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Chinese doctors and nurses developed the first vaccine for smallpox which required that one of the sores be ground up into a fine powder and then inhaled through a tube which allowed the patient to become immune to smallpox without getting it. It was a huge market in the medical community because it required a certain maturity, size, and type to not act as a live virus.

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Leeuwenhoek discovered the cell and along with it he was the first person to see the surface of Mars.

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Ignaz Semmelweis founded modern sanitation practices which resulted in significantly less diseases being transmitted thanks to sterility.

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Gabriel Andral discovered white blood cells which are not white but rather are called that because of their distinctive color that contradicts the red blood around it.

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Rudolph Virchow discovers leukemia and created the autopsy method along with being the founder of pathology

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Louise Pasteur discovered how air transmission is a key role in how bacteria travel based on a flask with boiled meat broth in it having not developed cultures until it was flipped over or broken.

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Joseph Lister implemented the idea of sanitation and cleaning solutions into the public conscience by writing numerous papers on the effectiveness of carbolic acid in decreasing rates of wound infections.

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Robert Koch managed to isolate anthrax bacteria from animal blood and pour it onto a mouse's eyeball and watched the growth of the bacteria and poison.

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John Snow founded epidemiology by developing a map of deaths on Broad Street England and ultimately found that the cause of it was the mixing of sewage and drinking water causing cholera cases to rise.

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In 1888 Dr. Paul Ehrlich working out of Robert Koch's laboratory diagnosed himself with the same strain of tuberculosis he was testing and furthered the development of pathology.

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Dr. Ehrlich discovers the process of how an antibody works.

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The first anti-biotic arsphenamine was developed by Drs. Paul Ehrlich and Sahachiro Hata.

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Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold surgically transplanted two frog embroyos into the same tissue and caused two frog heads to immerge from one tissue.

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Frances Kelsey was appointed to the F.D.A. division of new drugs where she halted Thalidomide from being widely distributed due to her skepticism of the drug. Ultimately it was found that it caused severe birth defects which was seen as much more concerning than the calming effect that it was used for.

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Milstein and Kohler fused a blood plasma producing cell with a cancer cell creating a life-long antibody producing cell