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Japan had a very strong military allowing expansionism. Japan saw China in a weak state and invaded. This tension seemed to be the strongest at the Theatre of the Marco Polo Bridge.
Where China took the first shot of hostility in defense in which they thought was an enemy coming to their side, which endured fighting.
China wanted a verbal agreement of peace, including an apology and punishment. Japan refused and continued attacking, which turned to a full scale war.

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The Marco Polo Bridge encounter

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Marco Polo Bridge Incident - The First Battle of WWII

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Chiang Kai-shek — a Chinese military official and political leader (Chinese national party) . Following the Marco Polo incident, he mobilized China and led the war of resistance against Japan. Eventually he met with British Prime minister Winston Churchill and American President Franklin D. Roosevelt, to discuss Japans surrender.

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To increase Japan's control over China, Japan took over the weak territory of Manchuria; in the process taking over Korea. During this moment in history, Korea was still labelled as one and not split into north and south. They experienced a big toll in imports and exports because the country was not rich in any natural resources, struggling to survive. Japan had also committed war crimes against them, similar to the Nanjing Massacre.

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The Shanghai forces were greatly weakened as Japan was marching it's way through Chinese territory. Many Chinese Soldiers were killed, so China decided to withdraw battalions in Nanjing; the capital at the time. Western businessmen and missionaries established the Nanjing Saftey Zone, a safe place for women, children, and people who were not fighting.

Japan went on a campaign of killing. Over 300,000 civillains and Chinese soilders that were outside the saftey zone were killed over 2 months. They raped tens of thousands of women as well as looted and burnt down many buildings.

In Januray of the next year they considered Nanjing subdued.

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Lone video reveals tragedy of Nanjing Massacre

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The Infringement of The Charter of Right and Freedoms by the Japanese against the Chinese

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The Infringement of The Charter of Right and Freedoms by the Japanese against the Chinese

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During Japan's "reign" on China, a lot of the rights and freedoms that Canadians citizens are granted were restricted, like mobility rights, legal rights,and especially equality rights.

Chinese citizens that were not in safety zone were succumbed to the Japanese's tyrannical ways of where they lived. They could not escape or move anywhere within the country of China.

They were captured and imprisoned without any valid reason and subjected to cruel, and unusual treatment and punishment like beatings, rape, murder and other heinous activities.

They were treated this way because they were Chinese, which goes against Canada's equality rights to not be discriminated against for things such as race, gender identity, sex, sexual orientation and the such.

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Hideki Tojo was Japanese politician and general later turned prime minister for a short while during World War II.

He was extremely ethnocentric and was convicted of war crimes such as the Nanjing Massacre. He led the Japanese to enslave that of Korea and China, enabling behaviors that led to the death of many innocent soldiers and civilians.

He was charged with crimes against humanity and received a death sentence 11 years after the fact.

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All the fighting over the years sunk Japan in a large economical hole. All of their materials were being used for the war, upcoming tensions with the U.S and the control the Japanese wanted over the Asian-Pacific.

Japan trying to reciprocate, targeted Manchuria's great economical source of coal.

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This year was almost like a "Great Depression" for China. Japan had been using it's materials for so long, that there was basically none for them, running them into starvation.
They were stuck in a stalemate. Meaning what ever move they made, Japan could counter attack.

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A campaign of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Against the Japanese Imperial army in Central China. In other words, a counter attack against Japan.

Zhu De, a Chinese general, coordinated an offensive against the cities the Japanese controlled and the railway lines connecting them. They blew up bridges and tunnels, ripping up the tracks, also destroying the Jingxing coal mine which was important for the Japanese war industry. The industry was proclaimed inoperative or six months, showing great victory for the CCP.

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The CCP leading the attacks on the railways.

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In this photo we see the Chinese Communist Party amidst their campaign called, "The Hundred Regiments Offensive." This campaign attacked Japanese railways, tunnels, and bridges, everything that the Japanese had. This got China out of deep mud, finally throwing the Japanese off track.

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A foreign policy was made by America to help support China against Japan, though the U.S was fueling the Japanese military economy at the time. America didn't like them attacking China, but Japan was too far in. America withdrew, which led to the Pearl Harbour Attacks. America later declaring war against Japan.

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What was the Pearl Harbour Attack? (Article)

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What was the Pearl Harbour Attack? (Article)

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Japan had attacked Pearl Harbour, which was located in Hawaii. They used airships to attack nearby ships. This followed beginning conflict between The U.S.A and Japan.

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President Franklin D. Roosevelt Declares War on Japan (Full Speech) | War Archives

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To this day the Japanese government has refused to acknowledge the incident that happened in Nanjing, China. China recognizes the event every year marking it as a national memorial day, lowering all flags to half-mast. Yet the Japanese government doesn't acknowledge it and adapts their history books into making it seem like nothing seemingly related happened. To this day, there are people around the world trying to shed light on the event to seek justice for the victims.

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Denial of the Nanjing Massacre (article)

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Denial of the Nanjing Massacre (article)

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As the Japanese right wing political party began to rise in 1972, denials of the Nanking Massacre became more apparent. These denials can be divided into three types: distorted facts and rewriting history, disputes on how many people killed, or denying the massacre altogether (Zhang).

In 1982, the Japanese Ministry of Education headed the campaign to distort and rewrite the events of World War II in the history books. Certain words were replaced in text about Sino-Japanese wars; Japanese "aggression" in Nanking being by "advancing in and out." This was finally stopped because of the strong protest by the surrounding Asian countries and various Japanese educational groups, but the rewriting of the Nanking Massacre remained and repeated several times after. Moreover, the Ministry of Education has never admitted that the distortion of history is a mistake (www.cnd.org).

During the same period, some Japanese historians came to believe the numbers killed in massacre had been a great exaggeration. The book, Nanking Incident, by Hata Ikuhiko claims that there were only 38,000 to 42,000 victims (www. cnd.org).
Perhaps the most outrageous claim was of an absolute denial of the atrocity. The Journey to China sparked the publication of two articles, "Reply to Katsuichi Honda," and "The Phantom of the Nanking Massacre," both declaring that the massacre never happened. In addition, the book, "Fabrication of Nanking Massacre," by Massaki Tanaka, also denied the massacre and blamed the Chinese for the war (Zhang).
In 1990, Japanese government officials formally denied the Nanking Massacre by stating that it was a lie. On November 10, 1990, the deputy Japanese Consul in Houston told Americans that according to Japanese sources, the massacre never occurred. Shintaro Ishihara, a Japanese writer and politician, was quoted by Playboy, "People say that the Japanese made a holocaust there, but that is not true. It is a story made up by the Chinese." This treatment of the Massacre still continues today in the 21st century (Zhang).
References:
"Basic facts on the Nanjing Massacre and the Tokyo War Crimes Trial." Japanese Army's Atrocities. 1993.New Jersey Hong Kong Network. 10 Jul 2007 <http://www.cnd.org/njmassacre/nj.html>.

Zhang, "History." Nanking Massacre 1937. 2000. 17 Jul 2007
<http://prion.bchs.uh.edu/~zzhang/1/Nanking_Massacre/history.html>.

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As the Japanese right wing political party began to rise in 1972, denials of the Nanking Massacre became more apparent. These denials can be divided into three types: distorted facts and rewriting history, disputes on how many people killed, or denying the massacre altogether (Zhang).

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Japanese teacher seeks truth about Nanjing massacre

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Everything we used to find this information.

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