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“She Shall not be moved” Shereen Pandit (2005):
The unnamed first person narrator and her daughter Miriam are in a bus on the way to a dance lesson. On the bus an aisle is blocked by a Somali woman with a pram, because the seats reserved for prams is blocked by to older white woman. The narrator considers helping the Somali woman, but decides not to, because they don’t want to cause a scene. The Somali women is being shouted by the bus driver and the women, but she stays steadfast. When a frail women gets on the bus the narrator refuses to give up her seat, because the to older women also don’t give up their seats. Miriam is confused and enraged but this behaviour, because it is against everything she was taught. When the Somali woman gets of the bus, she and the narrator have a short conversation, in which she calls the woman calls the bus driver a “slave”. The narrator thinks about this interaction, while sitting at the dance class and feels guilty and a bad role model for her daughter .

“Loose Change” Andrea Levy (2005)
The shortstops Loose Change, written by Andrea Levy and published in 2005, tells a story of prejudice against immigrants and illustrates that generosity does not depend on wealth.

The story is told by an unnamed female first-person narrator. The narrator meets Laylor during a visits to the toilets at the National Portrait Gallery in London. Uncomfortable and in need of change for a tampon machine, the narrator meets the generous Laylor, who helps her out without expecting to be paid back. After deliberation looking for her, the narrator walks with Laylor through the gallery, commenting on different pictures, before she starts to feel uncomfortable with Laylor´s exuberant youth. They sit in a cafeteria and the narrator learns about the precarious living situation Laylor and her brother are in: as refugees from Uzebekistan, Laylor and her brother donˋt have much money, so they are sleeping rough. Even though Laylor does not ask for anything, the narrator feels pressured/ shamed into helping her. However, while thinking abbaut the advantages that helping Laylor could bring, the narrator unexpectedly leaves the gallery without further comment.

„The Escape“ Qaisra Shahraz (2009):

The Short story The Escape by Qaisra Shahraz, published in 2009, is about Samir, a 73 years old Pakistani man who, after the death of his wife, reassesses his life, searching for a home and a sense of belonging.

The story starts with Samir praying at the mosque in his old neighbourhood. He gets a lift home from his son, where he waits to be picked up again an hour later. The family celebrate Eid at Samir‘s eldest daughter‘s house. During the celebration, Samit tells his family that he will travel to Pakistan for a few months. His desire is to escape his life in England but tells his family he wants to go back to his roots. On his arrival in Lahore, Samir does not experience the feeling of homecoming he had expected. He is horrified by the poverty and realises he has become unfamiliar with the life in Pakistan. While he visit his parent‘s graves, he remembers his life path from a young Pakistani immigrant in England until his retirement. Afterwards he visit the family his wife used to support and decides to take over his late wife‘s role. He will support this family in need for the rest of his life. He leaves Pakistan after a week after he realised that his home is in England, where his family lives and he spent most of his adult life. Back in England, he arranges for the poor family‘s continued support and keeping only what is necessary to support himself and his children. Samir move to an old people‘s home, where he is happy and enjoys his life.

‘‘The third and final continent’‘ by Jhumpa Lahiri (1999)
The narrator feels at home in both places he migrates to. In London, he lives with other Bengali men. Their shared lifestyle and home provides him with a sense of belonging. In the USA, he quickly becomes accustomed to the culture.

When his wife joins him and the two get closer, they also have each other to turn to. Moreover, both times, the narrator has a purpose. As a working student, his goal is to educate himself and start a career. In Boston, he works for a prestigious university and starts a family.

He does not seem to struggle with his identity or suffer from a lack of belonging because of his migration at any point.

However, living with his wife Mala and being married takes some getting used to. She is a little bit like a foreign country for him.

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- Film Terminology
- Growing up / Manhood
- Belonging, Identity
-> Geo- political ambiguity
-> Social and cultural ambiguity of belonging
-> Personal ambiguity of belonging
- Historical background of Hmong people
- Prejudice / Racism
- Masculinity
- Symbolic meaning of the Gran Torino
- Violence, Revenge
- Self reflection, Self acceptance
- Thao’s Initiation
- Being at peace
- Walt and Thao’s development

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“She Shall not be moved”:
Post colonial experience => Slave Trade as outcome of colonialism from British empire. People who turn their eye on racism are “slaves” to society
Identify & belonging => Identity of first/second generation Immigrants

„Loose change“:
Postkolonialen experience

=> the narrator is a second generation immigrant (from the Caribbean)

=> Laylor and her brother are first-person immigrants from Uzbekistan

The narrator realised that she could help Laylor, but decides against it

Belonging: Laylor seems empowered by her sense of belonging

She appears to lose her humanity in the end, defeated by her continuing struggle to belong.

“The Escape“:
Post colonial experience:
=> Samir is a Pakistani who lost his wife and with that his identity and the feeling to belong somewhere
=> Searches his belonging in his birthplace Pakistan
=> realises that a place does not bring alone a feeling to belong
=> goes back to England and fells belonged by his peer group

Identify & Belonging: => Samir feeling belonged to his dead wife and finds a new sense of belonging and identity by living with his peer group in an old people‘s home

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Character map

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Sense of belonging
Prejudice and racism

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Ethics of science
-when does a life start?
-When becomes research inhuman?
-when does science harm humans?
-where are the limits of science?
-Where does humanity start?

Scientific ethics call for honesty and integrity
-does Frankenstein follow those morals?

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The role of nature
-inspired by the sublime (mixed emotions of pain and joy)
—>linked with fear and power
-nature reflects and affects in Frankenstein the state of the character‘s mind
—>nature has a healing effect on Viktor Frankenstein, but often represents is grief or inner turmoils

-Frankenstein can not enjoy beautiful landscapes, only sublime ones—> likes the extreme (sublime landscapes)

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type: novel, title: Frankenstein, author: Mary Shelley, published: 1831, England

starts with letters from and to polar explorer Robert Walton, is very lonely, meets scientist Victor Frankenstein, he tells Walton his story:

Victor grew up in Genf in Switzerland with his family (was obsessed with cousin Elisabeth) and was already very interested in natural philosophy when he was young, especially in electricity since he saw lightning

studies at University in Ingolstadt, one of his professors advises him against studying alchemy while another professor encourages him

Victor discovers how to create life and builds a creature which he is scared of due to his monstrous looks

the creature runs away and lives nearby the De Lacey family in the woods and learns how to talk and act human, it also has many emotions

Victors brother got killed by the creature (as revenge on Victor for not taking responsibility)

Victor meets his creature again and it tells him about his life and demands Victor to create a female creature

Victor and a friend of his are in London while he is starting to work on the new creature

he does not want to continue building the new creature and making the same mistake again and throws it in the sea

the creature is angry and kills his friend Henry, Victor gets accused for the murder and imprisoned, he then becomes sick

after he gets out he marries Elisabeth who is killed in their wedding night by the creature

his father dies as well, Victor breaks down

his only goal is to find and kill the monster, he then meets Walton in the Arctic

Victor is killed by the creature

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- Belonging( short stories, Frankenstein,Gran Torino)
- Prejudice (Short stories, Frankenstein, Gran torino)
-Revenge ( Hamlet, Frankenstein, Gran torino)
- post colonialism (short stories)
-identity

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-Sense of belonging (short stories, Gran Torino, Hamlet)
-role of women (Gran Torino, Hamlet)
-madness (Hamlet)
-revenge (Hamlet)
-prejudice (short stories, Gran Torino)

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The drama Gran Torino from 2008 is about Walt Kowalski who is a widowed Korean War veteran who lives in Detroit in a Hmong neighborhood. His hmong neighbors are in a conflict with the Asian gang in which Walt gets involved even though he has prejudice against them. His view starts to shift by befriending his neighbors Thao and Sue. The conflict of Thao involves him being pressured by the Asian gang to join them. His initiation of becoming a gang member involves the attempt to steal Walt’s prized possession. His 1972 Gran Torino. Walt intervenes and becomes the protector and mentor to Thao. He teaches Thao how to stand up for himself and defend his family, and becomes a father figure to him.  Walt starts to learn about the Hmong culture and Thaos family more. He begins to question his prejudice and starts to respect those around him. As the Hmong gang Harasses thaos family more and more,Walt gets involved and takes matters into his own hands. Walt sacrifices himself to save Thao and his family, and his Gran Torino is left to Thao as a symbol of their friendship and Walt's legacy