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The RPF (Rwandan Patriotic Front), was Tutsis, blamed the government for not aiding the Tutsi refugees. All Tutsis in the country were named accomplices of the RPF and all Hutu members of the opposition parties were deemed traitors.

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The war ambitions of the opposing sides and extent of their success

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The war ambitions of the opposing sides and extent of their success

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-Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana returned from a round of talks in neighboring Tanzania, he was killed when his plane was shot down outside of the country’s capital, Kigali. Hutus assumed it was Tutsis who did it.

-In just a matter of hours, Hutu rebels surrounded the capital and took over the streets of Kigali. Within a day, the Hutus had successfully eliminated Rwanda’s moderate leadership. As the weeks progressed, Tutsis and anyone suspected of having any ties to a Tutsi were killed.

-Through radio hate speech, people were encouraged to take the streets and exterminate those who matched the list. The radio also allowed for hosts to make excuses and reasons for the genocide, labeling it a ‘slave rebellion’. It was all used to make Tutsis less humane.

-The radio propaganda did not work, as the RPF fought back and caused civil war and genocide.

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The military composition of the opposing sides' military

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The military composition of the opposing sides' military

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The number and nature of the crimes against humanity committed in the conflict

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The number and nature of the crimes against humanity committed in the conflict

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-Rape was used as a weapon in the war, and around 500,000 women were raped. They would not receive justice until the war was over. These rapes were used to destroy the Tutsi ethnicity. They wanted to cause emotional and physical pain.

-More than 6 men, women, and children were murdered every minute of every hour of every day.

-The use of rape by HIV+ men was used as a weapon of genocide.

-Over half of the surviving children stopped their schooling because of poverty.

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International response and/or intervention and its effect (if any)

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International response and/or intervention and its effect (if any)

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-Claiming to be caught unaware by the killings, the United States knew of the danger in Rwanda. However, no actions were taken. Months before the killing began, the commander of the UN Peacekeepers in Rwanda, sent a “genocide fax”, warning of an “anti-Tutsi extermination” plot.

-President Clinton still avoided U.S. involvement. He had the idea that there were no U.S. interests in Rwanda, so they would not intervene.

-International leaders refused to use their authority to end the genocides. When disapproval was finally voiced, the murders in Rwanda did not stop. The whole world saw what was happening, yet refused to step in.

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USA - CLINTON COMMENTS ON RWANDAN SITUATION

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Parallels and/or similarities with the 1993-1995 war in Bosnia

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Parallels and/or similarities with the 1993-1995 war in Bosnia

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-Just like Rwanda, Bosnia had many groups which had previously lived together peacefully and with no friction.

-Both ‘revolts’ ended in ethnic cleansing

-Unlike Rwanda, other countries flew in to help and stop the attacks
-Cleanup is still going on for both events