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Understanding Form and Function in Architecture

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Understanding Form and Function in Architecture

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In Architecture, there should be a lot of consideration of many principles when building one and an example of of which is ‘form and function’. To define form, it is the one that attracts people towards the physical characteristics of the building. It usually gives the impression of what the building is made for; it is the one that delivers the message of the concept of the architecture without people going inside it. On the other hand, function is about what type of activity will be held inside the building. These two concepts have factors that can affect their relationship between one another such as technology and uses of space and materials.

There has been a principle created in Architecture which states that ‘Form follows function’. The first man to acquire this principle was an American named Louis Sullivan, who contributed to the development of the first steel skyscrapers in late-19th century Chicago. This particular principle suggests that the purpose of the building should determine its form.

However, sometimes architects do not follow the ‘form follows function’ rule because buildings differ in purposes and a function of a place may change overtime.

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The Empire State building is a 102 story skyscraper located in New York. The building was actually based from a competition of two business magnates, Walter Chrysler and John Jakob Raskob to see who could build the tallest building. Fortunately for Chrysler, the Empire State building held the time of the tallest building in the world for over 40 years. But today, it is ranked in the 22nd as the tallest building in the world, and the 3rd highest in New York. The building’s primary vision was to create thousands of jobs to portray America’s economic power.

The Empire State building became a famous tourist spot not just in New York, but all over the world.  In the year 1964, floodlights were installed on the building to show different colors that represent events in American History. Inside the building, there are a total of 73 elevators and 6500 windows.

For the function, the building is mainly used for offices and the top of the Empire State Building is used for broadcasting the majority of commercial TV stations and FM radio station. In total there si 200,500 m2 (2,158,000 sq ft) of office space. Fun fact: the building actually has its own zipcode because it contains a number of businesses inside it. According to research, over 20,000 people work in the offices located in the building. Since it is a tourist destination, the observation deck on the 102nd floor can be accessed by the public. It has a circular room offering and it shows the best views of New York City. The 86th floor is also an open space for the public and it is larger than the 102nd floor, hence it can accommodate more people. Originally, the top of the empire state building was made as a docking point for airships that would have carried passengers across the Atlantic. However, this idea was not accepted due to safety concerns.

The Empire State Building can also be seen in many popular movies such as King Kong, Sleepless in Seattle, Independence Day, The Day after Tomorrow, and more. It is featured in many TV shows throughout the years because of its popularity. Aside from that, there is also an annual race to run up to the 86th floor. The record holder of  the fastest time to run up the 1576 steps in this race is an Australian guy named Paul Crake, and took him exactly 9 minutes and 33 seconds to finish it.

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kfynm, Posted by. “Form & Function.” Theories Of Architecture, 5 Sept. 2017, https://kfynm.wordpress.com/2017/09/05/form-function/.

Stricher, Doris. “Doris Stricher.” © Doris Stricher, http://doris-stricher.eion.me/collections/architecture-around-the-world/360/form-follows-function.

“The Empire State Building.” What's in That Tower?, http://whatsinthattower.weebly.com/the-empire-state-building.html.

“The Empire State Building's New Visitor Center Celebrates Official Opening Day.” New York YIMBY, 22 Aug. 2018, https://newyorkyimby.com/2018/08/the-empire-state-buildings-new-visitor-center-celebrates-official-opening-day.html.