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Pinkus Kartin was born in 1914 and was killed on May 20, 1942. he was part of many anti-nazi resistance fighters and a Polish-Jewish communist activist.

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Video of the events in the warsaw ghetto uprising

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Video of the events in the warsaw ghetto uprising

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The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | Key Historical Concepts in Holocaust Education

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"It is impossible to put into words what we have been through what happened exceeded ouR boldest dreams. The Germans ran twice from the ghetto. The dream of my life has risen to become fact. I have been a witness to the magnificent, heroic fighting of Jewish men in battle."

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https://www.holocausthistoricalsociety.org.uk/contents/jewishbiographies/kartinpinkus.html

https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/warsaw-ghetto-uprising

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Pinkus Kartin was born in the city of Lusk in Western Ukraine, which was part of the Polish state between the First and Second World Wars. While still in his youth he joined the Communist Movement and in the Spanish Civil War he was an officer in the Dombrovski Brigade. When the Second World War started Kartin was in France, working for the Comintern. He was recognised as a citizen of the Soviet Union and repatriated to Russia, under the terms of the German -Soviet exchange of citizens agreement - which was honoured until the outbreak of hostilities between the two countries.

In the Soviet Union, he joined the circle of Polish Communist emigres, and he underwent special military training, and was counted among the elite 'Enterprises Group' that was chosen to penetrate into Poland, lead the underground Communist Party, and organise an armed force, backed by the Communists.

After a number of abortive attempts to reach Poland, the first squad including Kartin - also known by his underground name of Andrzej Szmidt, parachuted into the Warsaw area at the end of 1941. Kartin could not take part in the enlistment campaign in the Polish sector since his appearance would betray his Jewish origins. For a while, he hid out in the home of a Polish shoemaker, suffering severely from a lack of sufficient nourishment and warm clothing.

One of his comrades in arms Colonel Gustav Alef- Bolkowicz recalled Pinkus Kartin:

Pinkus Kartin for example, I see every minute. I can hear his melodic voice, he lives forever in my memory. He was a heroic captain of the International Brigade in Spain, the leader of an anti-fascist bloc. This great humanitarian and a Jew volunteered in 1941, in the land of the Soviets, to jump, parachute together with Marceli Novotka, pseudonym 'Maryan' behind the enemy front in occupied Poland, and organise the PPR (Polish Workers Party). Later he entered the Warsaw ghetto.

Finally, Pinkus Kartin's comrades decided, ignoring the original plans and responsibilities to charge Kartin with the mission of organising the Party and the combat units within the ghetto. In May 1942, the Communists began to organise the first group slated to go out to the forests and mobilisation extended throughout the ghetto. For weeks meetings of the bloc's 'fivesomes' were devoted to instruction on the nature of partisan warfare and combat tactics in the city and in the forests. At the last moment, however, the campaign, which was supposed to be the bloc's first actual combat operation was cancelled. The reason for the postponement led to the total disintegration of the bloc.

On 20 May 1942, three of the Polish Workers Party (PPR), including Andrzej Szmidt himself, were arrested on the corner of Zamenhof and Gesia streets, while handing over printing type, purchased in the ghetto. It emerged later that a secret Gestapo agent Kisielow, who had infiltrated the ranks of the Polish Communists, was responsible for the arrest. This arrest basically led to the collapse of the Communists Resistance bloc, after an initial cessation of all routine activities, it was eventually disbanded in June 1942.

As for Andrzej Szmidt, he was killed by the Germans in Pawiak prison in Warsaw on 20 May 1942.
Sources Y. Gutman, The Jews of Warsaw 1939-1943, The Harvester Press, Brighton, 1982 Kowalski and Arad, The Anthology of Armed Jewish Resistance 1939 - 1945, Jewish Combatants Publishers House, 1984 B. Engelking and J. Leociak, The Warsaw Ghetto, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 2009 Wiener Library Lukasz Biedka © Holocaust Historical Society 2016

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Pinkus Kartin was born in the city of Lusk in Western Ukraine, which was part of the Polish state between the First and Second World Wars. While still in his youth he joined the Communist Movement and in the Spanish Civil War he was an officer in the Dombrovski Brigade.

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Jewish women and children removed forcibly from a bunker

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Jewish women and children removed forcibly from a bunker

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When Pinkus Kartin and a few others were arrested, that led to the crumple of the communist resistance bloc. Since then, the organization and everything it has done have stopped. It was officially dispersed in June 1942.

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Pinkus Kartin was the leader of the anti-fascist block, a Polish Jewish organization. Pinkus Kartin was also an officer in the Spanish Civil War in the Dombrovski brigade. His underground name was Andrzej Szmidt. In 1941, Pinkus Kartin was chosen among many to go through Poland with the 'enterprise group' to lead the underground communist party. During this time, his group parachuted into the Warsaw area at the end of 1941, shortly after he joined the Warsaw ghetto.

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Pinkus Kartin led the anti-fascist group for a while until he was arrested and later killed. Pinkus Kartin and two of his other friends, part of the Polish worker party (ppr), were arrested. This was important because this was near the end of the group and their practices because without Pinkus Kartin, they discontinued what they usually did. After he was arrested, he was killed in Warsaw by the Germans in Pawiak prison on May 20, 1942, the same day he was arrested.

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After Pinkus Kartin died, he was still honored to this day. He was awarded the Order of the Cross of Grunwald three years later, in 1945.

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The Warsaw ghetto uprising took place from April 19 to May 16, 1943, in Warsaw, Poland. Before this happened, more than 400,000 Jews were squeezed into a small area in Warsaw, around 1 square mile. By 1940, the Jewish ghetto was sealed off by brick walls, guards, and barbed wire, so there was no way to leave, and if attempted, you would be shot then and there. Disease and starvation killed thousands each month. In 1942, Jews were ordered to be moved to extermination camps but were told that they were just being sent to a work camp.

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On April 19, 1943, there were forces sent with tanks and heavy artillery to wind up the remaining people left in the Warsaw ghetto. Several hundred resistance fighters tried to fight off the Germans with small weapons but were outnumbered. The Germans demolished buildings and bunkers where Jews were hiding and captured or killed thousands of Jews. By May 16, Warsaw was under complete nazi control, and then the Germans blew up Warsaw's synagogue in a symbolic act. Around 7,000 Jews died in the Warsaw ghetto uprising events. The other 50,000 who survived were sent to camps.