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Name: Phillip
Age: 13
Birthday: December 27th
Nationality: Cambodian
Preferred language: English
Interests: " I'm investing in real and estate" - DaBaby
Hobbies: video editing, minecraft, League of Legends
My favorite quote by me:
"Communism will thrive"

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Charger - To consistently charge the laptop
Enough space for water/soda
Standard office chair - Comfortable enough seat
Keyboard & mouse - for less fatigue whilst typing and easier to navigate using a mouse
Enough space for a notebook and pencil
Window - Natural lighting
Room temperature - Ac is not on and I have my window opened most of the time

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Having a tidy workspace can be very beneficial because it's not a hassle when trying to find items for specific classes; everything is there for you already and there's enough space for everything else such as other notebooks or paper.

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WWW: Everything required for school is there and the photo meets the specifications on what a standard workspace should include excluding a few pieces of equipment that shouldn't affect my studying that much.

EBI: There was nothing to critique, everything I had was reaching the minimum expectation

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Aesthetic- It's very detailed which helps different it from other buildings. It's made of stone and most of the details are there and similar to the original.

Cost- It only cost around 20$ The stone is pretty cheap but most of it comes from the craftsmanship.

Customer- This is more of a souvenir meaning it's for all ages. Mainly tourists will be buying this.

Environment- It can definitely be reduced to just stone and reused. It can be repaired and recycled so yes it is environmentally friendly.

Size- It's pretty small, being only a couple of cm tall.

Safety- Because it's made out of stone, it could harm people if it's used incorrectly. Besides that, if it was stationary as intended, it shouldn't be that harmful.

Function- It has a feature inside of to be a candle holder. Besides that, it's pretty much just a souvenir

Material- It's fully made out of stone meaning it's durable but still lightweight.

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We created a model of the independence monument with the materials provided in our household.

Materials used:
- Hair wax
- Uno Cards
- Sticky notes
-  Paperclip

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An accurate "to-scale" model can be hard to replicate especially with specific measurements and details.

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Situation: The diorama club at NISC is in need of items that could accurately portray famous landscapes

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1. Independence Monument
Located in the center of Phnom Penh. 37 meters tall (121 ft)

Secondary Source

2. Royal Palace
Where the King of Cambodia resides. 108 meters long across the front, 120 meters deep (including the central quadrangle), and 24 metres high.

Primary Source and Secondary Source

3. Vattanac capital
The tallest building in Phnom Penh. 187.3-metre (615 ft),
39-story building.

Primary Source and Secondary Source

4. Central Market
The capital of Phnom Penh where people can sell and buy goods. 48 feet (45 meters) in diameter and 85 feet (26 meters) high.

Primary Source and Secondary Source

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A Secondary Source on how to use Tinkercad for beginngers

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Getting Started in Tinkercad: A Tutorial for Complete Beginners

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Secondary Source on how to use a 3D printer.

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The Ultimate Beginner's Guide to 3D Printing - Part 1

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Other software such as Blender or Tinkercad could be used to design/create the models. Tinkercad is mainly for beginners/students who aren't too familiar with model creation yet because of its user-friendly interface/GUI. Blender is more for the people who are somewhat experienced and can be very useful when creating very detailed and intricate models such as the model above, however, Its GUI isn't as user-friendly for beginners because of how many features it includes.

Blender itself is compatible and supports 3D printing since 2002. The same goes for Tinkercad since its release in 2011.

Primary Sources for 'Blender' research.
Primary and Secondary Sources for 'Tinkercad' research.

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1. Plastic
a) Polyastic Acid - Eco friendly
b) Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene - Durability and safety
2. Powders
a) Nylon - Durability and Flexibility
b) Alumide - Strong and good for porotypes and models
3. Resins
a) High detail resins - Good for small models
b) Paintable resins - Smooth
c) Transparent resins - Transparent appearance
4. Metal
a) Stainless steel - Good for contact with water
b) Aluminum - Thin objects
c) Titanium - strong
5. Carbon Fiber - To make plastic stronger
6. Graphite and Graphene - Strength
7. Nitinol - Flexibility
8. Paper - Realistic and makes it better than 2D

Secondary Source

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Secondary Source on how to use Tinkercad and a 3D printer.

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Getting Started in Tinkercad: A Tutorial for Complete Beginners

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I'm going to create a model of the Colosseum because I think it's one of, if not the most popular building in Rome. The main software and materials I'll be using will be Tinkercad then exporting and printing it out using a 3D printer. This product will be made for the diorama club at NISC because they need items that could accurately portray famous landscapes. Many of the details such as all the windows will be excluded because if we included them, then the diorama would be too hollow and break easily. If we were to fill in the inside, then the details would be able to add all the detail, but it would be barely noticeable without color. To figure out if the product was a success, I will be sending a google form to a random group of people (5-10) in my grade and get feedback. Some challenges that I will face will be the designing and creation of the model in tinkercad; measuring out each dimension and finding the ratio for each part of the model is going to be challenging because of how much math is required. Another challenge that I will face will be making sure that the model structurally is stable enough; where it would withstand a sub-series of tests that will test its endurance.

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Strength- Its materials are easy to obtain and is very simple to make the product itself.

Weakness- Its material is very weak and is susceptible to a lot of damage (Very fragile).

Opportunity-  DIY product, meaning you can easily make it yourself.

Threats- This product is mainly for looks since it's made of a material that's very easily destroyed(damaged).

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'Exporting the model with the product printed out.'

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An example of what the model should look like. (NOTE: results may vary ƒrom factors such as the material used or the printer used)

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Strengths: This is a 3D printed model of the famous Merlion in Singapore. Because of how detailed and intricate it is, the best option for it was to create it by 3D printing because it's a robot that's creating the model instead of human hands which could be very time consuming and not as detailed/good.

Weakness: This product doesn't have a lot of functions especially because of its size, and it's mainly just for display.

Opportunities:  This model can be used for testing and developing 3D printing skills. This product can be used as a way to test how detailed you can get with a 3D printer and can be used as a reference for bigger models in the future.

Threats: The material seems to be made out of plastic and is not recyclable.

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Strengths: It's a 3D printed model of the Leaning Tower of Pisa. The material used is strong enough to hold the model in shape even when it's leaning and makes it much more durable. The thing that distinguishes it is the outer building enclosing it because it's something that not a lot of other monuments have used which makes it unique to the Leaning Tower of Pisa.

Weakness: This product doesn't have a lot of functions especially because of its size, and it's mainly just for display.

Opportunities: This model could be used for day-to-day equipment such a pencil holder if the inside were to be hollowed out. It could also be used as a reference or a test run.

Threats: Because of its enclosure, it can easily pick up debris and dust which could lead to it becoming weaker/less durable and could break.

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Strengths: It's a 3D printed model of a Moai statue located on easter island. It's a very simple model meaning it's very easy to replicate. It's simplistic design and odd shape is what makes it so recognizable.

Weakness: This product doesn't have a lot of functions especially because of its size, and it's mainly just for display.

Opportunities: This product could be used as a test for bigger projects or maybe used as reference.

Threats: The material seems to be plastic which is non-recyclable.

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Strengths: It's a 3D printed model of a traditional Japanese house from what I can observe. It's created using plastic meaning it's quite durable. The roofing I think is what makes this model unique, because Japan traditionally is known for roofing such as this and the model perfectly encapsulates that, meaning it's very recognizable what country of origin this is from. It is also created using 2 parts which allow the 3D printer to actually print more intricate details such as the roof.

Weakness: This product doesn't have a lot of functions especially because of its size, and it's mainly just for display.

Opportunities: The Model itself is already a house, meaning it could be used for recreational purposes if the inside were to be hollow.

Threats: It can easily collect dust in the underparts of the roof because of all the cracks and crevices.

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Caption: I chose this specific landmark because it could allow me to demonstrate my technical skills in tinkercad because of how intricate yet simplistic it is to the original landmark, meaning it would reach my design specification of having an accurate amount of detail with the limited resources I have. It's very recognizable due to its simplistic shape meaning it's easily noticeable even with minimal detailing. Although it might not show in the sketch because it was a quick sketch of how it would be created, throughout the design process, you can see that the miniature will be an exact ratio of the original landmark and will all be created using tinkercad or blender depending on how intricate the piece is. It will also be very durable because the shape is circular, meaning it would be able to withstand harsher environments compared to other shapes such as a hollow pyramid (Pyramid of Giza)and will be able to withstand all the requirements. It will also be created out of 3D printing filament (PLA) meaning it will be durable enough to withstand drops, hits, and colder or warmer temperatures. This model was based on the past, more will be added/changed later on to match the present-day landmark.

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Exact Ratios for the colosseum itself:
Length: 2700:1 for length
Width: 2700:1 for width
Height: 280:1 for height

Circumference of the colosseum:
220m

Arches:
Width: 4200:1 for width / 1mm
Height:420:1 for height / 10mm
Length: 5mm

Number of Arches per "level": 24 arches
Number of Arches in total: 58
(72 Arches pre-destruction of the colosseum)

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To develop further from my sketch in B2, I've decided to accurately measure out every layer and archway of the colosseum in order to accurately get the perfect measurements and ratios because this connects back to my design specification of having to have a large amount of detail in the model.

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" Create the arches ( grouping a semi circle with a 1mx5mx10m rectangular prism ) "

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" Add a hollow circle and stretch the dimensions to the allocated map area (70mmx70mm) "

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" Add the arches on the circle and rotate them to make them parallel to each side of the circle "

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" Connect the arches using rectangular prisms "

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" Duplicate the model twice then add them on top of the model. "

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" Add hollowed out circles in the inside of the model to create seats "

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" Download the final model as an STL file then airdrop it to Mr. Jesse "

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Using the side toolbar to change camera angles 

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Using the side toolbar to change camera angles 

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Ruler tool to make sure the arches are in the correct places

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Ruler tool to make sure the arches are in the correct places

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I decided instead of printing out everything at once, I would rather print each layer separately because the printer wouldn't be able to print the top layer without it falling/breaking; you can see from the photo above. By printing each one separately, I would be able to not worry about the printing going wrong somehow and I would be able to easily glue it together using hot glue. This will also make it so I would be able to create the structure of the model much stronger since I can add different substances inside besides just relying on the filament to hold it together.

I did not think of this before because I did not see how much and big the 3D printer could print, this is after I've seen what it could do.

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Changed from using pillars to using arches because it was more accurate to the original landmark.

Using arches will also be more structurally stable because each part is connected with and without the connecting walls.

The reason why I didn't think of this beforehand was that I thought the colosseum used pillars in that style rather than arches. This was before I did my research on the Colosseum.

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Pros:
1. Intricacy and details are a requirement since we now know that it's possible (Merlion)
2. Printing things with overhangs/no support in different pieces so they don't fall apart (Traditional Japanese House)
3. Product should be made out of PLA filament to make it durable

Cons:
1. Not a lot of functionality
2. Cardboard shouldn't be used since it can easily break

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I will be sending a form to test the success of my product by using my design specifications as a guide.
These are the following questions I will be asking:
- What landmark is this model?
- Does the model include specific details of the original landmark?
- Does the model look to the scale of the original?
- What can I change to improve?
- What are some things I did well?

I asked the last two questions because it will help with D3.

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Google Forms - create and analyze surveys, for free.

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Create a new survey on your own or with others at the same time. Choose from a variety of survey types and analyze results in Google Forms. Free from Google.

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- The model must be created out of 3D printing filament (PLA).

- The file needs to be sent as an STL file.

- The miniature must be close to the exact scale of the original

- The model should include an accurate amount of detail of the original landmark

- The filament should be durable enough to withstand drops, hits, and temperatures.

- The model must be recognized by a group of people (3-5 random peers)

- The model must fit in the allocated map area

- The model can be created using Tinkercad or Blender

- The model should be durable enough to withstand drops, hits, water damage, and throws.

- The model must fit the designated map area of 70x70x170mm

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The model must be created out of 3D printing filament (PLA).

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The model must be created out of 3D printing filament (PLA).

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As you can see from the picture, the design is in fact made from PLA

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The file needs to be sent as an STL file.

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The file needs to be sent as an STL file.

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As you can see from the picture, I've printed it out as an STL file.

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The miniature must be close to the exact scale of the original

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The miniature must be close to the exact scale of the original

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As you can see from the picture, the majority believes that the model is close to the exact scale of the original.

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The model should include an accurate amount of detail of the original landmark

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The model should include an accurate amount of detail of the original landmark

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As you can see from the picture, the majority agrees that the model does include specific details of the original landmark.

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The model should be durable enough to withstand drops, hits, water damage, and throws.

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The model should be durable enough to withstand drops, hits, water damage, and throws.

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As you can see from the video, the model can clearly withstand, hits, drops, and throws.

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The model must be recognized by a group of people (3-5 random peers)

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The model must be recognized by a group of people (3-5 random peers)

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As you can see from the picture, the majority of the people recognized which landmark the model is supposed to be representing. 5 out of the 7 people knew what it was.

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- The model must fit in the allocated map area

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- The model must fit in the allocated map area

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As you can see from the picture, I've changed the grid properties to fit the allocated map area.

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The model can be created using Tinkercad or Blender

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The model can be created using Tinkercad or Blender

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As you can see from the picture, I used tinkercad to create the model.

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The filament should be durable enough to withstand drops, hits, and temperatures.

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The filament should be durable enough to withstand drops, hits, and temperatures.

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The filament is proven to withstand high room and high temperatures, drops, and hits.

This secondary source also proves that the material can withstand high temperatures.

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The growing popularity of 3D printing in industrial applications makes resistance to high temperatures a very desirable feature of filaments. Manufacturers are starting to increasingly print components that operate at elevated temperatures. It is much cheaper and faster than traditional metal fabrication. Nevertheless, to ensure the durability and strength of the 3D printed part, the material must be properly selected for the application.

Choosing the right filament with the required properties and strength is a key design element. Thermal resistance is not always as high as that achieved with metals. They are often used because they are relatively easy to obtain and the manufacturing technologies developed. On the other hand, thermoplastics can withstand higher temperatures as well. It gives many possibilities of using 3D plastic printing in industry or engineering.

In industrial applications, the plastic that replaces metal must have high mechanical strength, and at the same time be resistant to relatively high temperatures. While steel has a temperature resistance of up to 870℃, PLA can only work up to 60℃. So what plastics can withstand higher temperatures?

With the introduction of high-temperature-resistant filaments, the approach to 3D printing applications in industry has changed. Currently available filaments have such a high heat resistance that they can successfully replace metal.

If a very high temperature resistance is required, e.g. 400°C, then unfortunately the element must be made of metal, however, if the component is operated at 200°C, it may be made of plastic. Then the appropriate material will be e.g. PEEK, which has become one of the most popular high-temperature materials in 3D printing. It can work for a long time even at 240°C. PEEK is often used in applications requiring the transmission of high loads and temperatures.

If structures require long-term temperature resistance only up to 120°C, the choice of materials is quite wide. PET-G FX120 is a filament specially designed for engineering applications. It is a flexible and very durable material, so it can be used to make functional parts that will withstand normal use. It is thermally stable up to 120°C during long-term operation, and in the case of short-term operation, it can withstand temperatures up to 160°C.

Another example is nylon, eg PA6 Neat, a functional plastic based on polyamide 6. It exhibits increased mechanical strength and also allows long-term operation at a temperature of 120°C. In the case of short-term operation, like the aforementioned PET-G FX120, its temperature resistance reaches 160°C. In addition, PA6 Neat is characterized by low processing shrinkage, which makes it a perfect filament for making functional elements.

WHAT IS THE FILAMENT WITH THE HIGHEST TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE?

The EXTEM AMHH811F material, produced by the Saudi chemical concern SABIC, is resistant to temperatures up to 247°C. The Italian ROBOZE advertises it as the most temperature-resistant filament for 3D printing. ULTEM, on the other hand, has a glass transition temperature of around 217°C, which is also a promising result.

High temperature resistance gives many possibilities for new applications of additive technologies. The big advantage of plastic elements is much lower weight than their metal counterparts. The mentioned EXTEM material could replace many metal parts, while reducing the weight of the devices.

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What filaments are the most temperature resistant? - 3DPC | We Speak 3D Printing

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The growing popularity of 3D printing in industrial applications makes resistance to high temperatures a very desirable feature of filaments. Manufacturers are starting to increasingly print components that operate at elevated temperatures. It is much cheaper and faster than traditional metal fabrication.

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The feedback overall said the model was recognizable and accurate to the original landmark. However, some EBI's they have noted were...

- Improving the innards of the model by adding more detail such as stairs or a base.
"I think the centre of the landmark looks a bit wonky, so i think adding a bit of detail there would help"

- Adding more details to make it more accurate to the original landmark.
"You couldve added specific details to make it look more like the landmrak"
"Add the smaller details in"

- Improving on the structural integrity of the model itself.
"The model looks unstable"

- Stuff
"stuff"

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Some things I wished I did differently were adding more detailing (seats and decorations such as sculptures) inside of the colosseum because it looks very empty inside besides some seats and walls. The reason why I didn't think of doing this before was that I did not think I would have enough space to add in all of the specific seatings and detailing inside the model due to the size of the seatings and the ratio of the colosseum. I think I could've also added supports or something to ensure that the walls of the colosseum don't bend or break.  Maybe adding an interconnecting wall in some of the arches and to make it look more accurate, it would have to be a sculpture so it wouldn't look out of place. I didn't do this in the original because I did not know it wouldn't be structurally stable or not before printing it.

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I will do a durability of my model to see if it can withstand basic/common accidents to simulate what would actually happened if it were to be dropped.

I will do a series of hits, drops, and throws and see if anything breaks apart. If it does not break apart, then my model has passed my design specification of it having to be durable. I will hit and drop it specifically 5 times on a table in the design room.

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I will be comparing my colosseum model to a factory manufactured one and see what I did well and what was included in mine that was included in the factory one.

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WWW:
I've added the main details of the colosseum such as the correct number of floors, the arches, the stairs, and even made the model look accurately broken. I've also made some things better such as the arches because the factory made one does not have spaces in between them and mine does. This makes it more accurate to the original landmark.

EBI:
I've missed many specific details such as the amount of stairs, the "outer" walls and the "inner" walls of the colosseum, and many small details such as sculptures. They also made it much more detailed and made the material they used to make the model look like bricks and mine does not have that.