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1.Kuomintag: Chinese nationalist
2. Sun Yatsen: founder of Kuomintang
3. Long March: military retreat by Red Army to avoid pursuit of Kuomintang
4. Den Xiaoping: communist leader of China, successfully modernized china
5. 38th Parallel: area that divides North and South Korea

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7. What was Nelson Mandela’s leadership role in South Africa? (WHII.14b)

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7. What was Nelson Mandela’s leadership role in South Africa? (WHII.14b)

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President of South Africa
- 1994 to 1999

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1. How did the Cold War influence conflicts in Eastern Asia after WWII? (WHII.13c)

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1. How did the Cold War influence conflicts in Eastern Asia after WWII? (WHII.13c)

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Conflicts and revolutionary movements in China
• Division of China into two nations at the end of the Chinese civil war
• Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi):  Nationalist China (island of Taiwan)
• Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong): Communist China (mainland China)
• Continuing conflict between the two Chinas
• Communist China's participation in Korean War

Conflicts and revolutionary movements in Vietnam
• Role of French Imperialism
• Leadership of Ho Chi Minh-leader of communism, North Vietnam.

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6. What was Jomo Kenyatta’s leadership role in Kenya? (WHII.14b)

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6. What was Jomo Kenyatta’s leadership role in Kenya? (WHII.14b)

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Prime Minister of Kenya
- 1963 to 1964
President of Kenya
- 1964 to 1978

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5. Why did independence movements in Africa gain success after WWII? (WHII.14b)

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5. Why did independence movements in Africa gain success after WWII? (WHII.14b)

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The independence movement in Africa
• Right to self-determination (U.N. charter)
• Peaceful and violent revolutions after World War II
• Pride in African cultures and heritage
• Resentment toward imperial rule and economic exploitation
• Loss of colonies by Great Britain, France, Belgium, and Portugal Influence of superpower rivalry during the Cold War

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3. Who was a leader of the Indian independence movement and what tactics did he use? (WHII.14a)

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3. Who was a leader of the Indian independence movement and what tactics did he use? (WHII.14a)

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Ghandi

Believed in nonviolence and peace

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4. What were the outcomes of the Indian independence movement? (WHII.14a)

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4. What were the outcomes of the Indian independence movement? (WHII.14a)

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Evolution of the Indian independence movement
• British rule in India
• Indian National Congress
• Leadership of Mohandas Gandhi
• Role of civil disobedience and passive resistance
• Political division along Hindu-Muslim lines — Pakistan/India
• Republic of India
– World’s largest democratic nation
19
– Federal system, giving many powers to the states

Indian democracy
• Jawaharlal Nehru, a close associate of Gandhi, supported western-style industrialization.
• 1950 Constitution sought to prohibit caste discrimination.
• Ethnic and religious differences caused problems in the development of India as a democratic nation.
• New economic development has helped to ease financial problems of the nation.

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2. What roles did Indira Gandhi, Margaret Thatcher, Mikhail Gorbachev and Deng Xiaoping play in major events in the second half of the 20th Century? (WHII.13d)

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2. What roles did Indira Gandhi, Margaret Thatcher, Mikhail Gorbachev and Deng Xiaoping play in major events in the second half of the 20th Century? (WHII.13d)

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Indira Gandhi-First woman prime minster of India
Margaret Thatcher-Prime Minister of the United Kingdom who served from 1979 to 1990. Member of the Conservative Party.
Mikhail Gorbachev-General official from Soviet Russia.
Deng Xiaoping-Former leader of the Communist Party of China