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It shows that this ressinace artist was very talented and had a lot of power

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Michelangelo - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com

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Find out more about the history of Michelangelo, including videos, interesting articles, pictures, historical features and more. Get all the facts on HISTORY.com

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The art of painting and sculpturing is a very hard & beautiful. As this article explains that Leonardo was very interested into learning at a young age he would write everything down that he would see and as he got older his mind and thinking grew more and more. That's why he has great work and sculptures because he would take his time to do things and get them perfect.

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Contents

1. Leonardo da Vinci: Early Life and Training

2. Leonardo da Vinci: Early Career

3. Leonardo da Vinci: 'The Last Supper' and 'Mona Lisa'

4. Leonardo da Vinci: Philosophy of Interconnectedness

5. Leonardo da Vinci: Later Years

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was a painter, architect, inventor, and student of all things scientific. His natural genius crossed so many disciplines that he epitomized the term "Renaissance man." Today he remains best known for his art, including two paintings that remain among the world's most famous and admired, Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. Art, da Vinci believed, was indisputably connected with science and nature. Largely self-educated, he filled dozens of secret notebooks with inventions, observations and theories about pursuits from aeronautics to anatomy. But the rest of the world was just beginning to share knowledge in books made with moveable type, and the concepts expressed in his notebooks were often difficult to interpret. As a result, though he was lauded in his time as a great artist, his contemporaries often did not fully appreciate his genius-the combination of intellect and imagination that allowed him to create, at least on paper, such inventions as the bicycle, the helicopter and an airplane based on the physiology and flying capability of a bat.

Leonardo da Vinci: Early Life and Training

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was born in Anchiano, Tuscany (now Italy), close to the town of Vinci that provided the surname we associate with him today. In his own time he was known just as Leonardo or as "Il Florentine," since he lived near Florence-and was famed as an artist, inventor and thinker.

Did you know? Leonardo da Vinci's father, an attorney and notary, and his peasant mother were never married to one another, and Leonardo was the only child they had together. With other partners, they had a total of 17 other children, da Vinci's half-siblings.

Da Vinci's parents weren't married, and his mother, Caterina, a peasant, wed another man while da Vinci was very young and began a new family. Beginning around age 5, he lived on the estate in Vinci that belonged to the family of his father, Ser Peiro, an attorney and notary. Da Vinci's uncle, who had a particular appreciation for nature that da Vinci grew to share, also helped raise him.

Leonardo da Vinci: Early Career

Da Vinci received no formal education beyond basic reading, writing and math, but his father appreciated his artistic talent and apprenticed him at around age 15 to the noted sculptor and painter Andrea del Verrocchio, of Florence. For about a decade, da Vinci refined his painting and sculpting techniques and trained in mechanical arts. When he was 20, in 1472, the painters' guild of Florence offered da Vinci membership, but he remained with Verrocchio until he became an independent master in 1478. Around 1482, he began to paint his first commissioned work, The Adoration of the Magi, for Florence's San Donato, a Scopeto monastery.

However, da Vinci never completed that piece, because shortly thereafter he relocated to Milan to work for the ruling Sforza clan, serving as an engineer, painter, architect, designer of court festivals and, most notably, a sculptor. The family asked da Vinci to create a magnificent 16-foot-tall equestrian statue, in bronze, to honor dynasty founder Francesco Sforza. Da Vinci worked on the project on and off for 12 years, and in 1493 a clay model was ready to display. Imminent war, however, meant repurposing the bronze earmarked for the sculpture into cannons, and the clay model was destroyed in the conflict after the ruling Sforza duke fell from power in 1499.

Leonardo da Vinci: 'The Last Supper' and 'Mona Lisa'

Although relatively few of da Vinci's paintings and sculptures survive-in part because his total output was quite small-two of his extant works are among the world's most well-known and admired paintings.

The first is da Vinci's "The Last Supper," painted during his time in Milan, from about 1495 to 1498. A tempera and oil mural on plaster, "The Last Supper" was created for the refectory of the city's Monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie. Also known as "The Cenacle," this work measures about 15 by 29 feet and is the artist's only surviving fresco. It depicts the Passover dinner during which Jesus Christ addresses the Apostles and says, "One of you shall betray me." One of the painting's stellar features is each Apostle's distinct emotive expression and body language. Its composition, in which Jesus is centered among yet isolated from the Apostles, has influenced generations of painters.

When Milan was invaded by the French in 1499 and the Sforza family fled, da Vinci escaped as well, possibly first to Venice and then to Florence. There, he painted a series of portraits that included "La Gioconda," a 21-by-31-inch work that's best known today as "Mona Lisa." Painted between approximately 1503 and 1506, the woman depicted-especially because of her mysterious slight smile-has been the subject of speculation for centuries. In the past she was often thought to be Mona Lisa Gherardini, a courtesan, but current scholarship indicates that she was Lisa del Giocondo, wife of Florentine merchant Francisco del Giocondo. Today, the portrait-the only da Vinci portrait from this period that survives-is housed at the Louvre Museum in Paris, France, where it attracts millions of visitors each year.

Around 1506, da Vinci returned to Milan, along with a group of his students and disciples, including young aristocrat Francesco Melzi, who would be Leonardo's closest companion until the artist's death. Ironically, the victor over the Duke Ludovico Sforza, Gian Giacomo Trivulzio, commissioned da Vinci to sculpt his grand equestrian-statue tomb. It, too, was never completed (this time because Trivulzio scaled back his plan). Da Vinci spent seven years in Milan, followed by three more in Rome after Milan once again became inhospitable because of political strife.

Leonardo da Vinci: Philosophy of Interconnectedness

Da Vinci's interests ranged far beyond fine art. He studied nature, mechanics, anatomy, physics, architecture, weaponry and more, often creating accurate, workable designs for machines like the bicycle, helicopter, submarine and military tank that would not come to fruition for centuries. He was, wrote Sigmund Freud, "like a man who awoke too early in the darkness, while the others were all still asleep."

Several themes could be said to unite da Vinci's eclectic interests. Most notably, he believed that sight was mankind's most important sense and that "saper vedere"("knowing how to see") was crucial to living all aspects of life fully. He saw science and art as complementary rather than distinct disciplines, and thought that ideas formulated in one realm could-and should-inform the other.

Probably because of his abundance of diverse interests, da Vinci failed to complete a significant number of his paintings and projects. He spent a great deal of time immersing himself in nature, testing scientific laws, dissecting bodies (human and animal) and thinking and writing about his observations. At some point in the early 1490s, da Vinci began filling notebooks related to four broad themes-painting, architecture, mechanics and human anatomy-creating thousands of pages of neatly drawn illustrations and densely penned commentary, some of which (thanks to left-handed "mirror script") was indecipherable to others.

The notebooks-often referred to as da Vinci's manuscripts and "codices"-are housed today in museum collections after having been scattered after his death. The Codex Atlanticus, for instance, includes a plan for a 65-foot mechanical bat, essentially a flying machine based on the physiology of the bat and on the principles of aeronautics and physics. Other notebooks contained da Vinci's anatomical studies of the human skeleton, muscles, brain, and digestive and reproductive systems, which brought new understanding of the human body to a wider audience. However, because they weren't published in the 1500s, da Vinci's notebooks had little influence on scientific advancement in the Renaissance period.

Leonardo da Vinci: Later Years

Da Vinci left Italy for good in 1516, when French ruler Francis I generously offered him the title of "Premier Painter and Engineer and Architect to the King," which afforded him the opportunity to paint and draw at his leisure while living in a country manor house, the Château of Cloux, near Amboise in France. Although accompanied by Melzi, to whom he would leave his estate, the bitter tone in drafts of some of his correspondence from this period indicate that da Vinci's final years may not have been very happy ones. (Melzi would go on to marry and have a son, whose heirs, upon his death, sold da Vinci's estate.)

Da Vinci died at Cloux (now Clos-Lucé) in 1519 at age 67. He was buried nearby in the palace church of Saint-Florentin. The French Revolution nearly obliterated the church, and its remains were completely demolished in the early 1800s, making it impossible to identify da Vinci's exact gravesite.

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Leonardo da Vinci: Early Life and Training Leonardo da Vinci: Early Career Leonardo da Vinci: 'The Last Supper' and 'Mona Lisa' Leonardo da Vinci: Philosophy of Interconnectedness Leonardo da Vinci: Later Years Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was a painter, architect, inventor, and student of all things scientific.

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The Powerful Young Gallery Owner Shaping L.A.'s Art Scene

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The Powerful Young Gallery Owner Shaping L.A.'s Art Scene

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In this article it talks about how in L.A. people wardrobe, hairstyle, and skin color, describes them and how they are living.but in this article has points of how original she is and it shows that she still has that mentally that even though she runs an art gallery shes gonna try to add her own taste of the hood to her art and from the other artist that has work in her gallery.

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Boy, can artist Derek Fordjour remember the first time he met Michelle Papillion. They were in a room full of big names and up-and-comers at the estate of a very important Black artist. Papillion stood up in her purple pants and great shoes and proclaimed: "I run a gallery in the hood."

Since then, Papillion's gallery has shifted quarters, but not too far, and today you can find it below a neon sign - PAPILLION, it spells, in flamingo-pink capitals - in Leimert Park, Los Angeles. Nearby, there's Jamaican food, African-style silhouette murals and a whole lot of dudes drumming in the parking lot for a Friday afternoon. Maybe it's an unlikely birthplace for the next great renaissance of African-American art. Or maybe it's the perfect one. Whatever the case, Papillion's ambitions recall nothing less than the Harlem of 90 years ago. Her shows, which feature the work of Black artists on the rise, already draw some of the most powerful collectors in the world. "We're in the beginning of it," she tells me when I visit.

She looks weirdly fashionable in her oversize gray hoodie, hoop earrings, black pants and all black sneakers - even the Reading Rainbow mug she's clutching seems somehow cool. Papillion isn't the only reason that New York and London bigwigs like Jeffrey Deitch and Jay Jopling have come calling on the L.A. art scene, of course. Los Angeles looks a lot more like Brooklyn nowadays, with artists going at giant canvases in abandoned warehouses and an accompanying gentrification. But art in the City of Angels has a different kind of aesthetic - bigger pieces, bolder colors, outdoor installations - and a more inclusive, less elitist vibe. "People need to feel comfortable in this environment," Papillion says.

To me, Papillion's gallery recalls W.E.B. DuBois' dream for Black drama: It would be by, for and near African-Americans - though it'd be inaccurate to suggest that Papillion is only for Black audiences. Visitors are greeted by one of Fordjour's canvases, featuring faceless Black men lined up as targets in a carnival game. Two panels of a Black man at an ATM cover an entire wall of Papillion's office; it's the work of Haitian-born, New York-raised, L.A.-based artist Andy Robert. A collage of magazine photos by Suné Woods (formerly a photographer), stressed and manipulated, hangs with a texture like overlapping tissue papers. "Curatorially she's doing all mediums," Shelley Holcomb, cofounder of Curate L.A., says, with "really young artists that are subsequently gaining attention internationally." Indeed, the day I visit, she's just met with a couple of collectors from Tokyo.

In some ways, Papillion's work runs parallel to that of Theaster Gates, the South Side Chicago revitalist, in whose property she made that declaration about the gallery in the hood. Making the space around her beautiful is Papillion's art project. "There are no galleries on this side of town owned by people of color. Period." To do good for a community is an art in and of itself, she says. And there's much good to be done in Leimert Park, a predominantly Black neighborhood with the second-highest property crime rate in the city, according to the Los Angeles Times.

Papillion is protective, even possessive, of the dozen Black artists she's shepherded to wider renown. Sometimes she is downright political. In Artforum, in the pages where owners typically advertise upcoming exhibitions, she took out an ad that said, "Dear Art World, Let's End Police Terrorism #blacklivesmatter." Last Martin Luther King Jr. Day, Papillion underwrote a colorful float, designed by one of her artists, to represent the Crenshaw neighborhood, near Leimert Park. One of the sayings plastered on it was "Black money matters." It's rare of a gallerist to be that explicit - and loud - about her politics.

But activism was in the water she drank, growing up in Oakland. Her mom was an educator, and her dad an architect. At Howard, she studied the classics at first, learning Latin, Greek and Egyptian (yes, she can read all three and waves off my impressed expression). She joined an Egyptian art class, and in terms of falling in love with visual arts, that was "the tip of an iceberg for me," she says.

It's not easygoing, of course. Finding emerging artists is like winning the lottery, and turning unknowns into collectors' darlings takes an eye, nurturing, skill, advocating, branding - as well as time and justice. Of the 10 people on the Most Powerful Art Dealers list that Forbes put out in 2012, none were women of color. But Papillion, has already come far, says Fordjour, who remembers coming up with her: "We were all at this scrappy space at the same time," he says. Things have changed: "Now people know her name when she comes into the room, and that's a different way to advocate."

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The Powerful Young Gallery Owner Shaping L.A.'s Art Scene

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Boy, can artist Derek Fordjour remember the first time he met Michelle Papillion. They were in a room full of big names and up-and-comers at the estate of a very important Black artist. Papillion stood up in her purple pants and great shoes and proclaimed: "I run a gallery in the hood."

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Islamic and Arab art opening in New York aims to challenge stereotypes

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Islamic and Arab art opening in New York aims to challenge stereotypes

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The article talks about how Islamic & Arabs are trying to show America that there country is not filled with bad. So this article takes place in New York where the people of Islam & Arabian people have a bad name for them self's after 9:11, but what the people are trying to show is people within there religion or beliefs, even as what they look like they are beautiful and full with kindness. They just want to show the world that there just like us.

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Islamic and Arab art institute opening in New York aims to challenge stereotypes

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The city's first Institute of Arab and Islamic Art aims to counter misconceptions and provide a hub for exhibitions and interfaith dialogue