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https://images1.ynet.co.il/PicServer5/2017/06/24/7864941/786492001001599640360no.jpg

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https://vid.alarabiya.net/images/2015/06/14/11e0a0f2-d207-44dd-b750-7ed4417f6a6c/11e0a0f2-d207-44dd-b750-7ed4417f6a6c.jpg

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https://account417.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/giving-to-the-poor-street-photo-should-christians-give-to-the-poor.jpg

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https://www.wikihow.com/Pray-in-Islam

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http://www.newmuslim.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Declaration-of-Faith.jpg

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Make a journey to Mecca at least once in your life if possible.
This is called a haji. Muslims will go to Mecca, which is exclusive to them. They then put on white sheets instead of their typical clothes. This makes everyone suddenly equals. This haji has a few days of rituals and prayers, then ends with everyone walking seven times around the Ka'ba seven times.  Then they talk to each other and pray and discuss faith afterwards with the other members of their Muslim community.

Before 1500, the Muslims needed to walk and take camels and boat to get to Mecca. Wasn't too easy.

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Fast for a month.
Every day, from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan, Muslims are required to fast.  Every night, they break the fast with  light meal.  The month of Ramadan is based on the lunar calendar.

The study of astronomy would help ensure an accurate calendar. By studying positions of the sun and stars in the sky, the Muslims would be able to know what time of year it was and when it was time for them to start fasting again.

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Give alms to the poor.
Each Muslim is required to give a percentage of his income and personal wealth to the poor to support this "brotherhood of believers" (Muhammad).

For one to give exactly 2.5%, one would need to know how to divide up his total wealth and earnings.  This would promote the study of mathematics, as now people are curious and require ways to divide up their income and wealth. This would also build a sense of community within the peoples as they now have the richest people taking care of the poor, and not being stingy with their money. This would also have the poor being less poor and facing a lesser wealth gap, further unifying the community.

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Pray five times a day at set times.
Some of these are set prayers, some of these are personal. However, you need to pray five times a day and face the Ka'ba in Mecca.

In order to pray five times a day, one would need to know the times of day exactly as to what time they should pray. They could use the sun to determine daylight.

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The declaration of faith.
The person needs to declare that "there is no Allah but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet."  This declaration needs to be said three times in succession to become a Muslim.

Islam increased literacy in the Middle East, because for one to study the Koran, he needed to be able to read it. This would have increased literacy rates, as people now needed to learn reading to understand Muhammad's teachings.