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1. John Locke FRS was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism".
2. He was an inspirer of both the European Enlightenment and the Constitution of the United States.
3. His political thought was grounded in the notion of a social contract between citizens and in the importance of toleration, especially in matters of religion.

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1. Thomas Hobbes, in some older texts Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, was an English philosopher who is considered one of the founders of modern political philosophy.
2. Hobbes is best known for his 1651 book Leviathan, which expounded an influential formulation of social contract theory.
3. best known for his political philosophy, especially as articulated in his masterpiece Leviathan (1651).

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1.William Harvey was an English physician who made seminal contributions in anatomy and physiology.
2.was the first to recognize the full circulation of the blood in the human body and to provide experiments and arguments to support this idea.
3. In Harvey’s later life, he suffered from gout, kidney stones, and insomnia.

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1.Sir Isaac Newton PRS FRS was an English mathematician, astronomer, theologian, author and physicist who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution.
2.his discovery of the composition of white light integrated the phenomena of colors.
3.he was the original discoverer of the infinitesimal calculus.

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1.Galileo Galilei was an Italian polymath.
2.Galileo is a central figure in the transition from natural philosophy to modern science and in the transformation of the scientific Renaissance into a scientific revolution.
3.His formulation of (circular) inertia, the law of falling bodies, and parabolic trajectories marked the beginning of a fundamental change in the study of motion.

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1.Johannes Kepler was a German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer.
2.Kepler is a key figure in the 17th-century scientific revolution.
3.He is best known for his laws of planetary motion, based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican Astronomy.

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1. Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance-era mathematician and astronomer.
2.he wrote a manuscript usually called the Commentariolus (“Little Commentary”).
3.Copernicus, as is known from Rheticus, was “assistant and witness”

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1.Charles V was ruler of both the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and the Spanish Empire from 1516
2. In October 1520 Charles was accordingly crowned king of Germany in Aachen.
3.Even though he granted an amnesty, the young monarch proved to be an intransigent ruler.

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1.Elizabeth was the last monarch of the House of Tudor.
2.The adulation bestowed upon her both in her lifetime and in the ensuing centuries was not altogether a spontaneous effusion.
3.she did not wield the absolute power of which Renaissance rulers dreamed.

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1. Henry was the second Tudor monarch.
2. his elder brother, Arthur, died in 1502, Henry became the heir to the throne.
3.Soon after his accession, Henry married Catherine of Aragon.

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1.he was a wanted man
2.he was a scholar not a pastor
3.he became marked out as a "Lutheran"

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1.He got hit by lightning and said he would become a monk.
2.He wrote a few books of the things he believes about god.
3.Martin also began a revolution.