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Housing shortage is known as insufficient housing to accommodate the population in an area, when the supply of houses cannot meet the demand.

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2. Which cities in the world experience housing shortage?

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2. Which cities in the world experience housing shortage?

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San Jose, California

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3. Where are slums or squatters located?

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3. Where are slums or squatters located?

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Squatters and slums are usually located on unsuitable sites such as low-lying areas or steep slopes.

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Firstly, housing shortage is caused by rapid population growth which is due to migration and high birth rates. Another reason for housing shortage is competing land use and lastly, housing shortage occurs due to limited land supply.

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5. What are the consequences of housing shortage?

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5. What are the consequences of housing shortage?

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The consequences are homelessness, slums and squatter settlements, environmental pollution, low level of health due to poor living conditions and vulnerability.

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6. What are some strategies used by cities to manage housing shortage and build inclusive homes?

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6. What are some strategies used by cities to manage housing shortage and build inclusive homes?

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- Slum upgrading: Some cities try to improve conditions in slum areas by improving the quality of housing and basic services such as water, electricity and sewerage. Slum upgrading is carried out in many ways . Sites may be cleared and basic infrastructure can be provided to the areas. At times, it requires residents to move out of the slums and relocate temporarily so that basic infrastructure can be built.

-  Provision of public housing: Public housing refers to government efforts to provide housing units with basic services, usually for low-income households and other people of needs such as the elderly and disabled. Public housing is reasonably priced compared to private housing, and may also be subsidised by the government.

- Affordable housing: Affordable housing is defined by the United Nations as housing that is priced at a reasonable cost such that residents still have enough money for other basic needs, such as food.

- Facilities and Amenities for all ages: It is important to provide a range of facilities and amenities for different age groups. Retail shop, clinics and parks are some common facilities and amenities found in neighbourhoods.

Strategies from other countries: Australia: Commit to ending homelessness by 2030 by taking action to prevent homelessness and delivering rapid access to the housing and support people need if they do lose their home
- addresses the drivers of homelessness including the lack of affordable housing, poverty and family violence
- rapidly rehouses people who are homeless and supports them to maintain that housing
- addresses the over-representation of Aboriginal people in the homelessness service system.

Advantages: Almost everyone has their own home by 2030 and the nation would be clear of homeless people.

Disadvantages: The government has to invest more money to build the houses for the homeless people and it needs to get financial assistance from the banking sites.