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The coherence principle advocates removing all unnecessary...
Words
Pictures
Symbols
Music
...from multimedia instruction (Mayer, 2021).

Let's click on the audio below.

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Please click through all the animations to get the full effect of poor coherence principle in action. Downloading the slide from Padlet, viewing in presentation mode and clicking the space bar to trigger each animation will offer the full effect of poor coherence principle.

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Notice how unnecessary words, images, symbols, animations and music have been removed to create a more coherent slide. Download the slide and click on the space bar to trigger the intentional animation for this strong example of coherence principle.

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Let's click on the play icon to learn more about the coherence principle.

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Mayer's (2021) signaling principle recommends adding visual highlights to emphasize the most essential learning elements because it guides audiences in making connections with the most vital aspects of the lesson. Signaling is most effective when used sparingly and with audiences who have limited knowledge on the subject.

Let's click on the audio below.

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This poor examples offers learners the relevant information to understand the lesson, but there is no clear emphasis on main words, no graphic organizers to distill information, and no coordinated visual and verbal cues to guide readers. This example does nothing to reduce extraneous processing.

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This example seeks to guide audiences with graphic organizers and coordinated visual and verbal cues which are intended to help learners make connections with essential components of the lesson.

Let's press the play icon to experience the signaling principle in action.

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Let's click on the play icon to learn more about the signaling principle.

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Mayer, R.E. (2021). Multimedia Learning. (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Wisc-Online. (2018, October 31). The coherence principle [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTyr9P15JhI

Wisc-Online. (2017, October 23). The signaling principle [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ENGjwO-kKpc