# data[].attributes.body
- People with high-strung temperament don’t react well to trauma and stress
-Identical twins develop similar phobias and anxieties
-17 genes appear to contribute to anxiety disorders
-Anxiety genes affect brain’s production of serotonin and glutamate

# data[].attributes.body
Humans can start to feel fear after watching someone/something experience fear. When they think about it again, they may feel anxiety over the situation.

# data[].attributes.body
we learn fear and anxiety from the biological perspective of the brain by when our brain detects these feelings, it will create a mental repetitions of thoughts and actions. The fear of damaging or traumatizing the brain
antidepressants can help

# data[].attributes.body
Humans learn fear/anxiety by observing others fears. This was tested in an experiment with monkeys and snakes. When younger monkey's observe their parents refuse to reach for food in the presence of a snake, they developed the same fear and responded to it in the same way.

This experiment was done in the wild because it was noticed that most wild monkeys are afraid of snakes, while lab reared monkeys are not.

# data[].attributes.body
The brain can adapt to conditions like fear and anxiety. These feelings often develop uncontrollable after a bad event occurs. Two specific learning processes contribute to these disorders which are stimulus generalization and reinforcement. Stimulus generalization for example is when someone is attacked by a large dog but develops a fear of all dogs. Reinforcement helps maintain these fears after they occur.

# data[].attributes.body
Our interpretations and irrational beliefs can also cause feelings of anxiety.
Ex: hearing creaky sound in night we interpret either as wind or a intruder
People with anxiety disorder tend to be hypervigilant, so they can exaggerate things.
Ex: a spider could become an infestation in there eyes.
Anxiety is very common when people cant switch off intrusive thoughts and perceive a loss of control

# data[].attributes.body
Interpretations and rational beliefs can cause anxiety; anxiety is common when people can't switch off intrusive thought and see loss of control and sense of helplessness

people's brains and thoughts kind of take over and blow up the situation causing more anxiety/stress

ex. pounding heart=heart attack
one spider=infestation

# data[].attributes.body
- some people are born more anxious than others
- indentical twins raised separately develop similar phobias
- researchers have identified 17 genes that appear to be expressed with typical anxiety disorder symptoms
- genes influence neurotransmitters which effect some things like mood and sleep

# data[].attributes.body
We seem to be biologically prepared to fear threats that our ancestors faced (snakes, spiders, storms, darkness). People who were fearless about certain things were less likely to survive and leave descendants. It is easy to condition and hard to extinguish fears that are "evolutionary relevant" stimuli Our phobias are caused by dangers our ancestors faced, while our compulsive acts typically exaggerate behaviors that contributed to our ancestors survival.

# data[].attributes.body
When the brain is conditioned, the brain adapts to situations of fear and anxiety. Like if someone suffered from a bad car wreck from the side, anytime that person is driving, they will feel a twinge of unease when a car approaches them from the side.

# data[].attributes.body
We can learn fear through watching other people experience fear of something.
Ex. Susan Minke wanted to find out why nearly all monkeys in the wild experienced fear of snakes and why the lab tested ones did not. To find out, in a lab setting she put the food in front of the snake for the monkey and the offspring were watching and it caused them to also not go to the food that was near the snake.

# data[].attributes.body
People can learn to fear/be anxious about something, simply by observing others and how they react to their fears. For example: at my work we are almost always on a wait during the weekends. The managers, cooks, and servers frantically make sure customers get their food, while also making sure each server gets the same amount of tables, etc. Some of the hosts then become overwhelmed because they see the rest of the staff running around.

# data[].attributes.body
People can learn fear through observational learning-by observing others' fears. An experiment was tested to find out why mostly all monkeys fear snakes except lab monkeys. The younger monkeys developed a strong fear of snakes because of observing their parents. This sense of fear is passed down to children from the parents due to children observing their parents.

# data[].attributes.body
We learn fear/anxiety from the learning perspective : Cognition by, So once we have been through the trauma or felt unwanted feelings. We continue to think about it and come up with scenarios in our head of what could of happen if we are brought up with the same situation/ problem. We learn through talking it out, for example a therapist. We learn to change our mind when the thought is brought up.

# data[].attributes.body
Humans fear what would have been more dangerous to our ancestors (snakes, spider, darkness). It is hard to extinguish fears in our instinct. our compulsive acts typically exaggerate behaviors that contributed to our species’ survival.

# data[].attributes.body
When conditioned, the brain can adapt to situations of fear and anxiety. For example, one who suffers long term abuse may associate the abuse with screaming, and then develop a reaction of fear to screaming as defense to the conditioning they face.

# data[].attributes.body
our interpretations and irrational beliefs can also cause our feelings of anxiety. People with anxiety disorder tend to be hypervigilant which means those people might view the entire world as a possible threat. A pounding heart might be a sign of a heart attack. a spider near the bed might become an investation. Anxiety is common when people do not have the ability to turn of these intrusive thoughts and feel a loss of control.

# data[].attributes.body
Generalized anxiety, panic attacks, PTSD and obsessions and compulsions are known biologically as an overarousal of certain brain areas.

When the brain detects something that is off, it will create a mental "hiccup" which creates a repetition in thoughts and actions.

Ex. OCD -  elated activity in washing, checking etc.

With those that have OCD, the anterior cingulate cortex (monitors our actions and errors) are hyperactive.

Fears can be settled with the use of antidepressants and drugs (Propranolol/D-Cyloserine) which helps them forget associated emotions with traumatic experiences.

# data[].attributes.body
Some people are born with more sensitive genes than other people. These genes cause people to become more susceptible to anxiety prone disorders. When these fragile genes are paired with a traumatic event, a fear or anxiety can develop. Research has found that 17 genes when expressed can emit an anxiety prone disorder. Genes also influence emissions of neurotransmitters. When emission rates are either too high or too low, the brain's alarm system can become to active.

# data[].attributes.body
Humans tend to be biologically prepared for threats our ancestors would have faced, which is seen through our fears of spiders, snakes, closed spaces, etc. Common actions for the modern world such as flying are feared due to our ancestors fears of height and confinement. Due to the lack of a natural basis, during WWII many people learned not to fear air raids, as biology cant prepare our fears for bombs falling out of the sky. Our compulsive acts usually exaggerate behaviors that helped us survive.

# data[].attributes.body
When observing someone we start to notice there fears as they start to express them. Once they have expressed there fear such as snakes others may start to fear them as they are observing how they are reacting to the snakes. We learn fear by watching as we watch our parents fear certain things which is pushed on to children. in the experiment with the monkey the monkey learned that since the mom is not eating in front of the snake to not eat in front of the snake due to fear. Three months later that monkey was still not eating in front of the snake because of the fear that the mom had which was pushed onto the monkey.

# data[].attributes.body
PTSD doesn't only happen to veterans
It can happen with abuse victims and people who went through physical trauma

# data[].attributes.body
OCD can be having to do a routine of certain things every time before you do an action like eat or sleep. You feel like you always have to do it no matter what.

# data[].attributes.body
OCD is not just wanting things clean
feeling like you have to do random actions or there will be consequences that aren't justifiable

# data[].attributes.body
OCD- obsession compulsive disorder; you have an urge to have things a certain way (ex. clean, order)
PTSD- Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; getting stressed or have haunting imagery from a big event

# data[].attributes.body
OCD stands for obsessive compulsive disorder and it's where people obsess about things. PTSD stands for post traumatic stress disorder and it's when someone has gone through something bad and it affects their life.

# data[].attributes.body
OCD- is when someone has to have things a particular way or it will give them a panic attack and will drive them crazy

# data[].attributes.body
PTSD is where one has suffered a traumatic event and has flashbacks and hallucinations, which can cause a strain on relationships, their work life, and overall physical wellbeing.

# data[].attributes.body
I know that OCD can come in a few different types and a lot of people have OCD that is fixated on numbers.

# data[].attributes.body
ocd- is when someone is when you want everything done organized and specific
ptsd- is trauma

# data[].attributes.body
PTSD is post traumatic stress disorder. Its definition is basically in its name. It is extremely common in war veterans, abuse victims, etc. Flashbacks are very common in one who has PTSD.

# data[].attributes.body
People with OCD are extra organized and need to have things in order

# data[].attributes.body
OCD is when someone is overly fixated on something. PTSD is typically when someone is recurently upset over trauma.

# data[].attributes.body
I honestly don't know much about it, I know its not just wanting to be organized it can just be obsessive behavior

# data[].attributes.body
- It's not super uncommon to have OCD
- ocd can start at any age

# data[].attributes.body
OCD is when someone is really paranoid and needs things to be in order. Sometimes they have to do things a certain number of times.
PTSD occurs after traumatic events.

# data[].attributes.body
For OCD people have the need to have things orderly, or are particular about certain things. For PTSD I know most people have it from wars and coming back and they see flashbacks or different things.

# data[].attributes.body
I know that OCD makes people really particular about certain things like twisting a door knob three times, or making everything in a specific order. I know PTSD can occur when someone has experienced a traumatic event like war.

# data[].attributes.body
I know that OCD causes an over obsession of detail which may make people over analyze certain details in the day. PTSD is when something traumatic has happened and the person cannot get that image out of there head which will cause them to be 'haunted' by it.

# data[].attributes.body
I know that OCD is a disorder that makes you paranoid about little and big things. I also know that it is very hard to control and is active in your everyday lifestyles.

I know that PTSD usually occurs after a traumatic event and last anywhere from weeks to years after the event. I also know that it is very common in military personnel and causes many to panic and leads to major anxiety in daily lives.

# data[].attributes.body
PTSD- It often times happens when people come back from war.
OCD- people want everything to be perfect and get annoyed if they don't

# data[].attributes.body
OCD is a disorder focusing about everything being neat, clean, organized, perfect, etc.

PTSD is post traumatic stress disorder where anything traumatic can cause serious stress to a person. Usually occurs when people went to war, etc.

# data[].attributes.headline
What do you already know about OCD and PTSD?  Please include your name in the post.

# data[].attributes.subject
What do you already know about OCD and PTSD?  Please include your name in the post.

# data[].attributes.body
- When the brain detects something is out of place or off it generates a mental hiccup of repeating thoughts or possible actions
- Fear-learning experiences that traumatize the brain can create fear circuits in the Amygdala
- There are certain Antidepressant drugs that dampen the fear circuit activity
- There are also drugs that can help largely erase an emotion related to the traumatic experience like Propranolo or D-Cycloserine