# data[].attributes.body
Mostly all the information if based located from information in the class textbook: Literacy in the Early Grades by Gail E. Tompkins.

# data[].attributes.body
Description: Categorize and examine words based on meaning, phoneme, grapheme, and spelling patterns.

Advantages:

• Students can focus and a recognize conceptual and phonological structures and repeated patterns.

• English Language Learners (ELL’s) build skills to understand how English differs from their specific language.

Disadvantages:

• Word sorts are time-consuming.

• Teachers can't watch every student at all times. Therefore, some can become confused

Citation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ksT9F1pojKs&t=2s

# data[].attributes.body
Description: Teachers read a book aloud for students to hear. This is where they model fluency, accuracy, speed, and expression.

Advantages:

• Students are actively involved.

• Encourages them to make predictions, chime in on reading, hear repeating words and phrases.

• Students notice punctuations, illustrations, and table of contents.

Disadvantages:

• When reading books multiple times, students begin to remember the story; therefore, not actually read the book.

• Certain students can be left behind.

• Students interest can fade, and they can start to daydream.

Citation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ksT9F1pojKs

# data[].attributes.body
Description: Students work together in small groups or individually to make one page or a section to create a book as a class.

Advantages:
• Students share their work therefore, students finish more quickly.
• Collaborative books are an excellent way for students to increase their writing process skills.
• Writing collaborative books increase students writing, retelling, and illustrating.

Disadvantages:
• Making collaborative books are time-consuming.
• Hard to assess students' understanding about the whole topic or story.

Citations:
http://bookcreator.com/blog/2013/10/creating-publishing-collaborative-ebook/

http://studentreasures.com/

# data[].attributes.body
Description: Dramatic performance of a script by a group of readers. This gives students a proactive way to explain the reading by performing the text live in the classroom.

Advantages:

• Students can use their own creative thoughts and ideas.

• Gives students chances to read proper literature, involve themselves in the text, and understand the characters.

• Excellent for English language learners and readers to improve reading skills in a stress-free small-group environment.

Disadvantages:

• Readers Theater takes preparation and completion time.

• Pressure the students who contain a more introvert personality.

Citation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fyrNaq1ZFJ0

# data[].attributes.body
Description: Project and assignments to enhance student’s comprehension of stories, reading, and information they’re learning. Teachers consider four dimensions as they design projects:
R- Role
A-Audience
F-Format
T-Topic.

Advantages:
• Students create their own projects and use their own individual ideas and information in multiple ways.
• A successful way to differentiate instruction.
• Helps students understand specific writing skills.

Disadvantages:
• Students typically only view one side of the project or writing.
• Students can become overwhelmed with the size of the project.

Citation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NDY_14aLT-M

# data[].attributes.body
Description: A lesson teaching the basics of the topic within 15-30 minutes, usually based on literacy strategies and skills.

Advantages:

• Effective ways to teach students strategies and skills so students use them.

• Engage students' in activities and encourage their learning and scaffolding skills.

• Since mini-lessons take a short amount of time, teachers have a better chance of holding students' attention.

Disadvantages:

• Mini-lessons are not enough time to explain strategies and skills to students.

• Not enough time for certain students to fully grasp the concepts, sometimes even the basic concepts.

• Difficult to assess individual students.

Citations:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rz8jk2r-6Mo

http://www.tunstallsteachingtidbits.com/2016/08/writing-mini-lessons-2.html

# data[].attributes.body
Description: An activity where children arrange letters to spell specific words.

Advantages:
• Students using hands-on activity to practice spelling, rather than just using pencil and paper.
• Students practice what they know about phonemes, graphemes, and patterns.
• Students can make words in many different ways, using multiple materials.

Disadvantages:
• Mostly teacher based activity.
• If students incorrectly spell the word they continuously make the mistake, because the teacher can't be around every time a student makes a mistake.
• Students can become distracted, and not make words given or follow the activity at all.

Citations:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dNht5nNRVlo

# data[].attributes.body
Description: A journal where students can record information, write and answer questions, write about the big ideas, and anything they wish to remember about the topic.

Advantages:

• Students can practice writing.

• Teachers have a more concrete understanding of what each individual student has learned based on the learning log.

• Encourages self- assessment and responsibility.

Disadvantages:

• Increases student work- load and responsibility.

• The possibility of students being unreliable on self-assessing, for example, being untruthful.

• Learning logs take a large quantity of time from the day.

Citations:
https://www.usd475.org/school/jcms/gliniecki/Shared%20Documents/Leaning%20Log%20Forms.pdf

# data[].attributes.body
Description: An activity that builds students understanding of a specific reading text, by having the student take on the role of a character from the reading and answer questions given by other students in the class.

Advantages:

• Gives each student a chance to “shine.”

• Students become creative by making their own questions to ask and creating their own costumes.

• Deeping their understanding of the book they’re reading.

Disadvantages:

• Students can get overwhelmed and scared to be in the “hot seat.”

• Students could have difficulty answering spontaneous questions.

• Students can possibly answer questions wrong; therefore, confusing other students.

Citation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q2dId0rlrMs

# data[].attributes.body
Description: A time in which students as a class or group read together. Choral Reading is typically completed during read alouds, carpet time, or group reading.

Advantages:

•    Choral reading creates a non-threatening group setting.

•    Students learn the correct fluency, speed, and expression.

•    Improves individual pronunciation, phrasing, and patterns.

Disadvantages:

• Students don’t typically start reading until after teacher has started.

• Some students may just be listening and not actually reading the text.

• Students do not understand why they are reading aloud, they just do as they are told.

Citations:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bJFxd_N45JE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQFlnAukEFs