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Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects blood and bone marrow. It disrupts the production of white blood cells, which are crucial for fighting infections. Leukemia originates in the bone marrow and leads to an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells.

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Cancer occurs due to uncontrolled cell division. In leukemia, mutations cause white blood cells to bypass normal cell cycle regulation, leading to their overproduction. This disrupts healthy blood cell formation, leading to serious health complications.

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Leukemia primarily affects the blood and bone marrow, but it can impact the spleen and lymph nodes as cancerous cells spread. Different types of leukemia exist, including:

﻿﻿Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

﻿﻿Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

﻿﻿Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

﻿﻿Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

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Common symptoms of leukemia include:

﻿﻿Fatigue and weakness

﻿﻿Frequent infections

﻿﻿Unexplained weight loss

Easy bruising or bleeding

﻿﻿Swollen lymph nodes

﻿﻿Fever or chills

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Possible causes of leukemia include:

﻿﻿Environmental Factors: Exposure to chemicals (like benzene) and radiation

﻿﻿Genetics: Inherited mutations or chromosomal abnormalities

﻿﻿Lifestyle Factors: Smoking and certain infections may increase risk

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Although not all cases of leukemia are preventable, reducing exposure to harmful chemicals, maintaining a healthy diet, and avoiding smoking can lower the risk. If leukemia runs in the family, regular medical checkups are recommended.

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Leukemia is one of the most common cancers in children but also affects adults. Each year, around 60,000 new cases are diagnosed in the U.S. Survival rates vary by type, with childhood leukemia having a higher survival rate compared to adult cases.

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Leukemia research continues to advance, leading to improved survival rates. Raising awareness about early detection and risk factors can save lives.

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Reliable sources used:

﻿﻿American Cancer Society (cancer.org)

﻿﻿National Cancer Institute (cancer.gov)

﻿﻿Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (Ils.org)