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Type a word & select a dictionary:

* AlSharekh-Sakhr: dictionary of Modern Arabic

* Hawramani-Shamela: online search in 50 Arabic dictionaries, from 7 th to 20 th century

* Arabic-English dictionary

* Doha Historical Dictionary of Arabic

* Reverso: Arabic-English dictionary & words in context

* Lingea: Arabic-English dictionary & multilingual

* ArabicDictionaries : Arabic-English dictionary (and French, Spanish) & Arabic-English dictionary of the words used in the Quran and the Bible NEW

* English-Arabic proverbs & idioms

→ online translation: Arabic-English & other languages & web page

* Lisān al-ʿarab لسان العرب (The tongue of the Arabs) by Ibn Manzūr (13 th)

I-II - III-IV - V-VI - VII-VIII - IX-X - XI-XII - XIII-XIV - XV-XVI - XVII-XVIII - XIX-XX

* Al-qāmūs al-muḥīṭ القاموس المحيط (The surrounding ocean) by Al-Firuzabadi (14 th)

* Arabic English thematic lexicon by Daniel Newman (2007)

* Oxford-Duden pictorial English dictionary by Moustafa Gabr (2003)

* Glossary of islamic terms by Anwer Mahmoud Zanaty (2006)

* Dictionary of modern written Arabic, Arabic-English, by Hans Wehr (1979)

* Al-Mawrid, Modern Arabic-English dictionary, by Rohi Baalbaki, Lebanon (1995)

* Arabic-English dictionary by William Wortabet, John Wortabet, Harvey Porter (1984)

* Wikipedia: Arabic loanwords in English

* American Heritage dictionary: Semitic roots

* The Turkish contribution to the Arabic lexicon by Stephan Procházka (2005)

* Iranian loanwords in Arabic, in Encylopædia Iranica

* Goethe-Verlag: Arabic-English common phrases & illustrated vocabulary (+ audio)

* Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane (1863-1893)

or scanned books: ا - ث - ج - خ - د - ز - س - ص - ض - ع - غ - ف - ق - م - ن - ي

* Verbal idioms of Quʾrān by Mustansir Mir (1989)

* The foreign vocabulary of the Quʾrān by Arthur Jeffrey (1938)

* Dictionary and glossary of the Koran by John Penrice (1873)

* Lexicon arabico-latinum: Arabic-Latin dictionary by Georg Wilhelm Freytag (1835): I-II & III-IV

* Hebrew loanwords (Modern period), by Roni Henkin, in Encyclopedia of Hebrew language and linguistics (2013)

* Arabic influence (on Modern Hebrew)

* Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen: Aramaic loanwords in Arabic, by Siegmund Fraenkel (1886)

→ Arabic keyboard to type a text with the Arabic script

→ Transliterated Arabic keyboard to type a text with the Latin script

→ Arabic-Latin conversion

→ Arabic alphabet

* Arabic-studio: Arabic alphabet, pronunciation (video)

* Acon: verb conjugation

* Linguanaut: basic Arabic grammar

* Arabic-online: Arabic grammar

* 101 rules of Arabic

* The Arab Observer: Arabic grammar

* Modern Written Arabic, Foreign service institute (1969) (+ audio)

* Saudi Arabic basic course, Urban Hijazi dialect, by Margaret Omar (1975) (+ audio)

* Levantine Arabic, introduction to pronunciation, by James Snow (1971) (+ audio)

* From Eastern to Western Arabic by Margaret Omar (1974)

* Arabic grammar

* A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic by Karin Ryding (2005)

* Elementary modern standard Arabic (1999)

* Learn Arabic the fast and fun way (2009)

* Arabic for dummies (2006)

* Arabic phrases for dummies (2009)

* Arabic made easy by Abul Hashim (1992)

* Arabic grammar of the written language by John Haywood (1965)

* Gramática árabe: Arabic grammar, by Federico Corriente (2002)

* The phonology and morphology of Arabic by Janet Watson (2002)

* The structure of Arabic language and orthography by Elinor Saiegh & Roni Henkin, in Handbook of Arabic literacy (2014)

* The evolution of Arabic writing due to European influence: the case of punctuation, by Dana Awad, in Journal of Arabic & Islamic studies (2015)

* Arabic in its Semitic context by John Huehnergard, in Arabic in context (2017)

* Arabic language (Arabic and Persian languages in contact) in Encylopædia Iranica

* A handbook and reader of Ottoman Arabic, edited by Esther-Miriam Wagner (2021)

* The phonetics of Arabic by William Henry Temple Gairdner (1925)

* Arabic grammar of the written language by Griffithes Wheeler Thatcher (1922)

* Elementary Arabic, grammar by Frederic du Pre Thornton, abridgement of Wright's Arabic grammar (1919): I & II - III - IV

* Grammar of the Arabic language by Carl Paul Caspari, translated by William Wright (1896): I & II

* Practical grammar of the Arabic language & dialogues, vocabulary, by Faris Ash-Shidyâq (1891)

* The Arabic manual by Edward Henry Palmer (1885)

* A grammar of the Arabic language (1874)

* A Grammar of the Arabick language by John Richardson (1776)

* Egyptian self-taught (Arabic): alphabet and pronunciation, vocabularies, elementary grammar, idiomatic phrases & conversations, by Carl Thimm (1914)

* Arabic manual, Colloquial handbook in the Syrian dialect, & simplified grammar, English and Arabic vocabulary and dialogues, by Francis Edward Crow (1901) (with Latin characters)

* Principles of general grammar by Antoine Silvestre de Sacy (1837)

* books & papers about the Arabic language: Google books | Internet archive | Academia | Wikipedia

* (in Arabic and in Al Jazira الجزيرة English)

* (in Arabic and in Al Arabiya العربية English)

* BBC - CNN - France 24 - DW: news in Arabic

* Google news

* Shamela: corpus of Arabic texts

* A history of Arabic literature by Clément Huart (1903)

* Littérature arabe (1902)

* Arabic reader by Chaim Rabin (1947)

* An aid to practical written Arabic: texts & vocabulary, by John van Ess (1920)

→ the Quran in Arabic, English & other languages

→ the Bible in Arabic

First article of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

يولد جميع الناس أحرارًا متساوين في الكرامة والحقوق.
وقد وهبوا عقلاً وضميرًا وعليهم أن يعامل بعضهم بعضًا بروح الإخاء.

* Universal Declaration of Human Rights الإعلان العالمي لحقوق الإنسان translation into Arabic (+ audio)

→ First article in different languages

→ Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Arabic, English & other languages

→ Arabic Egyptian

→ Maltese: a semitic language

→ Arabic alphabet & calligraphy

→ Arabic countries & civilization

→ Africa: maps & documents

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Arabic Dictionary Online Translation LEXILOGOS

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Arabic-English Dictionary, Online Translation, Grammar of the Arabic language, Literature

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SpanishDictionary.com is the world’s largest online Spanish-English dictionary, translator, and reference tool.

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VEED.IO - AI Video Editor - Fast, Online, Free

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Free AI video editor with text to video, avatars, auto-subtitles, voice translations and more. Record, edit and share your videos online with VEED.

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Google’s service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages.

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Students can use desserts from their homes to explore the resulting 2D shapes from slicing 3D shapes

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Using Culturally Relevant Learning Opportunities 

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Using Culturally Relevant Learning Opportunities 

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My classroom is a seventh grade math classroom in the Bay Area. Some students speak Spanish and Arabic at home and are classified as English Language Learners, but they all speak English around grade level.

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Allow students to bring in music from their home so that they get used to hearing different languages in the classroom.

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García, Ofelia, et al. The translanguaging classroom: Leveraging student bilingualism for learning. Philadelphia, PA: Caslon, 2017.

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García, Ofelia, et al. The translanguaging classroom: Leveraging student bilingualism for learning. Philadelphia, PA: Caslon, 2017.

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This book explains how assessing the student through different perspectives allows a more holistic understanding of their growth.

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Have students recording themselves speaking to their adults at home about the different shapes that are created. Have students write in whatever language feels best about the different shapes that are created. Letting students use all of their notes, ask them to write in English.

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Write Your Own Math Problems... in another language

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Write Your Own Math Problems... in another language

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Students will work in groups to write their own math problems in different languages. The act of translating requires students to think critically about every component of the problem and also provides opportunties for students to work together and use their different skillsets.

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Students will explore how geometry has been explored in Spanish in history

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Frank J. Swetz (The Pennsylvania State University)

Juan de Ortega (1480-1568) was a Spanish Dominican priest and instructor of commercial arithmetic. His Tractado subtilissimo d'arismetica y de geometria, published in Barcelona in 1512, discussed commercial arithmetic and geometry. The four images shown immediately below are from the 1552 edition of this work published in Seville.

Ortega's Tables of multiplication facts are interesting and employ mathematical principles not evident in other such tables of this period. In the first table, he began with the first nine counting numbers, each multiplying themselves thus providing their squares. The remainder of the table assumes a knowledge of the commutative property of multiplication to diminish the number of products listed for each successive set of products. For example, if 2 x 3 = 6 has been found, then 3 x 2 = 6 is not given for the next set of products. Ortega is noted today for his innovative technique for extracting the square root of a given number: the process is discussed later in this book.

Among the rules Ortega listed for merchants is "The Rule of Company" which shows how to divide profits or debts among a group or company of business partners.

The title page of Juan de Ortega's Arte dela arismetica y ... de geometria, published in Barcelona in 1512, which seems to be the same book described above, depicts a master (or teacher) lecturing to his disciples (or students).

The title page of the 1563 edition can be seen here.
These images are obtained through the cooperation of the Index to Mathematical Treasures Hispanic Society of America Museum and Library.

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Mathematical Treasure: Spanish Arithmetic and Geometry

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Frank J. Swetz (The Pennsylvania State University) Juan de Ortega (1480-1568) was a Spanish Dominican priest and instructor of commercial arithmetic. His Tractado subtilissimo d'arismetica y de geometria, published in Barcelona in 1512, discussed commercial arithmetic and geometry. The four images shown immediately below are from the 1552 edition of this work published in Seville.

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Classifying triangles: Spanish audio, English visual

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Classifying triangles: Spanish audio, English visual

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Lopez, Alexis A., Danielle Guzman-Orth, and Sultan Turkan. "Exploring the use of translanguaging to measure the mathematics knowledge of emergent bilingual students." Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 5.2 (2019): 143-164.

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Lopez, Alexis A., Danielle Guzman-Orth, and Sultan Turkan. "Exploring the use of translanguaging to measure the mathematics knowledge of emergent bilingual students." Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 5.2 (2019): 143-164.

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This reading provides a guide to assessing students using translanguaging pedagogy to shape the assessment. Students can access the assessment in English and their home language through multiple modes of communication.

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"After ________ is sliced (vertically/horizontally), the final shape is a _________"

"Given a (radius/height/width) of _____, the area of the ______ must be ______."

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Judah Paul Makonye (2019) The effect of translanguaging in teaching the Grade 6 topics of perimeter and area in rural schools, Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies, 37:3, 221-231, DOI: 10.2989/16073614.2019.1671880

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Judah Paul Makonye (2019) The effect of translanguaging in teaching the Grade 6 topics of perimeter and area in rural schools, Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies, 37:3, 221-231, DOI: 10.2989/16073614.2019.1671880

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This article found that when the teacher explained misunderstandings using the home language and made the math relevant to their personal experiences, students better understood the material than students who were not taught in this manner.

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Martínez, Ramón Antonio. "Beyond the English learner label: Recognizing the richness of bi/multilingual students’ linguistic repertoires." The Reading Teacher 71.5 (2018): 515-522.

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Martínez, Ramón Antonio. "Beyond the English learner label: Recognizing the richness of bi/multilingual students’ linguistic repertoires." The Reading Teacher 71.5 (2018): 515-522.

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From this reading, I draw on the use of cognate charts as a way to connect students' home languages to the new vocabulary presented in class.

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Christensen, Mette Vedsgaard. "Math in Arabic and other languages: exploring the possibilities of translanguaging practices in the classroom." International Journal of Multilingualism (2022): 1-16.

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Christensen, Mette Vedsgaard. "Math in Arabic and other languages: exploring the possibilities of translanguaging practices in the classroom." International Journal of Multilingualism (2022): 1-16.

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This article discusses the effects of having all students in the class engage in translanguaging approaches by asking students to translate problems into another language.

While I didn't have space to add this activity to my paper, I still consider it valuable as a form of engaging all students in developing a sense of the value of translanguaging.

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Math in Arabic and other languages  exploring the possibilities of translanguaging practices in the classroom

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Rodriguez‐Mojica, Claudia, and Allison Briceño. "Sentence stems that support reading comprehension." The Reading Teacher 72.3 (2018): 398-402.

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Rodriguez‐Mojica, Claudia, and Allison Briceño. "Sentence stems that support reading comprehension." The Reading Teacher 72.3 (2018): 398-402.

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From this reading I draw on the use of sentence stems and the specific process for identifying useful sentence stems. The reading also provides advice on how to use sentence stems as a scaffold rather than an on-going support.

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1.1 Engaging and Supporting All Students in Learning

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1.1 Engaging and Supporting All Students in Learning

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Apply knowledge of students, including their prior experiences, interests, and socialemotional learning needs, as well as their funds of knowledge and cultural, language, and
socioeconomic backgrounds, to engage them in learning.

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3.5 Understanding and Organizing Subject Matter for Student Learning.

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3.5 Understanding and Organizing Subject Matter for Student Learning.

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Adapt subject matter curriculum, organization, and planning to support the acquisition and use of academic language
within learning activities to promote the subject matter knowledge of all students, including the full range of English
learners, Standard English learners, students with disabilities, and students with other learning needs in the least restrictive environment.

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Students can make their own using this resource.

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Draw (freehand, with ruler and protractor, and with technology) geometric shapes with given conditions. Focus on constructing triangles from three measures of angles or sides, noticing when the conditions determine a unique triangle, more than one triangle, or no triangle.

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Describe the two-dimensional figures that result from slicing three-dimensional figures, as in plane sections of right rectangular prisms and right rectangular pyramids.