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Dermot MacMurrough, King of Leinster, was expelled by the high king and Invited Anglo-Normans (English) to help take back land. (Political + Social)

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King Henry II of England becomes overlord of Ireland in 1171 (Political)

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King Henry II of England becomes overlord of Ireland in 1171 (Political)

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King James I of England create policies that favored English governing class. Longstanding Irish Earls and powerful Irish families, soldiers and churchmen left to go to mainland Europe, and opened up even more the ability for the English to take control. (Political)

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English Parliament legislates for Ireland. The English House of Lords also has power in supreme court law cases in Ireland.

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13 of Great Britain’s North American colonies won political independence and went on to form the United States of America.

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During the American and French Revolutions, the English  became fearful that Ireland would side with their enemies so they gave more rights to the Irish Parliament. But they were still under English rule.

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The French Revolution was a period of major social upheaval that began in 1787 and ended in 1799. It sought to completely change the relationship between the rulers and those they governed and to redefine the nature of political power. It proceeded in a back-and-forth process between revolutionary and reactionary forces.

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The orange order merged Protestant gentry and Farmers while stopping catholics from participating. This led to a decrease in land quality in the south and west.

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The Catholic Association was formed. The need for emancipation into a large political movement that drew the attention of Europe. This led to the Catholic Emancipation Act.

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The Irish republican brotherhood started recruiting membership to promote independence and so boosting nationalism.

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A Secret revolutionary society in Ireland and America
Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone

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Formed in 1870 seeking self-governance

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The Irish Land Act by Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone gave rights back to poor Irish land owners. This came in handy due to people being evicted.

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Irish Land League form in 1879 to achieve the ability to secure land, have fair rent prices, and freedom to sell property. They combined with the Home Rule Movement to increase power in British Parliament.

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To promote Irish sports.

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Revive interest in speaking and studying Irish.

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Recruiting membership to promote independence

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To transfer land ownership to the peasants

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A radical nationalist party who preached independence.

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Self-govt for Ireland was passed but never went into effect

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Planned by the Irish Republican Brotherhood. About 1,700 Irish Volunteers (nationalist organization) seize Dublin general post office and other strategic points (April 24). British troops come to stop rebellion. Fighting in streets for 5 days . Irish surrender April 29 after British bombing