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The invention of the steam engine moved industrialization forward by powering train locomotives, factories, or steamboats and cars. Originally used to pump water in mines.

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Slater Mill was the first American factory to successfully use water-powered machines to manufacture cotton yarns. Samuel Slater's factory kick-started the urban, factory-centered economy in the USA.

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The cotton gin was a device that was used to take the seeds out of the cotton. This was much easier to use than manually separating the seeds and fibers. Cotton growing became easier and more profitable, and demand for slaves to pick the cotton increased.

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John Deere developed the steel plow to break up the soil, bury residue, and control weeds on farms. The plow revolutionized farming. The steel plow was great because wood plows would often break. More food was produced from the farms and the farmers could work the land easier.

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Queen Victoria was the longest reigning British monarch of her time, the last of three in the 19th century. She lived to be 81 years old. At the end of her reign, Britain had a very large empire.

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A fight between China and Britain after the British smuggled opium from their Indian territory into Chinese ports (illegally) against the Chinese government's wishes. China tried to suppress the opium trade, resulting in the first opium war

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China, weaker now, fought Britain and France. Britain and France wanted more control and territory over China, and to legalize opium trade. (Opium is a highly addictive narcotic found in the poppy plant ^)

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The British came to India wanting to trade, establish colonies, and spread Christianity. Britain ruled the Indian subcontinent for a while.

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The British were concerned with expanding their territory in South Africa. Plenty of Africans, Boer Republicans mostly, worked to counter Britain's moves. The Native's Land Act was debated, and the Mines and Works Act was passed in 1911.

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Some people think Imperialism pushed Europe into World War I because of the tension and pressure between countries as Britain and France expanded their empires. There was tension between the majority of WWI countries during the Imperialism era.