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Pastoral Nomadism is a form of subsistence agriculture (farming to eat)  based on the herding of domesticated animals. The word pastoral means sheep herding.

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Camels are well suited to arid, dry climates because they can go long periods of time without water while carrying heavy baggage and move rapidly.

Goats  need more water than camels do, but they are tough and can survive off of pretty much any food.

Sheep are more slow moving and are affected by the climate more, but they help provide clothing and tents with their skin and hair.

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Unlike other subsistence farmers, pastoral nomads mainly depend on animals rather than crops for survival. The animals provide milk, and their skins and hair are used for clothing and tents. Their animals are usually not slaughtered, although some dead ones may be eaten. To nomads, the size of their herd an important measure of power and prestige and also their main security during adverse environmental conditions.

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Nomads select the type and number of animals for the herd according to local cultural and physical characteristics. The choice depends on the ability of the species to adapt to a particular climate and vegetation. The camel is the most highly desired animal in North Africa and Southwest Asia, along with sheep and goats. Horses are also important in Central Asia.

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Nomadic pastoralism is commonly practiced in regions with little arable land, typically in the developing world, especially in the steppe lands north of the agricultural zone of Eurasia. Of the estimated 30–40 million nomadic pastoralists worldwide, most are found in central Asia and the Sahel region of West Africa.

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Today pastoral nomadism is a decline form of agriculture particular a victim of modern technology.

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Pastoral Nomadism has adapted to dry climates, where planting crops is almost impossible. Pastoral nomads primarily live in the large belt of arid and semiarid land that includes Central and Southwest Asia, and North Africa.

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Pastoral nomads do not wander randomly across the landscape, but they have a very strong sense of territoriality. Every group controls a piece of territory and will invade another group's territory only in an emergency, or in a case of war. The goal of each group is to control a territory large enough to contain the food and water needed for survival. The actual amount of land a group controls depends on its wealth and power.