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An avulsion is a forcibly tearing off of skin or even a body part. When layers of the skin, have been torn off to expose muscle, tendons, tissue or when a finger or ear comes off that is considered an avulsion. Elevate the wound and absorbent dressing or a clean cloth to apply pressure. You can put direct pressure on raw muscle or fat tissue that is exposed. After the first 24-48 hours you can gently, but thourghly clean the wound with soap and water. After cleaning, reapply petroleum jelly and bandages.

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A puncture is a wound that makes a hole by penetrating or piercing tissue by an object such as a nail, knife, or sharp tooth. These wounds might appear to only be on the surface, but may extend into deeper tissue layers. The initial treatment for a puncture is to stop the bleeding, apply pressure with a cloth, then clean the wound by rinsing it with clean water. Apply an ointment and cover the wound. For post care make sure to change the dressing and watch for infection, apply more antibiotic cream or ointment.

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An incision is a jagged and irregular wound by the tearing of soft body tissue. The wound is often contaminated with bacteria and debris from whatever object caused the cut. The initial and post care for an incision include gently washing it with soap and water, but don't scrub or scrape the wound and don't use alcohol or hydrogen peroxide. Air dry or or pat dry with a towel and apply a clean bandaid or gauze.

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A laceration is a wound that is jagged or torn, the tearing of soft body tissue. Ex. cutting a finger on broken glass. For a minor laceration, rinse the wound and apply pressure, clean blood and put on a bandage and raise the body part to slow bleeding. After clean the cut 2 times a day, but do not use alchohol or hydrogen peroxide, cover with neosporin or a healing ointment. For a more severe laceration, do not tie a tourniquet to the affected limb or push an exposed muscle, tendon, bone or organ back into place.

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An Abrasion is a minor superficial scrape or wearing off of the skin, by a scrape or brush burn. Ex. skinned knee. The initial and post care for an abrasion is to apply an antiseptic lotion or petroleum jelly and cover the area with a bandage or gauze pad. Change the dressing often and keep it clean and dry.

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Universal precautions are the guidelines for treating people without getting or spreading an infectious disease or bloodborne pathogen. Protective barriers reduce this risk and exposure. Some protective barriers include, gloves, gowns, masks, and protective eyewear. Materials needed for caring for a wound are bandages, and gauze cleaning supplies/soap and water if avaiable, antibiotic cream/ointment, and something to help apply pressure.

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The signs of a wound that is infected are:

puss, pimple or yellow crust around the wound, soft scab, redness, red streak, more pain, more swelling, swollen node, etc. If these signs increase 4-5 days of an injury it is infected.