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The people of ancient Greece were aware of the day and night cycles. In the late hours, the sun would set and stars drifted across the sky. In the morning, the moon would set, the stars would disappear, and the sun would rise from the east. However, they couldn't feel the planet moving. All of these observations supported a geocentric model.

That is the idea that Earth stands motionless in the centre of the universe, and that everything else revolves around us. Aristotle,The Greek philosopher, based his whole system of astronomy on this idea.

He believed that all the planets we’re just little orbs that couldn’t move without someone pushing them around and that someone was called ‘The Prime Mover’.

Aristotle’s system, no matter how silly, actually could roughly predict where the stars and planets would move.

An astronomer of Roman descent named Ptolemy discovered that this model was just incomplete. His perspective was that the planets didn’t just circulate the universe at random, but that they rotated in perfect circles around the world. He called them epicycles. When in their epicycle, planets would appear brighter when closer to Earth. This also explained why planets might seem to hover in position or move backwards.

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Copernicus working out his heliocentric model

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Back in ancient times, philosophers were still trying to work out space as much as we do now, probably more. Because of that everyone wanted to investigate earth and its position in the solar system. So a very famous greek philosopher called Aristotle wanted to find out. One day he was sitting beneath a tree watching the stars, sun and moon pass overhead-these observations of his pointed to a geocentric model. Aristotle thought that earth stayed stagnant while everything orbited around it-basically he saw the universe as a set of transparent shells. Each object in the sky was attached to one of those celestial spheres. Aristotle’s system may have just been a theory but it had its uses. It approximately could predict the positions of planets and stars in the sky. At the time people stuck with it because nothing with a better concept had come up yet. A roman astrologer known by the name of Ptolemy figured out the model was incomplete and came up with the idea that planets weren’t directly attached to celestial spheres, instead they rotated around in perfect circles he called epicycles-it explained inaccuracies that weren’t previously answered. It was complex, but very accurate so people used it for another millennium. However, approximately a millennium later a polish cleric called Copernicus started to notice some inaccuracies-that’s when it hit him-what if the rising and setting of our sun was not related only to its motion, but the spinning of our own planet? And what if all the planets including earth revolved around the sun? So for the next decade or so Copernicus worked out his heliocentric model.  He added the suggestion that the earth was at a tilt-he thought that would explain the yearly cycle of seasons. But you should remember back then the Church had power over everything and he didn’t want to undermine the Church’s position, hence waiting until his last days to share his theories as he knew his opinions and findings were controversial-“I can readily imagine, holy father, that as soon as some people hear that in this volume, which I have written about the revolutions of the spheres of the universe, I ascribe certain motions to the terrestrial globe, they will shout that I must be immediately repudiated together with this belief”-Copernicus, On the revolutions of the Celestial Spheres.
Obviously they met with a lot of controversy. It was quite difficult for the church to accept. If the earth was spinning, how did a rock getting tossed into the air didn’t land somewhere else, etc. But as time passed, any problems with the heliocentric model Copernicus altered got solved over time.

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Leonardo Vinci was born Florence Italy in 1452. He is a sculptor, engineer , painter and mathematician. He became famlus by one of his drawing

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He was a British Scientist. And studied medicine. Charles Darwin signed up for a job on the HMS beagle, the beagle went to south America. In 1831 to map the country cost lines. The voyage lasted about 5 years, Darwin belived animals could not pass on traits during their own life times. In 1859 Darwin published his finding in a book.

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He was a scientist that made an invention of telescopes. He also studied the universe, for example he said that all the other planets orbited planet earth and was proven wrong in court and was on house arrest, and then was sentenced to life.

Fun fact about Galileo Galilei,
He always thought that planet earth was never the center of the universe....

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Charles Darwin discovered the evolutionary theory, in the 19 century. he studied the university of Edinburghat and christ’s College in 1828, all that studying pay off when he got hired at HMS beagle. whne they took a voyage for 5 years. When on his trip one of his most famous works was at galapago island when he saw at every different island the mocking birds had different beaks from what food what food they had, but he wasnt the only one who realised this Jean-baptiste marck who believed a animal used a body part a lot would grow that trait and pass it down to their offspring. but charles didn’t believe most of it he thought that the ones who had the traits to survive would survive and pass it down with their mate who also had that trait. - victoria

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Copernicus was a polish cleric who a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than Earth at its center, which was revolutionary for these reasons...
1. he was a catholic, so he was in the church [read no. 2 for reason]
2. the catholic church was following aristotle's and Ptolemy's belief that Earth was the center of the universe.
For these reasons, he waited until the end of his life to share these findings, which was controversial. -sophia

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Charles Darwin developed the modern theory of revolution. He studied medicine and nature. he had a job on the HMS Beagle for 5 years. The ship sailed around south America. While on the ship he studied plants.

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-Sascha

Ada Lovelace

When Ada was  young she had to stay in bed for almost a year because she had a disease, but she got to get some home school tutoring by scientists.

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Sir Isaac Newton ( 4 January 1643-31 March 1727) was famous for his theory of gravitation and he helped invent calculus.

He created his theory from when he came home from Trinity College, and he was sitting under a tree when an apple fell and hit his head which then he wondered if the same force was used when the moon and sun orbited around the earth.

He then publish his book called the

Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. ( The Prinipia)

Newton was a English physician, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher.

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he invented caculas and his theroy of gravity
and he almost became a farmer. He wasn't only doing science he did astronomy too
- Austin

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Rachel Carson had a degree in marine biology and started of doing a podcast for marine biology.

Then Rachel noticed that DDT' a chemical used to kill bugs that would stay for a long time, effecting the food chain so she wrote a book called "Silent Spring" that spread awarness. Then later she died of cancer and the DDT was banned

By Ava Wilkinson

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Galileo found out that the earth evolves around the sun.

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Galileo found out that the earth evolves around the sun.

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He proved that lightning was a form of electricity by flying a kite during a thunderstorm and collects ambient electrical charge in a Leyden jar, enabling him to demonstrate the connection between lightning and electricity.
Lily.Zeng

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Nicola Tesla came up with a lot of crazy ideas such as wireless electricity a force field and a beam blaster and a lot of amazing stuff. Even though not much of them are created.

Brooklyn

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Ada was born in London and spend most of her life there. Ada then spent most of her schooling focusing on maths. Ada Lovelace work with Charles Babbage. Charles had created what was considered the first computer program and Ada was the first official programer. She then translated a french book written about it Charles which took her 9 months.

By Elise Maidment

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In 1842, another mathematician wrote a detailed description

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Dr.Sally Ride worked as a business and an educator. She was even the second woman to reach space. As a girl Sally loved science and even sports too. In 1978 she was accepted in NASA 1978.

By Josh Taylor

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Rachel Carson was Born in 1907 in springdale.
She started writing stories about animals and focused to be a marine biologist.

She became a science communicator and helped people understand the meanings of different science words.

Later in life she studied a project called DDT that was a chemical people used to kill bugs that was not good for the earth

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She was a polish scientist and was the person who found out about atom changes in itself and was the first and only woman to win a noble prize ASWELL as being the only person ever to win 2 nobel prizes