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1. PALM OIL INFORMATION ONLINE SERVICE (PALMOILIS)

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1. PALM OIL INFORMATION ONLINE SERVICE (PALMOILIS)

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Copyright © 2021 PALMOILIS Portal. All Rights Reserved. Designed & Developed by Palm Information Centre, MPOB.

PALMOILIS HISTORY
The Palm Information Centre [Pusat Maklumat Sawit (PMS)] Malaysia Palm Oil Board (MPOB) has been official launched of its database service named PALMOILIS (Palm Oil Information Online Service) in 19193. This action were taken after more than a decade of in information acquisition, dissemination and overall information management, must have gained a new business focus. Ever since they used this database service their library and information service has become widened by made possible by development in ICT. It is presently the Boards’ Information Centre, with PALMOILIS and PALMSEARCH providing as the centralized channel for collecting and disseminating data to researches, industry and the general public sustainability of Future Palm Oil knowledge Hub. The building of PMS is were designated with multi-level structure with a total area of 5,888 square meters. Some of areas, function rooms and other facilities are carefully placed to promote better engagement. There are have four aspect of information-based service in PMS which is the Resources Library, PALMOILIS, Galeri Sawit and Plamshoppe.

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1. NUR AFIFAH ALIYAH BINTI FADZIL   (2020820408)
2. NUR ANIS ARISHA BINTI AZMAN    (2020465012)
3. FATIN SHAHIRAH BINTI ABD HADI KAMIL (2020417684)
4. NOR SHAKIRA BINTI ABDUL RAHIM (2020895126)

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Alhamdulillah first of all we would like to thank God, finally we were able to finished our assignment that have been given by our lecturer. This task had been done with all effort by group members  even though a little bit problem were happened among us while doing this assignment.  Luckily, all the problems can be settle down and we were able to adapt properly and wisely.
Besides that, we were sincerely thank to our lecture Madam Azura for the guidance and encouragement in finishing this assignment and also for teaching us in this course.
Finally, thank to our beloved friends that always stick together and also work hard to produce a good assignment with all effort and responsibility. Hope that all the effort will give a lot of benefits to us and also to our group project.

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Vision - To become a renowned information centers on palm oil and its by-products.

Mission - To preserve the industrial heritage of the country relating to palm oil by enhancing the intellectual property (IP) of the Board and constantly strives to meet or exceed the needs and expectations of our stake holders.

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The objective of PALMOILIS is:

The centralized channel for collecting and disseminating data to researches, industry and the general public sustainability of Future Palm Oil knowledge Hub

To keep engineers informed on important developments which affect their profession and the palm oil industry.

To make the any information pertaining to palm oil matters available on internet.

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The PAMLOILIS offer two types of membership especially for individual and corporate, which are available to members of the public and industry, respectively at the facility. Members have an access to the following service, perks and privileges:

1. Online Bibliographic Database Via PALMOILIS,

2. Information Resource Facilities,

3. Current Awareness/selective Dissemination of Information (SDI),

4. Free Publication and

5. Archive.

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PALMSHOPPE
MPOB publications are promoted and sold through palmshoppe. product based on MPOB technology, palm-based products, corporate souvenirs and associated publications.

LIBRARY HOLDINGS

They have provide a list of the information material that they holding in the e-library. The list that they create is e-books, Journals, Newsletters/Bulletins, Irregular Journal Holdings and Popular titles. All of the materials were have a complete information on their cataloging such as titles of the materials, their publisher and also year of publisher.

PALM NEWS

They also have provide a Palm News, this is where they put all the news about the things happen in Palm sector. The list of palm news that they have is Berita Sawit- Berita Harian, Warta Sawit, Risalah Sawit and Palm Oil Technical Bulletin (Archive). All of the news been keep in PALMOILIS were help the users to get to know all the issue and achievement that been occur in Palm sector.

ECONOMIC INFORMATION

As we know the Palm sector is related to economic sector, so the PALMOILIS provide the economic information section. The list on this economic section they have shared about their daily Malaysia prices of crude Palm oil every year, the overview of the Malaysian Oil Palm Industry, Oil Palm Statistic, Malaysian Palm Oil Exporters and Palm Tariff Information. This economic Information help the users to alert the economic conditions in palm sectors.

LAW & CIRCULARS

In PALMOILIS also provide the information about Law and Circulars. For the laws is about Malaysian Laws Regulating Palm Oil Industry on this list they focusing on several matters which is Land Matters, Environmental Matters, Labour and Employee Matters, Pesticide Use and Wildlife Matter. In laws also talk about the Act 582 that and Subsidiary and the Enforcement circulars. All of this information is about law seem like a vital to Palm Oil Industry.

PUBLIC INFORMATION

PALMOILIS have provide a Public Information but still related to Palm Oil Industry. In this they a have a list about Oil Palm and The Environment, Issue related to the Impact of Oil Palm on the Environment, Codes of practice, PALMOILPEDIA, Oil Palm Health’s Facts and lastly FAQS. This public information is more likely for help the users to get to know the general information about Palm Oil Industry.

USEFUL LINKS

Useful links such as Oil Palm Abstract Database, MPOB Transfer of Technology, Genom Sawit Website, Sustainability Microsite and lastly International Nuclear Information System.

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-  A perfect platform to have an access all information pertaining palm oil industry.
- The user from any kind organization able to obtain the most accurate information about palm oil industry.
-the user no longer need to waste their time to go the library just for looking the information because it can get via internet access that been provide by PALMOILIS.
- Help the research and development section to use all the information in their work.

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2. INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR INFORMATION SYSTEM (INIS)

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2. INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR INFORMATION SYSTEM (INIS)

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HISTORY/BACKGROUND OF INIS
Global Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an association under the United Nations (UN), which serves to disperse exact data about the atomic issue. As per its job, an International Nuclear Information.
Framework (INIS) was set up in 1970 to give freedoms to part nations under the protection of the IAEA to share data, mastery, and information, especially in the atomic field. Malaysia turned into a part since 1978, and the main nation's info was posted in 1980. INIS exercises are regulated by contact officials (LO) to screen and administer matters identifying with INIS the board. INIS has created 49 topics (subject heading) and LO needs to plan, survey and assemble the records prior to sending them to the INIS data set at IAEA base camp in Vienna, Austria. Material got will be handled prior to disseminating to all IAEA part states through INIS site or CD to nations that buy in to it. This paper zeroed in on how Malaysia adds to advancement of INIS and to advance Malaysian about the presence of this information base that zeroed in on atomic science as well as related advances.

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NLM HISTORY
The National Library of Malaysia has started operating in 1966 at the Federal Building, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, where the National Archives of Malaysia is also located. In the early 1970s, the National Library of Malaysia moved to a government building on Jalan Venning (now used as Jalan Perdana). In 1972, several sections were developed to the 6th and 7th floors of the UMBC Building, Jalan Sulaiman, Kuala Lumpur. In the same year, the Reference Section opened to the public. The National Library of Malaysia became a Federal Government Department and relocated to the 6th and 7th Floors of the MABA Building, Jalan Davidson, Kuala Lumpur. In December 1975, the National Library of Malaysia from the 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors at Wisma Sachdev / Thakurdas, Jalan Raja Laut, Kuala Lumpur. In 1982, some parts were moved to Level 3 to the 3rd floor of Wisma Sys, Jalan Raja Laut, Kuala Lumpur. The National Library of Malaysia leased Block 2B, Lot 2984, Jalan Segambut in 1985. In 1987, the National Library of Malaysia moved some parts to the Ground Floor, Bukit Naga Complex, Square Exchange, Jalan Semantan, Damansara Heights, Kuala Lumpur.

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MISSION

To enhance the delivery of quality information resources through library services in order to build a knowledge society.

VISSION
The National Library of Malaysia as a world class leader in library development and services by the year 2020.

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To make available for the use of present and future generation a national collection of library resources.

The facilitate nationwide access to library resources available within the country and abroad.

To provide leadership on matter pertaining to libraries.

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Vision
- The vision of INIS is to be the world’s maximum authoritative and complete supply of dependable facts and expertise at the non-violent makes use of nuclear technology and technology.
- To see INIS products and services at the heart of a global network of nuclear data and knowledge bases.

Mission
- The mission of INIS is to provide member states with high-quality nuclear information and knowledge management services.
-  To develop a repository of nuclear expertise and information for future generations
-  To aid in the creation of a knowledge-sharing culture inside the Agency and among Member States.
- In order to protect scientific and technological nuclear knowledge, INIS must be maintained and developed in collaboration with member nations and active partners.

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The main aim of INIS is to improve and expedite the  trade of scientific and technical facts among iaea member states on the basis of multilateral co-operation ,and to dispose of the overlapping and duplication inside the processing of literature.Thus the device is designed for international-extensive coverage in which the national contributors of iaea might provide the enter in this type of manner that is will become a part of a coherent information machine.This enter is merged at iaea headquarter at vienna to create a grasp document and distribute the equal to the member states.English is taken because the 'provider-language' of the system for information getting into the pc.

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IAEA member states, United Nations organisations, and international or intergovernmental groups with whom the IAEA has family members are all eligible to join the worldwide nuclear records system (INIS). INIS currently has 132 international locations in its club.This government level international co-operation is one of the hallmarks of INIS.
INIS realizes the benefits of partnering and cooperating with worldwide information industry partners, such as:
>  Meeting the demand for rapid global information exchange,
>   Expanding information resources, and
>   Encouraging advances in information processing and standards.
Lists of members by Country:
1. Afghanistan
2. Albania
3. Algeria
4. Argentina
5. Armenia
Lists of members by Organizations:
1. Arab Atomic Energy Agency (AAEA)
2. European Comission.
3. European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN).
4. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
5. Internationsl Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
6. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).
7. International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
8.Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR)

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this future planning were help the organization to ensure the stability of Palm Oil Industry.
Yield Improvement
An excellent  plan for improving palm oil production instead of focusing on new regions  and also focusing to bring new customers. As result it help to minimizing manufacturing costs.
Mechanization
Concentrating on the use of mechanization in oil palm farms that can contribute reducing the labour shortage and paying workers' wages.
New Product Development
The Malaysian palm oil industry make an attempt to venturing into nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals and food applications in order to create a widen opportunity of consuming palm oil products.
Biomass
The waste form palm oil products such as from empty fruit bunches, palm press fibre, fronds and trunks. All of this biomass are that can be  renewable to become a new product such as paper industry while for their empty fruit bunches, shell and fibre from the mills can be used as fuel biomass power plants, which provide the mills with steam and electricity, as well as a significant excess of electricity to feed the national grid.
Non-food Applications
This palm oil product also can be seen their potential in non-food application for example in making soaps and detergents, toiletries and cosmetics and other industrial uses. the quality of palm oil products help to create a polyols, which in turn is used for the making of polyurethane which is refer to plastic product that will be used by several industries such as building and constructions.
Green Fuel Alternative
Palm oil has potential to be a competitive and ecologically friendly alternative fuel and from that Malaysia is starting an approach to make palm biodiesel to  supplement current fuel. As result create a path to be a potential market for palm oil.
Export Liberalization
Malaysian export selling price for palm oil supplies has been liberalized in evolving business client requirements. All duty-free exports of processed palm oil products that have been allowed since 1999 as a result the exports of palm oil is increasing and in the same time create a path to join foreign market.
Counter-trade
To have a secure palm shipment to the key destination Malaysia increase the employing counter-trade in it palm oil sector.  The government have operations such as airplanes, tanks, locomotives and infrastructure projects are have focus on the palm oil counter-trade discussions. this counter-trade one of a great reason to have  two ways relationship with other countries that demand for oil palm as a return they will provide the needs that our country demands.
Vertical Integration
Instead of pursuing distinct and frequently competing objectives in promoting and selling our goods, the Malaysian palm oil sector has to strive toward a unified goal, which would make Malaysia less competitive in the market. in order
to keep our country competitive advantage in the global oils and fats market, more integration of producers, refiners and other sub-sectors of the business is required.

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IFLA is a combination of International Library Association and National Library of Malaysia. IFLA working committee, a variety of writing and research findings conducted by as a guide to improve the service and professionalism of librarianship especially in collaborative efforts at the international level. As a member institution, the National Library benefits and receives various publications and information.

IFLA has three major types which become:

1.  Association Members

2. Institutional Members

3. Individual members

IFLA has established good working relations with a variety of other bodies with similar interests, providing an opportunity for a regular exchange of information and views on issues of mutual concern.

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In conclusion PALMOILIS is great to know as a platform to help us get to know and also understand about palm oil sector.  This platform should has been popularized on the usage because all the material that they have is the most reliable information for user to gain.

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The INIS Database, which contains over 3.3 million records, is the crowning achievement of INIS.It has a one-of-a-kind collection of approximately 250,000 full-text non-traditional literature (NCL) documents that are not available through commercial means. Literature that is commercially available through traditional distribution methods, such as the book and magazine trade or publishing firms, is known as conventional literature.INIS non-conventional literature is a collection of full-text documents that includes scientific and technical reports, patent documents, pre-conference papers, and non-commercially published theses and laws that have been cited in the INIS database but are not easily accessible through commercial channels (also called grey literature).From 1970 to the present, the INIS collection of full text materials contains literature on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.
It is a one-of-a-kind multilingual thesaurus in the nuclear industry, and it serves as a key instrument for indexing and characterising nuclear information and knowledge in a structured fashion, as well as contributing to INIS Database multilingual and semantic searches. The International Nuclear Information System's rules, standards, formats, codes, and authority lists are defined in the INIS Reference Series.
The INIS Secretariat and INIS Liaison Officers in Member States work collaboratively to promote INIS. Its goal is to raise awareness of the INIS System, its products, and services, as well as to emphasise benefits to present and prospective users.The INIS transfers knowledge and know-how in data collection and information processing to its Member States in order to assist them. It also assists developing countries in establishing national INIS Centers.
Besides that,the IAEA provides a wide range of services to its Member States. This includes a technical assistance programme for 125 nations to help them use nuclear technology peacefully, a research project support programme, and a series of review missions for countries with nuclear power programmes.
Not only that,the IAEA also provides a variety of review services to its Member States, in which an IAEA-led team of specialists evaluates current practises to IAEA standards in areas such as nuclear safety and security, energy and safeguards, and health.

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1. Murty, D.S.R.(1971). International Nuclear Information System. Ann Lib Sci Doc.  18(1). 22-30. http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/28281/1/ALIS%2018%281%29%2022-30.pdf

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NLM provides reference and referral services, lending services, digital services and service to publishers.

Reference Services
NLM also provide reference service for readers. The collection contain of books, magazines, journal, newspaper, and electronic publication from local and international.

Lending Services
NLM has launched a new lending service for children's and adult's collections. Lending is for members only with no charge to the owner or carer.

Service for Publishers
NLM is the coordinating body for the ISBN/ISSN and the Publication Delivery System in Malaysia. The ISBN is a unique number that identifies the title of a book and its publishers in a particular country. The ISSN is a unique number that identifies serial publications such as magazines and newspapers published in a particular country. The service is provided free.

Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC)
OPAC is an online catalogue used to search for materials in the library's collection. It contains information such as the call number, location of the collection, loan status and etc. This is a free service that can be accessed by anyone who has access to the internet.

Cataloguing in Publication (CIP)
CIP is basic cataloguing of data for a work in advance of publication. The data comprises the name of the author, title of the work, ISBN/ISSN and subject. This service is provided free for the publishers by the National Library of Malaysia.

Publication Delivery System
The National Library of Malaysia has launched a new system that allows members of the public to share publications in their original form or copies. The Publication Delivery System allows for resource sharing among participating members who lend the publications. These enhance access to information for the purpose of study and teaching among users in and outside the country.

Bulk Lending
A service whereby 400 books are loaned out for a period of four months to institutions that are registered as members with the National Library.

Advisory and Consultation Services
NLM provides advisory and consultation services to government departments, statutory bodies, private companies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that planning to set up a new library or improving their current library services.

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Makes an excellent library and leading in this area.

Prepare and distribute reference information and research in a variety of media to all walks of life in this country.

To ensure that all Malaysians, regardless of their location and status so as to have equal access to library services and facilities.

National library provides a collection of resources for present and future generations.

Provide standards and guidelines for the development of the Center of Excellence in the field of specific information.

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The six future planning of NLM 2019-2023:

Strengthening of governance and the empowerment of the organization's image.

Strengthening the research and development of the library.

Strengthening the country's intellectual heritage preservation.

Expanding access to information resources through delivery library services.

Empowering the digital library.

Stimulate a culture of reading and writing Jawi pemertabatan

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In conclusion, the National Library of Malaysia has done various ways to attract the public to use the services provided comfortably. This NLM can allow us to know in more depth about the functions, planning strategies, benefits, and goals they want to achieve. In addition, the National library of Malaysia also provides services for publishers who want to publish their creations. Not only that, this NLM is one of the places visited by the public to make references to obtain the required information. These platforms can be further developed with the variety of materials they have and most importantly users can access the desired information more easily and save time.

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INIS maintains and administers the annual intake of roughly 120,000 new records in partnership with Member States and international organisations.

Every record entered into the INIS Database is checked by an INIS Secretariat professional to ensure the accuracy and quality of the bibliographic description and topic analysis (classification, indexing, and abstracting).

Members of INIS send an article about nuclear literature produced in their country or by their international organisation to the INIS Secretariat via the Internet (e-mail/FTP), CD-ROM, or other medium.

INIS Centers use FIBRE (Friendly Inputting of Bibliographic Records) to restructure their input preparation, assure improved quality and consistency, and save money by requiring less correction.

The subject analysis was aided by a computer-assisted indexing system that suggested descriptors in research titles and abstracts of bibliographic data produced by INIS Members, the INIS Secretariat, or purchased from publishers.

The construction of the INIS Multilingual Thesaurus is another advantage of INIS.

INIS experts from the Member States and the International Atomic Energy Agency developed a controlled vocabulary for indexing and querying the INIS Database.

The INIS Thesaurus has grown to approximately 30 000 terms as a consequence of concerted research throughout the years.

It is available in Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish, as well as German, in all of the IAEA's official languages.

In the nuclear industry, it is a one-of-a-kind multilingual thesaurus.

One of the benefits of INIS is capacity building (training and distance learning).

The IAEA's goal with this initiative is to enhance the transmission of expertise and know-how in data collecting and information processing to its Member States, particularly developing countries and new INIS members.

It also assists developing countries in establishing national INIS Centers.

These efforts are aided by training seminars for national INIS employees and the INIS Distance Learning Programs on the Internet and on CD-ROM.

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In order to succeed in business, every company needs to plan for the future. This can also happen in the International Nuclear Information System. INIS is concentrating on four elements to help them achieve their goal of becoming a successful organisation.The four elements are the true aim of the INIS organisation, the INIS business model - how we conduct business with users, our sophisticated product and service, and information growth based on originality and quality rather than quantity.
The four directional pillars define INIS' future path; INIS' purpose must be broader than its goods, and it is to offer the world with easy access to nuclear information for peaceful purposes.
Second, INIS's business model should continue to be a self-managed, non-profit partnership system of member states and international organisations.
Third, INIS is inextricably linked to the information technology it employs, and future tools and methods must be novel. In order to reach the intended result, they must be creative and imaginative.
Finally, INIS should continue to collect international nuclear literature. However, the focus should be on quality growth, which may be achieved by continuing to employ credible nuclear data from recognised sources, preferably in full text format.

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As a conclusion,the International Nuclear System (INIS) houses one of the world's most comprehensive collections of published information on nuclear science and technology for peaceful purposes. INIS is a unique and significant information resource that covers nuclear literature from all around the world.

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VIDEO -PALMOILS

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WEB PORTAL OF PALMOILIS
http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/V4/

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IAEA Data Animation: INIS Scientific Database Evolution Proves Power of Global Cooperation

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IAEA Data Animation: INIS Scientific Database Evolution Proves Power of Global Cooperation

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Portal of NLM:
https://www.pnm.gov.my/

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2. Yusof, M.H., Hassan, M.H., Adnan, H., Ali, I. (2012). International Nuclear Information System (INIS):Malaysia’s Contribution for Nuclear Knowledge Preservation.  Knowledge Management International Conference. 122-126. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289529925_International_Nuclear_Information_System_INIS_Malaysia's_Contribution_for_Nuclear_Knowledge_Preservation

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3. International Nuclear Information System. (2021,May 12). In Wikipedia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Nuclear_Information_System

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4. International Atomic Energy Agency. (n.d.). Review Missions and Advisory Services.

https://www.iaea.org/services/review-missions

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5. International Atomic Energy Agency. (n.d.). Services.  https://www.iaea.org/services

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6. UKEssays. (2015,January 1). Studying The History Of Nuclear Information System

Information System Information Technology Essay. https://www.ukessays.com/essays/information-technology/studying-the-history-of-nuclear-information-system-information-technology-essay.php

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7. Leader, Capacity Building and Liaison Group. (2004). The International Nuclear Information System. http://indico.ictp.it/event/a0369/session/13/contribution/8/material/0/0.pdf

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8. k. k. Ming, D. Chandramohan. (2002). Malaysian Palm Oil at Crossroads and Its Future Direction.  Oil Palm Industry Economic Journal, Vol. 2(2), http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/OPIEJ/opiejv2n2-10.pdf

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Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia | National Library of Malaysia

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Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia : 50 Tahun Penubuhan

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9. Manaf, Z., & Rahman, R. (2006). Examining the quality of National Library of Malaysia (NLM) cataloguing in publication (CIP) records. 55(6), 363-373. doi:DOI 10.1108/00242530610674776
10.  Pelan Strategik Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia 2019-2023. (2021). Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Bahagian Perancangan Strategik & Antarabangsa.
11. Brosur Korporat PNM. :..Portal Rasmi Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia:.. (n.d.). https://www.pnm.gov.my/index.php/pages/view/133.

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2. UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (UNESCO)

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2. UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (UNESCO)

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UNESCO HISTORY
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization or also known as UNESCO is specialized agency of the United Nations (UN). In 1945, UNESCO was founded as the successor to the League of Nations’ International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation. UNESCO is governed by the General Conference, composed of member states and associate members, which meets only to plan agency’s programmed and the budget. This organizations exists because of Second World War and they want to bring advance peace, sustainable development and human rights. The way they want to achieve all of that is with facilitating collaboration and dialogue among nations. The organization has 193 members states and 11 associate members. It also consists the partners in the nongovernmental, intergovernmental, and private sectors. In terms of headquarter buildings, UNESCO has 53 regional field offices and 199 national commissions in World Heritage Centre in Paris, France that facilitate its global mandate. UNESCO also aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, the sciences, and culture. The reason why UNESCO sponsors projects that improve literacy, provide technical training and education, advance science, protect independent media and press freedom, preserve regional and cultural history and the last one is promote cultural diversity. It is because it consists all the objective through five major program areas which is education, natural sciences, human sciences, culture and communication.

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To support and promote innovative solutions to challenges those ministries of education and governments face in the complex task of improving equity, quality, relevance, and efficiency of their curriculum, teaching, learning, and assessment processes and outcomes.

VISSION
A world where each and every person is assured quality and relevant education and lifelong learning.

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The main functions of UNESCO are to ensure that every child has access to a proper education, promoting cultural acceptance between nations while protecting historical sites, improving technology to aid in the distribution of resources and energy, and secure the safety of individual expression and basic human rights. The organization continues to develop new and existing programs and policies to ensure the advancement of social, economic, and environmental aspects of human life. These operations are possible through the use of intercultural communication, a common understanding of environmental conditions and their impact of humanity through research and education, and promoting the development of fundamental rights.

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THE DIRECTORS-GENERAL
The Directors-General of UNESCO mostly came from West and East Europe, Central and North America, and East Asia. From all the directors general, women directors general only twice held the position. Additionally, there is no election for directors general at from Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central and North Asia, Middle East, North Africa, East Africa, Central Africa, South Africa, Australia-Oceania, and South America since inception.

THE EXECUTIVE BOARD
The Executive Board also meets twice a year and is comprised of fifty-eight members who are elected by the General Conference. The responsibility of the Executive Board is to oversee all operations of UNESCO and to ensure that all activity adheres to the Constitution of the United Nations (UN).

GENERAL CONFERENCE
The first General Conference of UNESCO was held the following year in Paris, which is now the headquarters, and included the participation of thirty governments. One vital element that all member states of UNESCO agreed upon was that education and culture must be protected and preserved for future generations. The constitution of the organization states that the main goals are to promote peace by enhancing education and cultural knowledge, as well as to teach respect for the law and human rights, which protects the interest of every person despite their characteristics.

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EDUCATION
UNESCO provides global and regional leadership in education, strengthens education systems worldwide and responds to contemporary global challenges through education with gender equality an underlying principle. Education transforms lives and is at the heart of UNESCO’s mission to build peace, eradicate poverty and drive sustainable development.

CULTURE
UNESCO is convinced that no development can be sustainable without a strong culture component. Indeed, only a human-center approach to development based on mutual respect and open dialogue among cultures can lead to lasting, inclusive and equitable results. Yet until recently, culture has been missing from the development equation.

NATURAL SCIENCES
Scientific knowledge of the Earth’s history and mineral resources, knowledge of ecosystems and biodiversity, and the interaction of humans with ecosystems are important to help us understand how to manage our planet for a peaceful and sustainable future.

HUMAN SCIENCES
In today’s increasingly diverse societies, UNESCO continues to accomplish every day its fundamental humanist mission to support people in understanding each other and working together to build lasting peace. UNESCO also helps to enable people to create and use knowledge for just and inclusive societies.

COMMUNICATION
UNESCO advances freedom of expression and the safety of journalists online and off-line, notably in the framework of United Nations Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists. Moreover, the sector combats online hate speech, as well as disinformation and misinformation through awareness raising initiatives, steady monitoring, capacity-building activities, and technical support to Member States.

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THE BASIS OF INFORMED DECISION MAKING
Information is power. Freedom of Information and Freedom of Expression work against the concentration of information within the hands of a few. Of course, all information is subject to interpretation. For this reason, the clearinghouse function of an open and pluralistic media sector is critical to a better understanding of any issue.

THE PRACTICALITIES OF ACCESS
Freedom of Information does not guarantee access. Even if governments were to become models of disclosure through e-governance by putting their information online, without a means to access that information people would not be more empowered. Internet connectivity and IT resources have become crucial to unhindered access to information.

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UNESCO have been planning to rapidly change the education for the better world. To keep relevant in the future, educational planning must keep pace and adapt to the many changes constantly reshaping our world. Educational planners and managers must keep abreast of all these changes and configure new approaches to planning in an age of rapid transformation. They must update their practices and apply new policy tools to both respond to challenges and take advantage of new advancement.

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UNESCO is work to contribute to the building of peace, the alleviation of poverty, sustainable development and cross-cultural dialogue through the main programs of UNESCO. The global priorities that this organization focuses on are Africa and gender equality. So, they put all their energy to make a world a better place to live. They work based on the major ideas of programmed. Which is we can still until now, this type of work is helpful for people.

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UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION

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UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION

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12) Wikimedia Foundation. (2021, July 10). UNESCO. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO.
13) Access to Information. UNESCO. (2021, May 18). https://en.unesco.org/themes/access-information.
14) The creation of UNESCO. Permanent Delegation of Portugal to UNESCO. (n.d.). https://unesco.missaoportugal.mne.gov.pt/en/history/brief-history/the-creation-of-unesco.

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Since wars begin in the minds of men and women, it is in the minds of men and women that peace must be built. UNESCO uses education, science, culture, communication and information to foster mutual understanding and respect for our planet.