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Equalizer

An equalizer (also seen as equaliser) can be used as a correction tool or as a creative tool. It depends on the reasons behind your use of the device. Some of the most common uses are:

-          To remove specific frequencies to help enable a sound to sit better in the mix. For example, it's quite common to cut the frequencies of an electric guitar below 100-150 Hz, as removing them helps create more room for the bass guitar's frequency content. In fact, this is something that I always do when mixing.

-          A graphic EQ unit is often used to zoom in on specific problem frequencies, and then remove them. For example, you may find that a guitar recording you made has an annoying resonant frequency that stands out too much - one of those annoying notes that seems to 'ring'. You can use the device to focus in on the narrow frequency range around it, and then cut it.

-          The controls on the mixing console can be used to help separate two recordings that would otherwise sound too similar. A simple method I often use if I have two similar guitar tracks is to boost one track around the 3 kHz range and the other around the 4 kHz range -this helps to contrast the two tracks inside a mix.

These are just a few of the many possible uses for this important piece of equipment.

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There are lots of famous names when it comes to mixing desk manufacturers. Some of the most famous that you'll find in commercial studios are:

- Allen & Heath

- Solid State Logic (SSL)

Popular consoles usually found in home or project studios are:

- Behringer

- Mackie

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This is a connection usually found on the back of a channel strip. It allows an external device to be inserted into the signal path of an input channel. These are usually used for a signal processing device such as a compressor, gate, limiter, or an external EQ unit.

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The channel assignment section is mainly used if you are recording to an external source, such as a tape machine or a multitrack recorder. You can select where you want to send your input signal.

For example, you may have connected your guitar to input channel 2 on the mixing desk but you want to record it onto tape channel 7. You would send the inputted signal (on channel 2) to output 7 to make sure it was recorded onto the correct track, and to avoid recording over a track you've already committed to tape.

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The mute and solo buttons just above the channel's volume fader.Mute - the channel can't be heard.
Solo - only this channel can be heard, all others are muted. You can solo multiple tracks together.

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This places the sound in the stereo field, from left to right. The knob is called the pan pot, short for panoramic potentiometer.

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An important thing to know about an auxiliary send is the pre-fader/post-fader selection:

Pre-fader: when selected, the channel output fader (the slider at the bottom of the channel strip) doesn't affect the amount of signal that is sent through the aux send. This is normally selected for monitor mixes, where a mix of the already recorded tracks are sent to a musician through a pair of headphones as they record a new part.
Post-fader: when selected, the channel output fader DOES affect the signal level going through the aux send. This is normally selected when sending the signal to an effects unit, as it's then easy to control the amount of signal sent to the unit with the channel fader.

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You'll use this section a lot. It's where a copy of the inputted signal can be sent to various effect units outside the mixing board.

For example, a guitar input might be sent through an aux send to a reverb unit, and the stereo output of the reverb unit returned back to the mixing desk into two other input channels, so you can combine the two signals together (known as the dry/wet mix).

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Input Section
This is where you optimize the signal gain levels at the input stage before it travels any further.

You won't find all of the following controls on every mixer, but it's useful to know them all for future reference:

- Gain level - sets the level of the signal entering the channel's inbuilt preamp.

-          Pad - this can reduce the input level by a set amount, usually -20 dB, to help prevent distortion of the input signal.

-          Phase Reversal - changes the phase of the input signal by 180 degrees (flips it upside down).

-          Phantom Power - supplies +48 V of power to condenser microphones and DI boxes.

-          Mic/Line - selects the type of input: mic-level XLR connection, or line-level quarter-inch jack connection.

-          Flip - found on in-line mixers. Changes the channel from input function to monitoring function.

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There are 3 types of mixer:
1. Analog Mixer
2. Digital Mixer
3. Power Mixer
Most profesional, use the digital mixing console nowdays because it is  easier than the analog and power mixer. This also because of the digital mixer have many features than the other type of mixer and it is also can use many plug-in software that have in the computer.
But for beginners like me, I prefer to use the analog, because it is not so complicated as the digital mixer. And it is easy to identified how to use it . From that we can learn and be profesional untill we really understand how to control the mixer and know how each button works.

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How do I connect the mixer to my computer ?

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How do I connect the mixer to my computer ?

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As you can see the picture, how do I connect the mixer to my PC. And thats how it is done.

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I would choose the analog mixer than the digital mixer because the analog mixer has this two advantages for beginners like me if i want to used it for my recording purpose or else.

1. Lower cost for a limited set of features

If only a few channels with a basic set of mixing features are required, a simple analog mixer may be a more economical choice than a digital mixer.

2. Easy operation for first-time users
As mentioned above, analog mixers usually have one control per function, all of which are visible and directly accessible via the control panel. The control layout logically follows the mixer's signal flow and is therefore relatively easy to understand. This type of logical, easy operation can be an advantage in public halls and schools, for example, where a variety of people, some having little or no previous experience, may need to operate the system. In such situations it may be necessary to protect controls and functions that should not be changed with security covers.

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Analog mixer is a mixing console that many production have used it for recording, live concert and another else about sound. Analog mixer have many button on it depend on how many channel we want to used. The mixer usually have 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 channel. Also the size of the mixer depend on how many channel we want to used. A DJ mixer may have only two channels, for mixing two record players. A coffeehouse's tiny stage might only have a six channel mixer, enough for two singer-guitarists and a percussionist. A nightclub stage's mixer for rock music shows may have 24 channels for mixing the signals from a rhythm section, lead guitar and several vocalists. A mixing console for a large concert may have 48 channels. A mixing console in a professional recording studio may have as many as 72 channels.

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In audio, a mixing console is an electronic device for combining (also called "mixing"), routing, and changing the volume level, timbre (tone color) and/or dynamics of many different audio signals, such as microphones being used by singers, mics picking up acoustic instruments such as drums or saxophones, signals from electric or electronic instruments such as the electric bass or synthesizer, or recorded music playing on a CD player. In the 2010s, a mixer is able to control analog or digital signals, depending on the type of mixer. The modified signals (voltages or digital samples) are summed to produce the combined output signals, which can then be broadcast, amplified through a sound reinforcement system or recorded (or some combination of these applications).
Mixing consoles are used in many applications, including recording studios, public address systems, sound reinforcement systems, nightclubs, dance clubs, broadcasting, television, and film post-production. A typical, simple application combines signals from two microphones (each used by vocalists singing a duet, perhaps) into an amplifier that drives one set of speakers simultaneously. In live performances, the signal from the mixer usually goes directly to an amplifier which is plugged into speaker cabinets, unless the mixer has a built-in power amplifier or is connected to powered speakers.