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March 3, 1865 Freedmen's Bureau created 

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March 3, 1865 Freedmen's Bureau created 

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Provides assistance to emancipated African Americans.

Former slaves were provided immediate shelter and medical services

Abolished in 1872

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April 15, 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated 

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April 15, 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated 

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He was assassinated while watching Our American Cousin at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. by John Wilkes Booth.

He mentioned black suffrage for solders and some others in his last speech

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Access Google Sites with a personal Google account or Google Workspace account (for business use).

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April 15, 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president 

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April 15, 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president 

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He implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom

It offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South, and they were denied any role in the process

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Southern legislatures begin drafted black codes to re-establish white supremacy

It imposed restrictions on black citizens, the new laws amount to slavery without the chain.

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December 6, 1865 13th Amendment is ratified 

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December 6, 1865 13th Amendment is ratified 

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The 13th amendment states: "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction."

The second section of the amendment gives Congress the "power to enforce" that ban by passing "appropriate legislation."

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The KKK was founded in Pulaski, Tennessee by a group of Confederate veterans, and grew from a secret social fraternity to paramilitary force.

The Ku Klux Klan was dedicated to use violence against Republican leaders and votes (black and white).

This was an effort to restore white supremacy in the South and reverse the policies of the Radical Reconstruction

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The Civil Rights Bill grants citizenship and the same rights to all male persons in the United States (without distinction to race, color or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude).

The bill was the first major piece of legislation to override a presidential veto.

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Whites assaulted blacks on the streets for three days in Memphis, Tennessee.

As a result 48 people ended up dead (nearly all black) and black homes, churches and schools were either pillaged or burned

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March 2, 1867 - March 11, 1868 Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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March 2, 1867 - March 11, 1868 Reconstruction Acts of 1867

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Confederacy is divided into five military districts by Congress (except for Tennessee.)

Each state was required to write a new constitution which needed to be approved by a majority of voters that included African Americans.

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July 28, 1868 14th Amendment is ratified 

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July 28, 1868 14th Amendment is ratified 

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Guarantees due process and equal protection under the law to African Americans

Citizenship is granted to all people born or naturalized in the U.S.

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The former Union general becomes the 18th president

He ambitiously hoped to protect the rights of former enslaved people and expand Republican influence over the region while simultaneously avoiding another civil war.

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Winter 1868 Southern Constitutional Conventions including freedman 

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Winter 1868 Southern Constitutional Conventions including freedman 

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It was the first in Louisiana to provide a formal bill of rights.

The new constitution did little to end racial discriminations and not a lot of African Americans could afford to do things like, attend the opera, or eat and drink at exclusive clubs.

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February 3, 1870 15th Amendment is ratified 

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February 3, 1870 15th Amendment is ratified 

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Extended the vote to all male citizens regardless of racer or previous condition of servitude.

African Americans held office in many Southern states and exercised the right to vote

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June 1870, Treaty of Annexation of Santo Domingo 

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June 1870, Treaty of Annexation of Santo Domingo 

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To annex Santo Domingo as territory, with the promise of eventual statehood.

The president (Ulysses S. Grant) feared some European power would take the island in violation of the Monroe Doctrine.

The treaty was failed.

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The Colfax Massacre was a battle-turned-massacre, as a clash between blacks and white

An estimated 150 black died, while only 3 whites died.

It took place against the backdrop of racial tensions following the Louisiana governor's race of 1872.

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1875 Mississippi Plan or "Shotgun Policy" 

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1875 Mississippi Plan or "Shotgun Policy" 

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This was the violence and intimidation of black and white votes destroyed the effectiveness of the Republican Party in most era of the South.

Whites left the GOP and rejoined the Democrats or quit politics.

Black were at the risk of being killed if they continued to vote.

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After the 1876 election Compromise of 1877

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After the 1876 election Compromise of 1877

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It was an informal, unwritten deal that settled the disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election

Republican Rutherford B. Hayes removed the federal troops from South Carolina, Florida and Louisiana, and was rewarded the White House.