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In the early nineteenth century England had become the first country to experience the industrial revolution, which led to an increase in population and the emergence of an industrial and urban society-

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In this era a large part of society worked in the industry. This fact caused that the small craftsmen lost their places of work. The factories claimed primarily women and children to work and thus pay lower salaries:

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In the 18th and 19th centuries, the society for promoting Christian knowledge founded many charity schools for poor students in the 7 to 11 age group. These schools were the basis for the development of modern concepts of primary and secondary eduation. The Society also was an early provider of teacher education.

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The English population was mostly working class. The middle class had few members, since the minimum requirement to be considered is at least one servant, a task occupied mainly by women.

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At the beginning of the century the political system was an oligarchy, that is, only a masculine minority had the right to vote; although with time the suffrage reached men of all social classes.

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The English doctor Edward Jenner extracted a purulent virus from a sick peasant and inoculated it (introduced) into the arm of the child James Phipps, administering the first vaccine.

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The ingrained custom of afternoon tea was devised in England in 1840 by Anna Russell, Duchess of Bedford. This noble lady was Queen of Alcove of Queen Victoria and while visiting Belvoir Castle instituted the custom of afternoon tea to appreciate that the dinner schedule was falling more and more and there was a need to consume some type of food at half late. The first "tearoom" was opened in London in 1864.

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The popular lullaby song "London Bridge is Falling Down" may be more than 1,000 years old. The London Bridge has burned down and collapsed many times throughout the history of the capital of England.

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In the eighteenth century, miners began to dig deeper and deeper in their search for larger quantities of coal. The water tended to leak and flooded these deeper mines. The need was raised for an economic method to pump water out of the mines. The steam engine was initially developed to meet this specific need.