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is the main artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries). The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body through the systemic circulation.

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Closes off the lower right chamber that holds the oxygen-rich blood before it is pumped out to the body.

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pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta.

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is between the heart's left atrium (upper, holding chamber) and left ventricle (lower, pumping chamber). The mitral valve has two flaps, or cusps. In mitral valve prolapse, one or both valveflaps are enlarged, and some of their supporting “strings” may be too long.

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Oxygen-rich blood from the lungs enters the left atrium through the pulmonary vein. The blood is then pumped into the left ventricle chamber of the heart through the mitral valve.

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are large blood vessels that receive oxygenated blood from the lungs and drain into the left atrium of the heart.

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carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. The blood here passes through capillaries adjacent to alveoli and becomes oxygenated as part of the process of respiration.

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Closes off the lower right chamber (or right ventricle) Opens to allow blood to be pumped from the heart to the lungs (through the pulmonary artery) where it will receive oxygen.

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is one of the heart's four chambers. As deoxygenated blood flows into the right atrium, it passes through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle, which pumps the blood up through the pulmonary valve and through the pulmonary artery to the lungs.

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separates the right atrium and right ventricle. It allows blood to flow into the ventricle, but not backwards into the atrium.

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receives and holds deoxygenated blood from the superior vena cava, & inferior vena cava.

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is a large vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart.

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diagram

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is the superior of the two venae cavae, the great venous trunks that return deoxygenated blood to the heart