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In this chapter, the authors reference a British critic in 1820 who said, “In the four quarters of the globe who reads an American book, or goes to an American play, or looks at an American picture or statue?” Yet, they also trace the development of uniquely American forms of art, architecture, and literature in the nineteenth century. As you read this chapter, can you explain the continuities and changes in American art, architecture, and literature from 1790 to 1860?

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In this chapter, the authors reference a British critic in 1820 who said, “In the four quarters of the globe who reads an American book, or goes to an American play, or looks at an American picture or statue?” Yet, they also trace the development of uniquely American forms of art, architecture, and literature in the nineteenth century. As you read this chapter, can you explain the continuities and changes in American art, architecture, and literature from 1790 to 1860?

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Architecture during this time period was copied from Old World Styles rather than creating new ones. The styles most frequently used were Federal Style (symmetry, balance, and restraint), Greek Revival (stained glass windows), and Palladian Style (UVA and Monticello). After the War of 1812 painters were no longer painting portraits or history, they were now painting pastoral mirroring or landscapes. Literature went from being very practical and philosophical to converting to romanticism and putting imagination over reason.

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After you have read “Contending Voices: The Role of Women”, can you analyze both excerpts’ intended audience, purpose, and point of view?

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After you have read “Contending Voices: The Role of Women”, can you analyze both excerpts’ intended audience, purpose, and point of view?

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The audience in Excerpt 1 is the men of the united states. The purpose is to make the ideas of women's rights activist sound unreasonable and to ensure that the white male is the most important group. The point of view of excerpt 1 is of a white male and is that it is sad that women believe they have rights.
The audience of Excerpt 2 is those who believe and women's rights and will vote for them. The purpose is to show that times are changing in America and it is time that women have a say in what goes on in the country. The point of view is that women should have equal rights as men. This is the point of view of a basic feminist.

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How does the Second Great Awakening of the nineteenth century compare to the Great Awakening of the eighteenth century? As you read this chapter and review the information about the Great Awakening in Chapter 5, how many relevant similarities and differences between these two events can you generate?

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How does the Second Great Awakening of the nineteenth century compare to the Great Awakening of the eighteenth century? As you read this chapter and review the information about the Great Awakening in Chapter 5, how many relevant similarities and differences between these two events can you generate?

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The Second Great Awakening is known as one of most momentous episodes in history of American religion not only because it converted countless souls but because it also encouraged evangelicalism. It did this through prison reform, temperance cause, women's movement and a strong desire to abolish slavery in the states. The key feature of the Second Great Awakening was the feminization of religion not only in church membership but in theology as well. This meant that middle class women were religious enthusiast and made up a majority of new members. This gave women the role of bringing their children and husbands to God.

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Why did America produce so many reform and utopian movements? What did they contribute to American culture?

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Why did America produce so many reform and utopian movements? What did they contribute to American culture?

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Americans produced many reforms and utopian movements in order to reorder society and create a better way of life. They primarily did this through the transcendentalist movement that questioned traditional gender roles and protected Americans from the treats of the close minded ideals of Mormons. A lot of reforms also dealt with prohibition, and prison and asylum reforms. These reforms not only made America more diverse but also brought change and stronger ideas of freedom in American culture. Finally these reviews gave a new perspective on religion, women's rights, imprisonment due to debt, and prison treatment/ punishment.

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Was the “new family” a progressive reflection of American democratic ideals, or a restriction on them?

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Was the “new family” a progressive reflection of American democratic ideals, or a restriction on them?

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The new family was a progressive reflection of democratic ideals because the families were smaller there for allowing parents to focus more on each individual child. This meant a focus on the child's education. This new family concept also taught children to be more independent and to make choices based on their moral standards. The philosophy was that children's will should be shaped not broken. The new family ideal also did restrict women in a few ways. It enforced the idea that women were weak and forced them into a life long housewife job.

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Were the “cult of domesticity” and the rise of the child-centered family signs of an improvement or a restriction in women’s status and condition?

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Were the “cult of domesticity” and the rise of the child-centered family signs of an improvement or a restriction in women’s status and condition?

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This was a restriction in women's status and condition because women were being put into a completely different economic class than their male counterparts. Women could not vote, most could not own land, and women were primarily only allowed education in the home. Very few women were being accepted into college and it was still a time in which women could legally be beaten by their husbands. It is from these facts about the time that people like Susan B Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton reformed so that women could begin to have those rights.