# data[].attributes.body
Who- Boyan slat ( founder of The ocean cleanup).
What-he founded the company ocean cleanup that aims to clean up the ocean.
Where- there registered to the netherlands but they clean up rivers in africa and malaysia, Etc.
When- the company was founded in 2013 (7 years ago).
Why- he went surfing and noticed there was so much trash in the sea and
How- he did a ted talk on the issue and raised a bunch of money and made tonnes of prototypes and the government supported the idea and donated millons to save the ocean.

# data[].attributes.body
the biggest threat to the littoral zone is climate change and people on the beaches leaving thier trash getting into the liitoral zone and eventualy into the ochean and the second biggest thret is people stepping on the animals and the plants and killing them.

# data[].attributes.body
One of the interesting parts of my ecosystem is if you did not have this ecosystem you could not have waves and that this zone is in charge of making those nice sandy beaches and last but not least is its a small ecosystem but it has hundreds on animals and or plants.

the best resource was Britannica it was trustworthy and gave me info that was mind-blowing my second recourse was not as trustworthy as there a limited resources on this ecosystem is Wikipedia and anyone can contribute.

since the littoral zone is in charge of waves the biggest human impact is people stepping on animals and plants in my ecosystem.

people are putting up barriers so people don't go into this zone and kill plants and animals and also on days where the ecosystem is producing big waves and people want to go surfing people are protecting the area so it is not destroyed.

# data[].attributes.body
the littoral zone ecosystem is being protected by waves.

# data[].attributes.body
T- this resource is uncertain as it can be edited by anyone. so sometimes i can and sometimes it isn't.
R-it relevant to my topic and it does anaser all the questions of my topic and doesn't go into other subjects.
U- it is hard to understand as it goes into way more complicated and use longer words.
S- it has longer explanations and help you understand. the downsides are that it can be edited by anyone so could be inaccurate.
T-it was edited recently but it refers to sources from 2000 so no it is not timely.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The littoral zone or nearshore is the part of a sea, lake, or river that is close to the shore. In coastal environments, the littoral zone extends from the high water mark, which is rarely inundated, to shoreline areas that are permanently submerged. The littoral zone always includes this intertidal zone, and the terms are often used interchangeably. However, the meaning of littoral zone can extend well beyond the intertidal zone.

The term has no single definition. What is regarded as the full extent of the littoral zone, and the way the littoral zone is divided into subregions, varies in different contexts. (Lakes and rivers have their own definitions.) The use of the term also varies from one part of the world to another, and between different disciplines. For example, military commanders speak of the littoral in ways that are quite different from marine biologists.

The adjacency of water gives a number of distinctive characteristics to littoral regions. The erosive power of water results in particular types of landforms, such as sand dunes, and estuaries. The natural movement of the littoral along the coast is called the littoral drift. Biologically, the ready availability of water enables a greater variety of plant and animal life, and particularly the formation of extensive wetlands. In addition, the additional local humidity due to evaporation usually creates a microclimate supporting unique types of organisms.

The word littoral may be used both as a noun and as an adjective. It derives from the Latin noun litus, litoris, meaning "shore". (The doubled tt is a late-medieval innovation, and the word is sometimes seen in the more classical-looking spelling litoral.)

In oceanography and marine biology, the idea of the littoral zone is extended roughly to the edge of the continental shelf. Starting from the shoreline, the littoral zone begins at the spray region just above the high tide mark. From here, it moves to the intertidal region between the high and low water marks, and then out as far as the edge of the continental shelf. These three subregions are called, in order, the supralittoral zone, the eulittoral zone and the sublittoral zone.

Supralittoral zone

The supralittoral zone (also called the splash, spray or supratidal zone) is the area above the spring high tide line that is regularly splashed, but not submerged by ocean water. Seawater penetrates these elevated areas only during storms with high tides. Organisms that live here must cope with exposure to fresh water from rain, cold, heat, dryness and predation by land animals and seabirds. At the top of this area, patches of dark lichens can appear as crusts on rocks. Some types of periwinkles, Neritidae and detritus feeding Isopoda commonly inhabit the lower supralittoral.

Eulittoral zone

The eulittoral zone (also called the midlittoral or mediolittoral zone) is the intertidal zone, known also as the foreshore. It extends from the spring high tide line, which is rarely inundated, to the spring low tide line, which is rarely not inundated. It is alternately exposed and submerged,once or twice daily. Organisms living here must be able to withstand the varying conditions of temperature,light, salinity etc. Despite this, productivity is high in this zone. The wave action and turbulence of recurring tides shape and reform cliffs, gaps and caves, offering a huge range of habitats for sedentary organisms. Protected rocky shorelines usually show a narrow almost homogenous eulittoral strip, often marked by the presence of barnacles. Exposed sites show a wider extension and are often divided into further zones. For more on this, see intertidal ecology.

Sublittoral zone

The sublittoral zone starts immediately below the eulittoral zone. This zone is permanently covered with seawater and is approximately equivalent to the neritic zone.

In physical oceanography, the sublittoral zone refers to coastal regions with significant tidal flows and energy dissipation, including non-linear flows, internal waves, river outflows and oceanic fronts. In practice, this typically extends to the edge of the continental shelf, with depths around 200 meters.

In marine biology, the sublittoral zone refers to the areas where sunlight reaches the ocean floor, that is, where the water is never so deep as to take it out of the photic zone. This results in high primary production and makes the sublittoral zone the location of the majority of sea life. As in physical oceanography, this zone typically extends to the edge of the continental shelf. The benthic zone in the sublittoral is much more stable than in the intertidal zone; temperature, water pressure, and the amount of sunlight remain fairly constant. Sublittoral corals do not have to deal with as much change as intertidal corals. Corals can live in both zones, but they are more common in the sublittoral zone.

Within the sublittoral, marine biologists also identify the following:

The infralittoral zone is the algal dominated zone, which may extend to five metres below the low water mark.

The circalittoral zone is the region beyond the infralittoral, that is, below the algal zone and dominated by sessile animals such as mussels and oysters.

Shallower regions of the sublittoral zone, extending not far from the shore, are sometimes referred to as the subtidal zone.

In freshwater situations, littoral zones occur on the edge of large lakes and rivers, often with extensive areas of wetland. Hence, they are sometimes referred to as fringing wetlands. Here, the effects of tides are minimal, so other definitions of "littoral" are used. For example, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources defines littoral as that portion of the lake that is less than 15 feet in depth.

The littoral zone may form a narrow or broad fringing wetland, with extensive areas of aquatic plants sorted by their tolerance to different water depths. Typically, four zones are recognized, from higher to lower on the shore: wooded wetland, wet meadow, marsh and aquatic vegetation. The relative areas of these four types depends not only on the profile of the shoreline, but upon past water levels. The area of wet meadow is particularly dependent upon past water levels; in general, the area of wet meadows along lakes and rivers increases with natural water level fluctuations. Many of the animals in lakes and rivers are dependent upon the wetlands of littoral zones, since the rooted plants provide habitat and food. Hence, a large and productive littoral zone is considered an important characteristic of a healthy lake or river.

Littoral zones are at particular risk for two reasons. First, human settlement is often attracted to shorelines, and settlement often disrupts breeding habitats for littoral zone species. For example, many turtles are killed on roads when they leave the water to lay their eggs in upland sites. Fish can be negatively affected by docks and retaining walls which remove breeding habitat in shallow water. Some shoreline communities even deliberately try to remove wetlands since they may interfere with activities like swimming. Overall, the presence of human settlement has a demonstrated negative impact upon adjoining wetlands. An equally serious problem is the tendency to stabilize lake or river levels with dams. Dams removed the spring flood which carries nutrients into littoral zones, and reduces the natural fluctuation of water levels upon which many wetland plants and animals depend. Hence, over time, dams can reduce the area of wetland from a broad littoral zone to a narrow band of vegetation. Marshes and wet meadows are at particular risk.

For the purposes of naval operations, the United States Navy divides the littoral zone in the ways shown on the diagram at the top of this article. The United States Army Corps of Engineers and Environmental Protection Agency have their own definitions, and these have legal implications.

The UK Ministry of Defence defines the littoral as those land areas (and their adjacent areas and associated air space) that are susceptible to engagement and influence from the sea, a definition which therefore includes a significant portion of land as well as water area.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The littoral zone or nearshore is the part of a sea, lake, or river that is close to the shore. In coastal environments, the littoral zone extends from the high water mark, which is rarely inundated, to shoreline areas that are permanently submerged.

# data[].attributes.body
T- I trust my resource because it very reliable arguably the most reliable source .
R- it focuses in not only one area but it explains the animals the ways it is useful and all about it.
U- it is easy to understand and uses easy word except for when describing things that cant be simply described the names of plants.
S- it is a really trustworthy resource but it has complicated words but somewhat give a definition.
T- the latest revision/edit was in 2019 so it has been edited in the past 5 years so it is relevant.

# data[].attributes.body
is important but not much informations surrounds this ecosystem

# data[].attributes.body
Protected rocky shores are generally covered with seaweeds, mussels, barnacles, and so on, with various kinds of crabs and worms crawling among them. Protected sandy and muddy bottoms teem with burrowing mollusks, worms, and echinoderms.

# data[].attributes.body
Consequently, the littoral zone has taken as a whole involves an enormous number of species and every major phylum, although the number of individuals may vary widely with location. Coral reefs, rocky coasts, sandy beaches, and sheltered a coastline each possess specialized, intricately interrelated floral and faunal littoral populations.

# data[].attributes.headline
P1-Animals that live in the littoral zone 

# data[].attributes.subject
P1-Animals that live in the littoral zone 

# data[].attributes.body
The types of living things that inhabit a littoral zone depend to a considerable extent on the type of bottom and on the degree of the zone’s exposure to wave action. Various kinds of crabs and worms, Coral reefs, alge, plankton, seaweed.

# data[].attributes.body
the littoral zone is what causes those nice tides at beaches and big waves.

# data[].attributes.body
Characteristics of a littoral zone include abundant dissolved oxygen, sunlight, nutrients, generally high wave energies and water motion. Moving over to the intertidal subzone, the characteristics include alternating submergence and exposure.

# data[].attributes.body
the littoral zone is a marine realm that experiences the effects of tides, currents and breaking waves to a depth of 5 to 10 metres (16 to 33 feet) below the low-tide level, depending on the intensity of storm waves.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Littoral zone, marine ecological realm that experiences the effects of tidal and longshore currents and breaking waves to a depth of 5 to 10 metres (16 to 33 feet) below the low-tide level, depending on the intensity of storm waves. The zone is characterized by abundant dissolved oxygen, sunlight, nutrients, generally high wave energies and water motion, and, in the intertidal subzone, alternating submergence and exposure. The geological nature of shorelines and nearshore bottoms is exceedingly varied. Consequently, the littoral fauna taken as a whole involves an enormous number of species and every major phylum, although the number of individuals may vary widely with locality. Coral reefs, rocky coasts, sandy beaches, and sheltered embayments each possess specialized, intricately interrelated floral and faunal littoral populations.

The types of living things that inhabit a littoral zone depend to a considerable extent on the type of bottom and on the degree of the zone's exposure to wave action. Exposed sandy coasts generally develop sparse populations, especially between the tide lines, while the few organisms inhabiting wave-swept rocky shores are generally firmly cemented or anchored to the substratum. Bays and inlets that are protected from violent wave action often develop rich populations, however. Protected rocky shores are generally covered with seaweeds, mussels, barnacles, and so on, with various kinds of crabs and worms crawling among them. Protected sandy and muddy bottoms teem with burrowing mollusks, worms, and echinoderms.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Littoral zone, marine ecological realm that experiences the effects of tidal and longshore currents and breaking waves to a depth of 5 to 10 metres (16 to 33 feet) below the low-tide level, depending on the intensity of storm waves. The zone is characterized by abundant dissolved oxygen, sunlight,