been made towards increasing the number of countries adopting national disaster risk reduction strategies. By the end of 2021, 123 countries reported having such strategies in place, up from just 55 in 2015.

Home Goal 2

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Between 2015 and 2018, global poverty continued its historical decline, with the extreme poverty rate falling from 10.1 per cent to 8.6 per cent. This means that the number of people living on less than $1.90 a day dropped from 740 million to 656 million over this period.