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Phonology studies sound and how it works together to create meaning and words.

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Knowing the sounds and how they work together can help English language leaners to understand blending and forming words. This can help them to speak the words correctly and the language more clear. Without phonology, students may struggle to pronounce words correctly that are similar in sound.

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Morphology studies how words are formed and structured using prefix, suffix, and root words to create new meanings.

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Morphology is important for ELLs as students are able to learn how words are formed when adding prefix and suffix to a root words. This changes the word, creating a new meaning of that word, expanding their vocabulary. Knowing these new words can help with their comprehension and writing skills.

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An activity done at home could be a "write it down" activity. Students can find words in their house from books, writing on pictures, cook books, etc, that have a prefix or suffix. This can be a fun adventurous game for students. Beginner students can be guided with an adult or a more advanced ELL to help them while an advanced learner can write down or explain the meaning of the word they found. This can help beginning ELLs to be introduced to new words and advanced ELLs an opportunity to practice their word meaning. This is also great practice for all ELLs to expand their vocabulary.

Website: www.savvas.com

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Families can play "I spy" together. They can use a beginning or ending sound and try to find things in their house that begin or end in a certain sound. This can help various language proficiencies by providing beginning ELLs with repetition of letter sounds and word that start or end with that letter. Playing with others in their house provides them the opportunity to listen and comprehend the new words that go along with what's in their area. For more advanced learners, they can write down and spell the objects they are pointing to or finding with that beginning or ending sound. This can help work on their spelling and writing skills.

Website link: www.starfall.com

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1. Word Building- Students will create new words by adding prefix or suffix to the root word.

Beginning ELLs will have visuals with the words, advanced ELLs will create sentences for the new words.

2. Bingo- Students will have different word parts written on their board. The teacher calling the cards will have the definitions on them. When the teacher calls the definition, the students have to look for the matching word part that goes with the definition.

Beginner ELLs will have more simpler word parts on their board whereas advanced ELLs will have more broad and harder word parts.

3. Vocabulary Detective- Students find a word in a sentence that has a prefix or suffix. They have to determine which word in that sentence has one of those two.

Beginner ELLs will get support and advanced ELLs can do the activity by themselves.

4. Interactive Word Wall- Teachers and students will create a classroom word wall. The word wall will have root words, prefix, and suffixes.

Beginner ELLs word wall will have pictures and advanced ELLs will have more complex words and add sentence examples.

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1. Sound Matching Game- Students will flip over cards and try finding matches of 2 cards that have the same beginning sound. If they get it correct, they go again. If they do not, it goes to the next student.

Beginning ELLs can use pictures, Advanced ELLs can read the words.

2. Rhyming Word Sort- Students will sort cards based on if they rhyme or not. The students with the most rhyming word cards at the end, wins.

Beginner ELLs will have visuals on their cards and advanced ELLs will have words they need to read on their own.

3. Minimal Pair Listening- The teacher will say 2 words. The students will need to figure out which part of the word has a different sound in each word (ex, whip, whop).

Beginner ELLs will use their fingers to break down the words with teacher support. Advanced ELLs will find the different sound part and then use of the words in a sentence.

4. Phoneme Deletion Game- Students will say a word and then drop the beginning or end sound to make a new word.

Beginner ELLs will have more simpler, easier words where advanced ELLs will have more complex, harder words.