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Believed people are sovereign and rulers Monarchs aren't chosen by god

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Said the state must have an authority to manage behavior for those misbehave and wicked people. Hobbes called it the leviathan because he wanted an image of strength and power to stand metaphorically for the commonwealth and its sovereign.

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Said the best form of the government is the separation of power which included legislation, judicial, executive.
Promoted liberty and prevent tyranny

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1. Believed Only good government was the one freely formed by people Government control should be minimal and people were naturally good

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Believed freedom of speech and religion.
Believed monarchs should protect there people and rule over them
Believed Separation of church and state

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Developed the heliocentric theory of the sun being in the center of solar system
He reviewed geocentric theory
Study planetary motion for 20

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Found out each planet move in a oval orbit around the sun
Observed and study planetary motion
Calculated the orbits and movements each planet has around the sun

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1. Discovered and formed laws of gravity Invented calculus which helped proved theory of heliocentric

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Used telescope to support heliocentric theory
Shattered Aristotle theory of the moon and stars being made of something special

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1. Discovered circulation of blood in human body Explained the heart acted as a pump for blood throughout the body. Described function of blood vessels

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1. Cause more great debt in England die to lavish wars Summoned parliament to increase taxes for financial support Charles signed the petition of rights which limited king's power

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1. Leader of Roundheads Created new Puritan beliefs Organized new modern army which chose officer for skill Defeated Cavaliers

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Invited James's Protestant daughter Mary and her
Husband William of Orange to take over the throne
William and Mary brought their armies to fight James but
James fled to France
This bloodless overthrow is known as the Glorious
Revolution (1688)

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Ended England's kingless decade
Worked alongside Parliament and signed Petition of Right Reestablished the Church of
England

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Many English Protestants feared
James would restore the Roman
Catholic Church
People who were for James II were known as Tories
Created official political parties or factions in England for the first time
William Harvey

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1. Believed he needed to "westernize" Russia so he adopted many new ideas, technologies, culture and government from Western Europe Improved infrastructure and supported new trading companies

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Took steps as well to help modernize Russia
Armies won control over the Northern Black Sea from the Ottomans, Russians can now trade in the Mediterranean Sea
Expanded Russian Empire into
Poland

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Reduced power of the aristocracy and created a whole new set of nobility from the merchant class- that develops. into the Bourgeoisie- refers to a new "middle class" He revoked the Edict of Nantes forcing thousands of Huguenot artisans and businessmen to flee Built the Palace of Versailles Strengthened royal power

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The halls within the palace displayed the finest paintings and statues There were two wings alongside the main building with about 2,000 rooms The estimated cost of the palace currently is over $2 billion and $300 billion

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Forced thousands of serfs to drain the swampy lands, invited italian architects to design great palaces using western influences The city was a symbol of peters effort to create a new modern russia.