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sieg heil

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Seconde Guerre mondiale

Larousse

https://www.larousse.fr › encyclopedie › divers › Seco...

Conflit planétaire qui de 1939 à 1945 opposa les puissances démocratiques alliées Pologne Grande-Bretagne et pays du Commonwealth France Danemark Norvège ...

‎Introduction · ‎Le déclenchement de la guerre · ‎La guerre à mi-course

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do you know what is the sudwall?

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Hitler wanted to round up innocent people and took them to concentration camps

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History for kids - Free history network for kids

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Before the official beginning of World War II, many countries acted in an aggressive and warlike manner. In Germany, Adolf Hitler opened the first concentration camps as early as 1933 and became the "Fuhrer" or sole dictator of Germany in 1934.

In 1935, Benito Mussolini rose to power and became dictator of Italy. Both rulers quickly started enlarging their territory by taking over smaller countries. Germany took over Austria and Czechoslovakia while Mussolini absorbed Ethiopia and Abyssinia. Meanwhile, In Asia, The Chinese and Japanese armies were at war. Japan signed a treaty with Germany, adding British and French to their list of enemies.

There were two sides in the war:

Allied Powers (including U.S., Britain, France, USSR, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Yugoslavia), and

Axis Powers (including Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria).

World war 2 started in September 1939 when Germany attacked Poland. But, the United States did not enter the war until after the Japanese bombed the American fleet in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941.

The Bloodiest Battles of World War II:

Battle of Stalingrad - From 23 August 1942 until 2 February 1943

Battle of Berlin - Fron 16 April until 2 May 1945

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World War two Timeline - History for kids

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Before the official beginning of World War II, many countries acted in an aggressive and warlike manner. In Germany, Adolf Hitler opened the first concentration camps as early as 1933 and became the "Fuhrer" or sole dictator of Germany in 1934. In 1935, Benito Mussolini rose to power and became dictator of Italy.

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LP

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Powerpoint/Google Slides                 WILF-A cover page At least 3 topics       A biographical report on at least on person Conclusion page Bibliography (where did you get your information) Possible topics    The rise of Hitler Allies v Axis Powers The Holocaust Italy/Russia/Spain etc during the war The Emergency – Ireland during WW2 The Blitz (London) Evacuees            Pearl Harbour       The Atomic Bomb Women during the War           Technology in WW2 Spies and Cracking Codes                  Battle of …….Pick a specific battle) Possible Famous People                 Adolf Hitler       Benito Mussolini Anne Frank     Joseph Stalin Winston Churchill         

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Powerpoint/Google Slides                 WILF-A cover page At least 3 topics       A biographical report on at least on person Conclusion page Bibliography (where did you get your information) Possible topics    The rise of Hitler Allies v Axis Powers The Holocaust Italy/Russia/Spain etc during the war The Emergency – Ireland during WW2 The Blitz (London) Evacuees            Pearl Harbour       The Atomic Bomb Women during the War           Technology in WW2 Spies and Cracking Codes                  Battle of …….Pick a specific battle) Possible Famous People                 Adolf Hitler       Benito Mussolini Anne Frank     Joseph Stalin Winston Churchill         

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The following extracts are taken from the diary of Anne Frank between 1942 and 1944, during the period she lived in hiding with her family in Amsterdam. She made the final entry on August 1st 1944. The Franks were discovered and arrested three days later, and subsequently transported to Auschwitz-Birkenau.

July 8th 1942: "At three o'clock (Hello had left but was supposed to come back later), the doorbell rang. I didn't hear it, since I was out on the balcony, lazily reading in the sun. A little while later Margot appeared in the kitchen doorway looking very agitated. "Father has received a call-up notice from the SS," she whispered. "Mother has gone to see Mr. van Daan" (Mr. van Daan is Father's business partner and a good friend.) I was stunned. A call-up: everyone knows what that means. Visions of concentration camps and lonely cells raced through my head. How could we let Father go to such a fate? "Of course he's not going," declared Margot as we waited for Mother in the living room. "Mother's gone to Mr. van Daan to ask whether we can move to our hiding place tomorrow. The van Daans are going with us. There will be seven of us altogether." Silence. We couldn't speak. The thought of Father off visiting someone in the Jewish Hospital and completely unaware of what was happening, the long wait for Mother, the heat, the suspense - all this reduced us to silence."

July 9th 1942: "Here's a description of the building... A wooden staircase leads from the downstairs hallway to the third floor. At the top of the stairs is a landing, with doors on either side. The door on the left takes you up to the spice storage area, attic and loft in the front part of the house. A typically Dutch, very steep, ankle-twisting flight of stairs also runs from the front part of the house to another door opening onto the street. The door to the right of the landing leads to the Secret Annex at the back of the house. No one would ever suspect there were so many rooms behind that plain grey door. There's just one small step in front of the door, and then you're inside. Straight ahead of you is a steep flight of stairs. To the left is a narrow hallway opening onto a room that serves as the Frank family's living room and bedroom. Next door is a smaller room, the bedroom and study of the two young ladies of the family. To the right of the stairs is a windowless washroom with a sink. The door in the corner leads to the toilet and another one to Margot's and my room... Now I've introduced you to the whole of our lovely Annex!"

August 21st 1942: "Now our Secret Annex has truly become secret. Because so many houses are being searched for hidden bicycles, Mryou Kugler thought it would be better to have a bookcase built in front of the entrance to our hiding place. It swings out on its hinges and opens like a door. Mr Voskuijl did the carpentry work. (Mr Voskuijl has been told that the seven of us are in hiding, and he's been most helpful.) Now whenever we want to go downstairs we have to duck and then jump. After the first three days, we were all walking around with bumps on our foreheads from banging our heads against the low doorway. Then Peter cushioned it by nailing a towel stuffed with wood shavings to the door frame. Let's see if it helps!"

October 9th 1942: "Today I have nothing but dismal and depressing news to report. Our many Jewish friends and acquaintances are being taken away in droves. The Gestapo is treating them very roughly and transporting them in cattle cars to Westerbork, the big camp in Drenthe to which they're sending all the Jews. Miep told us about someone who'd managed to escape from there. It must be terrible in Westerbork. The people get almost nothing to eat, much less to drink, as water is available only one hour a day, and there's only one toilet and sink for several thousand people. Men and women sleep in the same room, and women and children often have their heads shaved. Escape is almost impossible; many people look Jewish, and they're branded by their shorn heads. If it's that bad in Holland, what must it be like in those faraway and uncivilised places where the Germans are sending them? We assume that most of them are being murdered. The English radio says they're being gassed. Perhaps that's the quickest way to die. I feel terrible. Miep's accounts of these horrors are so heartrending... Fine specimens of humanity, those Germans, and to think I'm actually one of them! No, that's not true, Hitler took away our nationality long ago. And besides, there are no greater enemies on earth than the Germans and Jews."

October 20th 1942: "My hands still shaking, though it's been two hours since we had the scare... The office staff stupidly forgot to warn us that the carpenter, or whatever he's called, was coming to fill the extinguishers... After working for about fifteen minutes, he laid his hammer and some other tools on our bookcase (or so we thought!) and banged on our door. We turned white with fear. Had he heard something after all and did he now want to check out this mysterious looking bookcase? It seemed so, since he kept knocking, pulling, pushing and jerking on it. I was so scared I nearly fainted at the thought of this total stranger managing to discover our wonderful hiding place..."

November 19th 1942: "Mr Dussel has told us much about the outside world we've missed for so long. He had sad news. Countless friends and acquaintances have been taken off to a dreadful fate. Night after night, green and grey military vehicles cruise the streets. They knock on every door, asking whether any Jews live there. If so, the whole family is immediately taken away. If not, they proceed to the next house. It's impossible to escape their clutches unless you go into hiding. They often go around with lists, knocking only on those doors where they know there's a big haul to be made. They frequently offer a bounty, so much per head. It's like the slave hunts of the olden days... I feel wicked sleeping in a warm bed, while somewhere out there my dearest friends are dropping from exhaustion or being knocked to the ground. I get frightened myself when I think of close friends who are now at the mercy of the cruellest monsters ever to stalk the earth. And all because they're Jews."

May 18th 1943: "All college students are being asked to sign an official statement to the effect that they 'sympathise with the Germans and approve of the New Order." Eighty per cent have decided to obey the dictates of their conscience, but the penalty will be severe. Any student refusing to sign will be sent to a German labour camp."

March 29th 1944: "Mr Bolkestein, the Cabinet Minister, speaking on the Dutch broadcast from London, said that after the war a collection would be made of diaries and letters dealing with the war. Of course, everyone pounced on my diary."

February 3rd 1944: "I've reached the point where I hardly care whether I live or die. The world will keep on turning without me, and I can't do anything to change events anyway. I'll just let matters take their course and concentrate on studying and hope that everything will be all right in the end."

July 15th 1944: "It's utterly impossible for me to build my life on a foundation of chaos, suffering and death. I see the world being slowly transformed into a wilderness, I hear the approaching thunder that, one day, will destroy us too, I feel the suffering of millions. And yet, when I look up at the sky, I somehow feel that everything will change for the better, that this cruelty too will end, that peace and tranquillity will return once more. In the meantime, I must hold on to my ideals. Perhaps the day will come when I'll be able to realise them."

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Extracts from the diary of Anne Frank (1942-44)

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The following extracts are taken from the diary of Anne Frank between 1942 and 1944, when she lived in hiding in Amsterdam with her family.

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People: 1. How did their background/childhood/decisions help to shape the person they eventually became? 2. What role did they play with respect to World War II? 3. What were their successes during the war? 4. How did their accomplishments in the war impact their country and the outcome of the war?

Battles: 1. When/where was the battle fought? 2. Who was involved in the battle? 3. Why was the battle fought? (Was there a special purpose for the battle?) 4. Which side won the battle? Why? 5. How did the battle impact the outcome of the war?

Events: 1. What happened? 2. Who was involved? 3. Why did this event occur? 4. How did this event impact the people involved? … the countries involved? … the war?

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History for kids - Free history network for kids

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Before the official beginning of World War II, many countries acted in an aggressive and warlike manner. In Germany, Adolf Hitler opened the first concentration camps as early as 1933 and became the "Fuhrer" or sole dictator of Germany in 1934.

In 1935, Benito Mussolini rose to power and became dictator of Italy. Both rulers quickly started enlarging their territory by taking over smaller countries. Germany took over Austria and Czechoslovakia while Mussolini absorbed Ethiopia and Abyssinia. Meanwhile, In Asia, The Chinese and Japanese armies were at war. Japan signed a treaty with Germany, adding British and French to their list of enemies.

There were two sides in the war:

Allied Powers (including U.S., Britain, France, USSR, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Yugoslavia), and

Axis Powers (including Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria).

World war 2 started in September 1939 when Germany attacked Poland. But, the United States did not enter the war until after the Japanese bombed the American fleet in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941.

The Bloodiest Battles of World War II:

Battle of Stalingrad - From 23 August 1942 until 2 February 1943

Battle of Berlin - Fron 16 April until 2 May 1945

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World War two Timeline - History for kids

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Before the official beginning of World War II, many countries acted in an aggressive and warlike manner. In Germany, Adolf Hitler opened the first concentration camps as early as 1933 and became the "Fuhrer" or sole dictator of Germany in 1934. In 1935, Benito Mussolini rose to power and became dictator of Italy.

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https://www.natgeokids.com/au/discover/history/general-history/world-war-two/

http://www.ww2irishaviation.com/

https://alphahistory.com/holocaust/anne-frank-diary-1942-44/

http://www.historyforkids.net/causes-of-ww2.html

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http://www.historyforkids.net/world-war-two-timeline.html

http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/timeline/ww2time.htm

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Beginning of WW2

Germany became a republic in 1918 after the First World War.

In 1932 Germany was in economic crisis with very high unemployment.

The Nazi Party won most of the seats in the election and its leader Adolf Hitler became Chancellor (Prime Minister) of Germany in January 1933

Hitler was angry about the humiliation brought to Germany after the First World War. He wanted Germany to become a powerful empire called the Third Reich.

Hitler had his rivals killed and he began to re-arm the country, even though he was not supposed to.

Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany’s problems and began to persecute them.

Nazis and their supporters attacked Jewish shops, homes and synagogues.

Many Jews were forced to live in ghettos and wear a yellow star to show they were Jews.

In 1938 Austria and Germany united. Hitler wanted to take back the areas of Europe that Germany had lost after the First World War. The other European powers allowed him to take back the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia but when he took over the rest of Czechoslovakia and invaded Poland on September 1 st 1939 Britain and France declared war on Germany.

The Second World War had begun.

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Blitzkrieg

Blitzkrieg was the name given to the system of warfare Hitler used in 1940.

It meant ‘Lightning War’. It was a fast way of wiping out enemy forces.

It was a surprise attack with large numbers of tanks to overrun a country’s ground defences, and aircraft to bomb any defences the tanks missed.

Hitler used this system to take over Norway, Denmark, The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and France. He did this in one month in 1940. He expected to capture Britain before long.

Italy was led by the dictator Mussolini and the country supported Hitler up to 1943.

The Republic of Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland stayed neutral during the war.

The Battle of Britain

The aerial bombing of British cities began in the summer of 1940. The Battle of Britain, between British and German air forces, lasted from July to November over the British Channel.

During one of the worst periods London was bombed seventy-six nights in a row.

Germany expected Britain to surrender but it refused. Led by Winston Churchill the British people worked together like never before and survived a terrible ordeal.

The Eastern Front

When Hitler failed to defeat Britain he turned his attention to the Soviet Union (Russia).

This started was on another front, a war that Germany could not afford.

The Germans soon overran large parts of the Soviet Union, however the severe winter and the resistance of the Soviet people turned them back at Leningrad in 1943.

In June 1944 Allied armies broke into Europe with an invasion that had been planned for more than a year.

June 6 th was known as D-Day. Four thousand Allied ships and 10,000 aircraft swooped on to the beaches of Normandy in France. They began a series of battles that eventually forced the Germans back to Berlin.

After heavy bomb attacks from the Allies and Soviet attacks from the East, Germany surrendered on May 7 th 1945.

Hitler committed suicide on May 7th.

On May 8 th celebrations were held in Europe to mark the end of the war in Europe. It was known as VE Day, or Victory in Europe Day.

War in the Pacific

The war in the Pacific really began on December 7 th 1941 when the Japanese attacked the US naval base at Pearl Harbour, Hawaii.

America then entered the war.

Within five months the Japanese had taken over Burma, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines.

Australia was now under threat and it needed American help as most of their own troops were helping the Allies in Europe already.

The Americans halted the Japanese advance. They managed to retake many of the Pacific islands.

On August 6 th 1945 the worst destruction of all happened. The United States dropped the first nuclear/atomic bomb on Hiroshima. It killed 78,000 people. Three days later a second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, killing 40,000 people.

Those near the centre of the blast were vapourised. Thousands more suffered horrific burns. Those who survived suffered the lifelong effects of radiation.

The American president, Harry Truman, said that it was necessary to do so to prevent greater loss of life in the invasion of Japan.

On August 15 th 1945 Japan surrendered.

End of the Second World War

Britain, the Soviet Union and America decided to divide Germany into four areas or zones. These zones were to be occupied by troops from Britain, teh USA, the Soviet Union and France.

Nazi war criminals were brought to trial in the German city of Nuremberg.

Germany was divided and it lost some of its territory to Poland  and the Soviet Union.

Countries occupied by Germany and Japan were returned to their former position.

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Questions

1.     What was Hitler’s aim when he came to power in 1933?

2.     What happened on September 1st 1939?

3.     What countries did Hitler take over in Europe?

4.     When and why did America enter the war?

5.     Where were the two nuclear bombs dropped?

6.     What happened on June 6th 1944?

7.     What was the Battle of Britain?

1.     Why do you think Hitler wanted to take over all of Europe? Give two reasons for your answer.

2.     Do you think Ireland, Switzerland and Sweden should have joined the war against Hitler? Why/ why not?

3.     Do you think America should have dropped nuclear bombs?

4.     Do you think Hitler was wise to attack Russia?

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Research and take part in games and interactive activities on http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/world_war2/

Produce a World War 2 project powerpoint presentation based on the following:

Food and cooking, clothes, work inventions

Evacuation, rationing, the Blitz etc.

The role of women in the war.

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Look at pictures of Dublin bombings by German planes in 1941 on http://northstrandbombing.wordpress.com/photographic-collection/  or   http://www.dublinheritage.ie/historic_photographs/north_strand_bombing.html

Watch a video of Dubliners recounting their experiences during the bombings on http://northstrandbombing.wordpress.com/video/

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http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/world_war2/