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Peer Review Questions Date:1-21
What were some of my most powerful learning moments and what made them so?
Using the rubric to gauge what we need to add to our project helped a lot. Also when we brainstormed what we were going to do after we read the article it was helpful to use both of our minds as one, leading to a better end result.
How well did I and my team communicate overall
Outside of class we didn't communicate very often, however we did do a good job at communicating our ideas and what we were going to do in breakout rooms.
How can I better support and encourage my teammates on this unit 2 padlet and future projects?
Looking back at past projects and finding mistakes or work maybe wasn't my best could help. 

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1. What were some of my most powerful learning moments and what made them so?
One of my most powerful learning moments was when I was stuck looking for a secondary source relating COPD to homeostasis. I realized that I had not been searching for the right thing, I had to make my search more specific. I read in one of the other articles that co2 affects blood pH and I realized that blood pH was something that needed to be maintained in the body. I searched up articles that related COPD to blood pH levels and then I found a good article.
2. How well did I and my team communicate overall?
We communicated pretty well and I think we were clear with who is doing what.
3. How can I better support and encourage my teammates on this unit 2 padlet and future projects?
I can support them by communicating more to clarify questions we have and working together well in class.

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Reduce your likelihood of getting COPD by quitting smoking.

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This video clip is part of UCSF's campaign to end health inequities.

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UCSF: The Campaign - Partnering to Achieve Health Equity

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A diagram of the respiratory system.

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These bar graphs show the data that proves that patients with COPD-HF affects their intake of oxygen which inhibits COPD-HF have a lower limit of tolerance when doing a constant load of exercise in comparison to HF patients as shown in the left bar graph. The bars represent the limit of tolerance for the different groups of patients. The error bars do not overlap meaning there is a significant difference between groups. The COPD-HF patients have a significantly lower limit of tolerance. COPD-HF patients also intake less oxygen than HF patients, but the difference is not significant. The he bars represent the intake of oxygen for the different groups of patients. The error bars do overlap meaning there is likely no significant difference between the amount of oxygen intake from COPD-HF patients and HF patients.

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The respiratory system helps maintain homeostasis in the body. One of the things needed to keep stable is blood pH which is affected by how much carbon dioxide is in it. COPD patients have chronically higher levels of carbon dioxide because their airways are narrower meaning it is harder to breathe. It is harder for oxygen to go to the lungs and more carbon dioxide to leave therefore they retain more carbon dioxide. These higher carbon dioxide levels makes the normal acid-base balance of blood more acidic. COPD interferes with homeostasis because it increases the acidity of blood pH which is something that needs to be maintained. So, the body must maintain blood pH another way. The body tries to adjust by retaining more bicarbonate to balance out the acidity. Then the kidney adapt to excrete carbon dioxide, as carbonic acid, and take in more bicarbonate. This response helps maintain blood pH and to ensure it doesn’t get too low. (Pahal, 2020)

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Treatment can ease symptoms, prevent problems, and overall make the life of people living with COPD better. Bronchodilators are devices that loosen up the airways and make it easier to breath. They are usually taken through an inhaler. You can also get surgery, however this rarely happens and only in extreme life-threatening cases where all other treatments have failed. the surgeons open up you lungs and remove damaged areas. On top of these treatments, there are countless medications that someone could take. Pietrangelo, A. (2019, March 29). COPD: (Stages, Causes, Treatment, and More. Retrieved January 21, 2021,)

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Some of the early signs of COPD include but not limited to, shortness of breath, heart pain, and a chronic cough that can produce a green slimy mucous. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions that contribute to COPD. These two conditions usually occur together and can have different severities in severity among individuals with COPD (COPD. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2021, from

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COPD. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2021, from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/copd

(n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2021, from https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/ajrccm.176.3.314a

Pietrangelo, A. (2019, March 29). COPD: Stages, Causes, Treatment, and More. Retrieved January 21, 2021, from https://www.healthline.com/health/copd#Medications%20for%20COPD

Pahal, P. (2020, December 01). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Compensatory Measure. Retrieved January 21, 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525962/#:~:text=In%20COPD%20patients%2C%20chronically%20elevated,form%20hydrogen%20and%20bicarbonate%20ions.

Mattina, C. (2016, December 17). Racial and Gender Disparities in COPD Risk for Never-Smokers. Retrieved January 17, 2021, from https://www.ajmc.com/view/racial-gender-disparities-in-copd-risk-for-never-smokers

COPD. (2020, April 15). Retrieved January 21, 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/copd/symptoms-causes/syc-20353679

Goulart, C., Arêas, G., Caruso, F., Araújo, A., Moura, S., Catai, A., . . . Borghi-Silva, A. (2020, July 21). Effect of high-intensity exercise on cerebral, respiratory and peripheral muscle oxygenation of HF and COPD-HF patients. Retrieved January 27, 2021, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147956320302752

Learn About COPD. (n.d.). Retrieved January 27, 2021, from https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/copd/learn-about-copd#:~:text=COPD%20is%20the%20third%20leading,term%20disability%20and%20early%20death.

Diagrams
https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Biology-Respiratory-System-Anatomy-Diagram-1883614

https://community.aafa.org/blog/what-happens-in-your-airways-when-you-have-asthma

PSA Pictures
https://artibiotics.com/medical-illustration
https://www.verywellhealth.com/end-stage-copd-914752

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The best was to prevent COPD is to keep yourself away from smoke, whether from fires, drugs, or cigarettes. (COPD. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2021, from) Another way to prevent COPD is regular exercise. Working out heals the lungs and can bring back strength lost from smoke. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2021,)

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How COPD and its affects the Respiratory System

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How COPD and its affects the Respiratory System

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COPD is a group of lung diseases that make it hard to breath. Some of the most common conditions are emphysema and bronchitis. COPD causes a number of dangerous health problems in the lungs. With COPD the airways of the bronchial tubes can become inflamed and narrowed. they also tend to collapse when you breathe out and can become clogged with mucus. this reduces the overall airflow throughout the lungs, a condition called and airway obstruction, which can maket it difficult to move air in acn out of the lungs. (COPD. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2021, from)

Chronic bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes. The bronchial tubes are hollow which allow them to carry air to the alveoli. If the bronchial tubes are inflames then they are more narrow which inhibit its ability to perform its function because it is harder for air to flow through them.

Emphysema is when the alveoli are damaged because of exposure to external factors like cigarette smoke. The alveoli are grape like sacs that allow the gas exchange to happen. If they are damaged then it can not perform its function. If the bronchial tubes or the alveoli can not function, then the respiratory system can not function properly either. (COPD. 2020)

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This image is a diagram of a clogged bronchial tube side by side to a clear one.

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The article claims that black people and women are at a higher risk of getting COPD because of socioeconomic inequities and biological factors. This demonstrates the issue of equity because it shows how racial inequities lead to black people having a higher risk of getting COPD. Black people are more likely to have a lower income and therefore a lower socioeconomic status, so they have a higher chance of being exposed to factors that cause COPD like secondhand cigarette smoke. (Mattina, Racial and Gender Disparities in COPD Risk for Never-Smokers 2016)

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Pink =Oliver
Blue = Alayna
Green = 1 contribution by each member, or work together