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Ancient medicine (11th - 12th century BCE)

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Ancient medicine (11th - 12th century BCE)

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During this era of time, health was directly related to spirituality in each culture. Deseas was related to doing something to disturb the gods.

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Hippocratic health concept (5th century BCE)

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Hippocratic health concept (5th century BCE)

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Hippocrates is considered the Father of Modern Medicine as a result of his ideas. He stated that health was related with the balance of bodily fluids, which influenced in aches and other deceases. These fluids could be balanced through behavior and medicine.

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Roman empire era (1st century BCE to 5th century CE)

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Roman empire era (1st century BCE to 5th century CE)

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During the roman empire, Galen (roman physician) expanded on Hippocrates' definition and health by developing a more  holistic idea that considered each patient as a whole, including mental and emotional states. It is stated that Roman practices began considering health in a society level rather than just individual.

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“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” (WHO Constitution, 1948).

They define that health is determined by a variety of different factors: Individual behaviors, socioeconomic position, the environment, and events that have an impact on life.

This definition has changed based on the public's perception of health, as times have been changing and the medical industry has improved since 1948.

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A scientist writes this definition, through the lens of philosophy: "Complete freedom from disease and from struggle is almost incompatible with the process of living" (René Dubos, 1959). He argues that though technology has been advancing, we will never abide to a perfect standard of health due to the ever-changing environment.

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Towards a Psychology of Being book (1968)

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Towards a Psychology of Being book (1968)

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Health is based on the fulfilment of needs in a particular order: first physical needs; then safety; love and belonging; esteem; and lastly self-actualization

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Toward a New Definition of Health: Psychosocial Dimensions (1977)

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Toward a New Definition of Health: Psychosocial Dimensions (1977)

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Health is a relative term that must recognize the specific
circumstances of the individual and society

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This economist argues that health is a "dynamic stare of well-being characterized by an individual's physical, mental and social, mental, and social potential yo meet the demand of life unique to the individuals age, culture and personal responsibility"

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He specifically talks about what could we effectively identify as a value based healthcare system. He supports his idea by six main principles:
1. Organizing into integrated practice units
2. Measuring costs and outcomes for every patient
3. Moving to bundle payments that cover the full care cycle
4. Integrate healthcare delivery across separate facilites so every patient gets a personal physician leader
5. Geographically expanding healthcare providers coverage
6. Support these changes with information and technology

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Redefining Health article definition (2017)

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Redefining Health article definition (2017)

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A holistic state of physical, mental, emotional, and social
wellness supported by an integrated and technologically sophisticated healthcare delivery system tailored to meet the entirety of a patient’s medical needs, including disease prevention and management of undesirable conditions, comorbidities, complications, and unique patient circumstances

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The active participation of patients in healthcare

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The active participation of patients in healthcare

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It has increasingly utilized through programs like the NIH Precision Medicine Initiative. This program aimed at extending precision medicine to all diseases by enrolling a large number of patient volunteers in national cohort studies.