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Densities of Solid and Liquid Water Video

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Densities of Solid and Liquid Water Video

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Perlman, U. H. (n.d.). Water Density. Retrieved April 27, 2017, from https://water.usgs.gov/edu/density.html

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This property has a major impact on the water cycle. When the water is frozen, it is a very good insulator for bodies of water. The lower density keeps it at the surface, and it keeps lakes from thawing and started the process of evaporating until later into the year. In addition, solid water or ice, cools down the temperature of surface water which influences evaporation and the water cycle.

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This property relates to chemistry through the interaction of the molecules within the substance. The molecules water are polar so the hydrogen atoms are naturally attracted to the oxygen molecules to that when it freezes it forms a crystalline structure which lowers the density and increases the volume of solid water.

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This property impacts and is demonstrated within the world in many ways such as:
-Since solid water has a smaller density than liquid water, ice floats on the surface of liquid water. This is demonstrated in the arctic and the antarctic regions through icebergs and floating ice masses. This creates entire ecosystems and has an enormous impact on the world's climate.
-This property also allows life to live below the surface of the water. Since ice has a lower density it floats to the surface as it freezes allowing life to exist below.

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The property of the density of solid and liquid water comes into effect within the real world in many ways such as:
-People have to use chemicals such as anti-freeze on the windshields of their cars when it is cold out or when there is water that could potentially freeze on it. This is because when water freezes, it expands. When there is water on the surface of a windshield or on another glass pane and it freezes, it expands and can shatter the glass.
-Since solid water is less dense than liquid water, ice can float on the surface. Since ice floats, it allows for the formation of icebergs and for life to live below the surface of the water. Life can exist below the surface since, as water freezes it becomes less dense and floats to the surface.

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The densities of solid and liquid water are not the same. Liquid water actually has a higher density than solid water. This is as a result of when water freezes to solid form from its liquid form, it forms a crystalline structure that is maintained by hydrogen bonds as opposed to the uniform structure of liquid music.The orientation of the molecules within water causes them to spread out more when frozen.

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Perlman, U. H. (n.d.). Surface Tension and Water. Retrieved April 26, 2017, from https://water.usgs.gov/edu/surface-tension.html

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The water cycle is the movement of water between land, bodies of water, and the atmosphere through means such as evaporation and condensation. Evaporation is a major part of the water cycle. It is the major method through which water leaves bodies of water and the surface of the Earth to enter the atmosphere. Rates of evaporation are effected by surface tension. The molecules at the surface of the water are more strongly attracted to each other which reduces or slows evaporation.

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Surface tension relates to chemistry in that it influences the way that molecules interact with each other through inter-molecular forces. Within water the surface molecules have a stronger attraction to each other than do the molecules below the surface. This interaction determines the shape that liquids will pull themselves into. In addition, it helps to explain why substances within a solution will eventually separate out since molecules of a like substance are naturally attracted to each other.

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This property impacts the world in many ways such as:
-The surface tension of water prevents dust and dirt particles from sinking down and killing and damaging the ecosystems below the surface
-The form the surface tension of the water forces  the water into allows plants to take up the water from the ground and survive and for life to exist

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Surface tension comes into effect in many instances in the real world. For example:
-Small insects use this surface tension to walk on water
-This surface tension is strong enough even to float a needle on water despite its much greater density
-Detergents and soaps lower the surface tensions of water so that the water and detergent soak more easily into pores and dirty areas
-Clothes are usually cleaned with hot water because it has a lower surface tension so that it soaks more readily into clothing
-The forces of surface tensions draw drops of water and bubbles into spherical shapes

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Surface tension is the property that allows liquids to resist external forces. Tension is created by cohesive forces between molecules; molecules within a liquid want to stick to like molecules. However, at the surface of a liquid there are less molecules to stick to so the bonds between the molecules are stronger creating surface tension.