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Environmental
The built up environment is what’s around us that’s man made like buildings, houses, shops, light poles, power lines, factories, cities etc. Where you find built up areas, you find cars and trucks which puts carbon emissions into the air. This then pollutes the air and lessens air quality. Accidents can also occur like crashes or worksite injuries while inactivity can lead to obesity and then to diseases like cardio-vascular disease. Other factors that plague built up areas can include noise pollution, lack of green space, indoor air quality and walkability.

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Environmental

The natural environment has massive impacts on the health of the society surrounding it. Natural environment includes all the organisms, elements and landscapes around earth, such as air, water, climate, vegetation, animals, micro-organisms, soil and rocks.  Natural environment usually means it is untouched by humans, however humans play a big part in altering the natural environment for example climate change.

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Biomedical
Body weight - In Australia, there has been an increasing number of obesity. The prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically worldwide and according to the WHO it is becoming not only a nation problem, but a global epidemic. As the body fat index increases, the risk of developing a range of health problems such as, Including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), high blood pressure, certain cancers, sleep apnoea, osteoarthritis and psychological disorders. Underweight people are more likely to develop malnutrition and poor health, females who are underweight are likely to have problems with their reproductive system. Malnutrition is usually a problem in developing countries. Obesity is usually a problem with high access to food, but some people who suffer with malnutrition, obesity, and eating disorders could be influenced by genetic factors as well as biological factors and sometimes environmental factors.

Health is like money, you never know its true value until you lose it.

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Health Situation and Access to Health Services

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Equity and Wellbeing Gains for Young People

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Funding Transport = Access to Health Services

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International Transport Forum's 2013 Summit on Funding Transport. 22-24 May, Leipzig, Germany. www.internationaltransportforum.org/2013

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Income -
Income is positively linked to health of a individual. Low income earners generally have a lower health status. People with lower income may lack social relationships and self esteem, can experience higher levels of stress and feel as if they have no control over normal every day occurrences. Higher income earners have a greater opportunity to access and afford higher levels of health care, access to ways to exercise (gym)  and secure communities in which to live.

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Socio-economic

Employment: Having a job or an occupation is important as employment allows access to income and social status, which both are good for health outcomes. It provides a link between the individual & society and enable people to contribute to society with fulfillment. However, the type of job a person has and the working conditions they're surrounded in can affect their health. E.g. if a person works in a construction industry, they are at the risk of exposure to strong chemicals , fumes and particles. Construction workers who inhale a lot of dust are also at risk for lung cancer.

Being employed is also better for health than being unemployed.

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Socio-economic

Access to services- Health services can`t usually prevent individuals from getting ill, but having regular access to health care services when it is needed can be beneficial, as it acts as a secondary prevention and help reduce the burden of a disease in a community. If many people can not gain access to health care services in a community then the spread of disease will be significantly higher and the entire population could be a risk from disease.

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socio-economic-

family- family can impact socio-economic status which will affect education opportunities, allow them to have more luck in finding jobs and have higher aspirations if they are a high wealth family and negatively affect health through lack of support and pressure if they come from lower income families. the relationship of the family and their attitudes towards each other will also affect stress, happiness and mental health as well as physical health in certain circumstances.

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Social
Social support- People who isolate themselves or have bad relationships with others have a shorter life expectancy than those who have positive, rewarding, close friendships. In order for people to feel valued, loved and cared for humans need to have a sense of belonging. High level societies have lower levels of illness and disease and higher life expectancy, whereas has low level communities suffer from a higher level of crime, violence, and lack of social respect.

Culture- Depending on the cultural group in which an individual belongs to, will have an impact on their health behaviors. Their cultural expectations will have an influence on decisions such as food choices, help seeking and rituals or traditions. Cultural beliefs impact both the individual, family and group dynamic. An individual may feel that it is an important aspect to respect cultural traditions or habits.

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Socio-economic

Education - The individual's that maintain a higher level of education, tend to experience fewer chronic health problems and usually have a longer life expectancy than those who have a basic level of education or no education at all. Education is critical to an individual's life as it helps shape their health outcomes as well as influences certain health behaviours. Those who maintain educational achievement usually lead healthier lives, have increased literacy and are able to make better decisions as well as be less of a risk taker. Children whose parents did not complete high school are more than six times as likely to have poor health as well as a poor lifestyle, than those whose parents are University graduates and have a job.

A child without education is like a bird without wings - Tibetan Proverb

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Social
Addiction - the addiction of unhealthy substances will worsen the problems for the user and create new problems. Along with the obvious physical effects of the drug or substance on the body, the emotional strain of coping with addictions is detrimental to health in itself. The cost of the substance (cigarettes,
alcohol etc) will lead to the user further into poverty or place extra stress on already limited resources and this will cause added stress.
Food - a healthy, nutritious, balanced diet is essential for growth, development and vitality, all good nutrition advice suggests minimal amounts of salt, sugar and starchy or processed foods and large amounts of fresh fruit, vegetables and legumes. people living in developed countries eat by choice but people in developing countries have to eat what is available to them and poor people tend to substitute quality for quantity.
Transport - transport can act as a source of exercise such as walking, cycling or skating, these are also better for the environment because they have no emissions. In developing countries access to cars and forms of transport would make long distances easier to travel and allow access to medical facilities, education and food, these could all increase opportunity and improve health outcomes.