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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is established, an intergovernmental security alliance between the United States, Canada, and 10 Western European countries. As of 2020, NATO has 30 members, including 21 EU member states.

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Six countries (France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg) founded the European Coal and Steel Community, the cornerstone of today's European Union.

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May 5, 1949 – Establishment of the Council of Europe

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May 5, 1949 – Establishment of the Council of Europe

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10 Western European countries establish the Council of Europe to promote democracy and protect human rights and the rule of law. The European Convention on Human Rights enters into force on September 3, 1953.

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French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman proposed pooling coal and steel production between France and Germany, laying the foundation for a lasting union and preventing future conflicts.

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The six countries established the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), expanding economic cooperation to new sectors.

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March 19, 1958 – Birth of the European Parliament

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March 19, 1958 – Birth of the European Parliament

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The first meeting of the European Parliamentary Assembly, the precursor to the current European Parliament, was held in Strasbourg, France, with Robert Schuman elected President. It replaced the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community and, on March 30, 1962, was renamed the European Parliament.