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from algae

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There are several platforms which can be employed in a biorefinery with the major ones being the sugar platform and the thermochemical platform (also known as syngas platform).

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There are several platforms which can be employed in a biorefinery with the major ones being the sugar platform and the thermochemical platform (also known as syngas platform).

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There are several platforms which can be employed in a biorefinery with the major ones being the sugar platform and the thermochemical platform (also known as syngas platform).

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Biorefinary to exploit algae.

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Factories which convert algae oil into biofuels are needed

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why focus on just one aspect of a wide range of possebilities. find where there is the highest demand for products in terms of value or volume is comming from. then research what type of foodstock grants the best result for the differnt types of materials. for instance there is a demand for bioplastics and there are 2 foodstocks that are good to be refined into plastics and one has a slightly better yealt for plastic however has no added value. and the second one has slightly less yeald of plastic hovever it can also be used to create a type of medicine wich one to pick? the one with the slightly better yeald for plastic or the one with the added value of the medicine? i would go for the one with te added value.

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A lot of knowledge is already there, but we probably can add some more.

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In the amazon forest loggers usually cut down tress and burn leaves, branches and surrounding plants. The biomass that is burnt can be put in a profitable biomass buisness to make biomassproducts.

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It is needed to make bioplastics, because everyone on the world use A lot op plastics so it is better to make bioplastics.

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Bio based products obtained from dairy animals

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Bio based products obtained from dairy animals

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Cow dung is mostly used as fuel cakes or farm fertilizer. Almost 50% of cow dung contains fibers and cellulose. That portion can be extracted and rest of the dung can be used for farm fertilizer and biogas. The fiber portion can be converted into good quality of Hand Made papers and that may fetch substantial income to the owners of cows. For that purpose Village cooperatives may be formed.

A paper manufacturing unit per village having more than 1000 cows Will boost the economy, eradicate unemployment, increase self-confidence, inspire youth to work in their own village and the latest global knowledge will be in their hands with the development all round. A tremendous change in the lifestyle of Rural area is expected.

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make electricity out of biomass, i do not know for sure if this is possible or not .It could be that an alternator is needed for this .

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Maby it is a good idea to use more biomass in computers because that are not very good things for our planet

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Can we make algae stronger?

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We are addicted to oil. In so many products these days it is used. So therefore it is important to use bioplastics. Every city should use that.

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I agree with all the people that say bioplastics should be produced. Plastic is used everywhere but it can not be broken down by nature. Bioplastics can be broken down by nature and can be produced with biomass

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Plastics are used everywhere. Right now they are mainly produced with oil. However, plastics can also be produced out of biomass. I'd say every plastic we have in the city can be produced sustainably.

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Plastics are used everywhere. Right now they are mainly produced with oil. However, plastics can also be produced out of biomass. I'd say every plastic we have in the city can be produced sustainably.

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Huge amounts of frying oil are thrown away every day, these should be reused to make biodiesel. This can be achieved through a simple transesterification reaction and would not be complicated to achieve on a large scale.

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plastic bottles and packaging are a big issue in the world. it would be a great idea to make bioplastics that are made from biobased or compostable material.

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Plastics are used everywhere. Right now they are mainly produced with oil. However, plastics can also be produced out of biomass. I'd say every plastic we have in the city can be produced sustainably.

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Energy is necessary in a community. As energetic needs increase, often times it is easier to take the least ecological way as it can be faster or cheaper. As such, there should be enough plentiful and cheap energy made from biorefineries in this city. -Alex B.

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We should use biorefinery to develop products that can be used as alternatives for harmfull or energy consuming products. Things like paint, plastics and clothing.

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Bioraffinage is het zodanig bewerken van organische reststromen dat alle componenten van de biomassa - inclusief nutriënten zoals fosfaat - de meest hoogwaardige toepassing krijgen. Hoe kunnen gemeenten bioraffinage stimuleren? Die vraag stond centraal in een workshop tijdens het symposium over fosfaatrecycling dat Bureau de Helling en Milieunetwerk GroenLinks op 12 mei organiseerden.

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Bioraffinage is het zodanig bewerken van organische reststromen dat alle componenten van de biomassa - inclusief nutriënten zoals fosfaat - de meest hoogwaardige toepassing krijgen. Hoe kunnen gemeenten bioraffinage stimuleren? Die vraag stond centraal in een workshop tijdens het symposium over fosfaatrecycling dat Bureau de Helling en Milieunetwerk GroenLinks op 12 mei organiseerden.

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Lots of clothing can be made from biomaterial

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from bioethanol and cellulose from wood fibers

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I would like to make paper out of old paper. There are no chemical processes needed, because you need to make a pulp and after thst, you can press ot in to new paper. You might add some paint to make it white instead of grey.

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Make packaging for different kinds of products (sales packaging, transport packaging), from biobased materials. In this way, the limit the use of plastic.

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using biomass(raw materials) to produce paint. the industry for this product is biorefinery.
it gets produced from bioethanol and cellulose from wood fibres.

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Plastics are used in almost everything, from clothes to food packaging and medical equipment. if at least some of these non-biodegradable plastics can be converted into bioplastics it will be better for the planet due to the decrease in permanent waste

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mierenzuur wordt normaal gemaakt uit fossiele brandstoffen, maar het is ook mogelijk te produceren met CO2. mieren zuur kan als brandstof gebruikt worden en het is ook een goede manier om een overmaat aan CO2 te gebruiken.

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Biobased products Refinery should lead to production of products with market values. The option biodegradable plastics is not the best option. The public does not always realise these plastics can only be composted in professional facilities.The option recycable biobased plastics is  better. But chemicals (eg for paint) and pharma are also good options. 

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Biobased products Refinery should lead to production of products with market values. The option biodegradable plastics is not the best option. The public does not always realise these plastics can only be composted in professional facilities.The option recycable biobased plastics is  better. But chemicals (eg for paint) and pharma are also good options. 

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As of now most colourants (for example for the textile industries) are made synthetically from fossil fuels. A transition towards biobased sources is being sought after due to raising public awareness towards sustainability and stricter regulation of excisting synthetic colourants.

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Residue crops --> Biogas

We could use residue of crops (like a corn plant) to heat our houses. With the help of micro-organisms and enzyms, we could ferment the carbohydrates in the residue of the plant and create bio-gas. With this relatively simple proces, there will be no need for natural gas or gas refined out of an oil refinery. I believe that this will bring us one step closer to making an autonomous city

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Using the carbon sources of waster water stream to produce bioplastic

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I would like to see parts of carbodys made out of biolpolymers.
The waste management for biodegradable plastic is yet missing everywhere, what you should consider. Here is a nice brochure about bioplastics I found.

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Special kinds of algae can replace plastic as packaging material. You need to kook the special algae and then it becomes a kind of plastic that can be used. The algae can also be dryed so it will be stronger.
yr

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by burning the unuseable waste products of diffrent biobased factorys

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I'd like to use the residuos from cellulose and paper industries and also sugar-cane and alcohol market. The process involved are fermentation, distillation as  examples.  The company video really motivated myself to try do it in my country.

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By first screening on valuable compounds in residual flows from primary production, herbal medicines can be derived after bio-refining.

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Fuel is needed to operate machines and run transportation. Fossil based fuel leads to the depletion of natural resources and fossils. Combustion of fossils emit CO2 and make the global climate worse. Producing fuel from biomass is more sustainable than from fossil.

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All kinds of biomass can be used but I think it is better to use materials that would otherwise be wasted by the production of another product so we can solve the waste and energy problem at once. Some techniques that can be used are biomass gasification or fermentation

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Due to the fact that the population is increasing a higher demand of proteins is required for feed and food applications this can be achieved with the use of algae,

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everywhere you look you see plastic. by collecting all this waste and making a product from it, everything becomes a lot cleaner and the plastic will be used a little bit more usefull

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we use fuel for many vehicles. if we use biofuel instead of regular fuel that would help with the climate change and smog

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We use gas to produce heat this is why we should fermentate waste streams of biologic products in bio gas (methane)

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I think this is a very important product for a biobased city. It saves fossil raw materials an it have unique properties to neutralize CO2.

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Fermentative conversion of sugar fractions into ethanol, ABE and hydrogen.

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I have picked those product categories because of the long-term value they add to a proper sustainable green economy, and also because I have been working over the last few years on innovating, developing and enhancing processes in those areas. I am thus presenting the vision and strategy on which my team is working.

The extraction of some valuable chemicals and pharmaceutical components from biomass is, with current technology, more economical than traditional mining and other extraction process, and it furthermore allows for recycling of hitherto non-recyclable waste products. The benefits of biodegradable plastics, particularly where the rate of biodegradability may be controlled in consideration of the products' uses, are immense for a sustainable economy. As for biofuels, to power either mobile or stationery applications, they are a mainstay in transforming current global economic patterns to more sustainable ones.

Such a complex biorefinery would be able to take feedstock primarily from the agriculture sector, both dedicated and residual. It would also utilize waste from certain food-processing industries. Aquaculture-based feedstock would be of prime importance for pharmaceutical, chemical and biofuel production.

The most important platforms in our concept are oils, lignin, sugars and biogas. Our key separation process, on which we are currently working to downscale and render modular and mobile, would fall under the category of mechanical/physical processes, although it may be more accurately classified as thermo-mechanical. The initial results, at several experimental pilot scales and with a wide variety of feedstocks, show phenomenal promise. We have also developed an efficient conversion process to produce biodegradable plastic materials. Subsequent processes, whether conversion or upgrade, are quite developed within different industries, and may be used as is or developed further.

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A lot of plastic materials (bags in particular) are being discarded after a few uses which end up in the ocean or landfill. It takes a long time for them to break down and in the meantime can negatively affect the environment including living animals. A plastic that degrades much quicker would be useful in these situations.

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From the biorefinery, I think I would focus on creating eco-friendly plastics, which are capable of being broken down once discarded. Too much plastic is being produced all over  the world and the material is getting into ocean and proved un-breakdown-able for quite some years. Alternative methods should be found!

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I think the moste intresting products that could be made from biorefinery are the ones that have a high quality and that has a added value. Creating products that can't be made easy otherwise

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Made from vegetable waste

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The plastic is made by splitting wood, by not burning it but splitting it the wood will release lginin and sugars. Plastic can be made from these products.

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From starch and sugars