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In this extract, the tone is cold, rational, and very meaningful, which makes O'Brien's calm delivery of such horrific concepts becomes all more disturbing. By presenting the idea of the full destruction of independent thought, Orwell exposes a system that seeks absolute emotional obedience rather than comfortable external acceptance. Orwell represents ideological hate disguised as logic and progress through O'Brien, who serves as a representation of the Party's terrifying authority. A number of literary devices highlight this point. The juxtaposition between traditional enemies and the Party's modern strategies shows how control has changed from using physical punishment to psychological control. Winston loses his humanity and distinction when he is reduced to a simple flaw by the metaphor "flaw in the pattern." The Party claims that obedience must be voluntary, yet this referred to as "free will" is obtained through force and torture, making the use of irony even odder. All things considered, this extract effectively expresses Orwell's terrifying picture of a totalitarian government that seeks to eliminate not just opposition but also the ability to think for yourself. O'Brien's speech demonstrates how true control comes from controlling not only the body but also the soul, and how every aspect of a person's identity can be changed under such imprisonment.

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Left image: “Erasure of Independent Thought” A hand is wiping a person’s head like cleaning a board. This shows how the Party erases people’s thoughts so they can’t think for themselves.

Middle image: “Loss of Identity”

A person without a face stands in a crowd of people who all look the same. This represents how everyone loses their individuality under the Party's control.

Right image: “Visualizing Comparison Before O’Brien”

Two people are being punished:

One is a heretic burned at the stake in the past. The other is a modern man smiling before his execution. This shows how old punishments were painful, but people still believed in their ideas, today, the Party makes sure people love it before they die.

Caption: “No longer rebels, just perfect, empty minds.” The Party doesn't just punish rebels, it turns them into loyal followers with no thoughts of their own.

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Reflection :

O'Brien says, “We make the brain perfect before we blow it out.”

Do you think this level of control over the human mind is possible? If so, how might it show up in our world today?

Poll:

For you which is more terrifying?

1. Physical torture

2. Mental reprogramming

3. Total erasure of free will

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Theme : Totalitarian Control of the Mind

Orwell illustrates a shift from punishing thought to owning it. O’Brien’s insistence on inner conversion shows a regime that goes beyond fear, it demands belief, even if that belief is made.

Device: Irony

The idea of “free will” is corrupted. Surrender “must be voluntary,” but is forced. Orwell uses this irony to expose how language can twist truth.

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Why was Ampleforth punished by the Party and sent to prison?

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For speaking badly about the Party behind its back

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For making a revelation against the Party.

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In this part of the story, the feeling is sad and hopeless. Ampleforth, a quiet man, was put in prison just for keeping the word "God" in a poem because it rhymed with "rod." He doesn’t seem bad or dangerous, just confused. This shows how the government controls everything, even small things, and punishes people for no real reason. People are treated like they are not important. The writer uses irony because it’s crazy that someone can get in trouble for such a small thing. The word "God" becomes a symbol of lost freedom.

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Ampleforth, a poet, is put in prison for leaving the word “God” in a poem. The scene shows the fear and confusion people feel under a cruel system that punishes even small mistakes.

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Which moment shows more how fear dehumanizes individuals?

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In this extract from 1984, the tone is deeply desperate and dehumanized, showing a man completely broken by fear. His reaction to hearing “Room 101” is so extreme that he falls to his knees, begs, and offers any confession imaginable just to avoid going there. When he cries out, “Do anything to me… but not Room 101!”, it reveals a terror so intense that it overrides even his love for his family—he says he has a wife and three children, and yet he is willing to give them up, even watch them die, rather than face what awaits him in that room. This shows a character who has lost all sense of humanity, forced by torture to betray his most sacred bonds. Orwell uses the repetition of “Room 101” to turn it into a symbol of ultimate fear, and through this, he explores the central theme of total control, it’s not enough to punish the body because the regime wants to destroy the soul. There is also strong irony in how the Party’s loyalty is achieved through terror This moment reflects how a totalitarian system can turn a human being into a tool with no will, willing to do anything just to avoid going to room 101

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I chose this extract because it captures the psychological anxiety of Orwell's the near future.  In contrast to earlier governments, the 1984 Party aims to eliminate the very possibility of opposition instead of punishing it.  The Party must "make the brain perfect" before destroying the body, according to O'Brien's terrifying speech outlining this aim.

The extract is significant because it uses an independent, logical tone to argue for cruel behavior. O'Brien's language is clinical, he describes transforming and shaping minds as if doing some type of harmless surgery, masking authoritarian violence as growth. The contrast between the Party's recent victims and past rebels demonstrates how oppression develops from exterior punishment to inside control. One of the main themes of the book (psychological control and the eradication of individuality) is effectively presented in this paragraph. It demonstrates how Orwell's vision goes above political criticism to serve as an important lesson about the manipulation of language, truth, and thought. Orwell highlights the awful nature of authoritarian control by pointing out the Party's failure to tolerate even a "secret" or "powerless" error.

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In the presented extract it is seen that Winston is at prision for commiting thought crime and tell us that Winston has alredy learned how to act in order to not be punished. His basic need for food and constant punishment illustrates the control the Party have on the individuals. The tone is an oppresive and confined one to manifest the environment which Winston had around him. Orwell conveys Winstons suffering and also the control of the Party by the use of physical detail and a very descriptive narrative. The themes that take place in this extract are surveillance and fear which is represented by the use of telescreens and how certain activities are punished by the Party, moreover, deshumanization is also visible as the prisoners are left to be hungry for a long period of time. The character viewed in this extract is the protagonist Winston Smith which he is punished physically and psychologically as a reaction of fear towards the orders given by the Party and the fact they don’t eat. There are visibles repetitions as to the actions of Winston, for example, the way they remarked how he sat many times “He sat still again” (Orwell, 1949). Furthermore, there are some symbols as the telescreens represent Big Brother’s surveillance and the bread the deshumanization of prisoners as they are prohibited from their basic human needs.

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I chose this part because it is the best example of how the Party controls even the smallest things, like the use of a single word in a poem. Ampleforth is arrested just for using the word “God,” which clearly shows the theme of state control,people are not free to think or speak on their own. The punishment he receives is extremely exaggerated for something so minor, which highlights how harsh and unfair the system is. He doesn’t even know exactly why he is in trouble, showing how the Party uses confusion and fear to control people's minds. He also has no choice in what words to use, showing the loss of freedom. This part of 1984 clearly shows how the government takes away people’s ability to think and act for themselves.

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Which of the following is the most dehumanizing in the extract:

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I chose this extract because it's really shock to see how far fear can go. The man begging in this scene is so desperate that he’s willing to betray his wife and children just to avoid going into “Room 101.” I found it powerful because it shows that the Party doesn’t just punish people but also it destroys the most human parts of them love and loyalty. This scene clearly reflects some of the biggest themes, like total state control, where the Party doesn’t just want obedience they wants to control your mind how you think and feel. It also shows psychological manipulation, because they get inside your mind until you don’t even know who you are anymore. In the end this leads to loss of personal autonomy, where the individuals no longer acts by choice, but out of pure survival. I chose this extract because I think it captures the saddest and most powerful part of 1984, how a totalitarian government can destroy a person from the inside. It made me think about how fragile freedom can be if we let fear take over, and how important it is to protect what makes us human

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Symbol: The word “God” is a symbol of forbidden belief. The Party punishes Ampleforth for using it, showing that they want to erase all other powers and control what people think and say.

Theme: the extract shows totalitarian control, as Ampleforth is jailed for using the word “God,” proving the Party punishes even simple thoughts.

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Irony

The idea that the man is willing to betray his own wife and children because of fear. The Party claims to value loyalty and truth but they achieve it by completely breaking people bonds. This shows how twisted and cruel their version of loyalty really is.

Theme

Psychological control through fear

Orwell demonstrates how intense fear can destroy identity, morality and even love. The Party doesn't just punish the body rather, it breaks the mind turning people into instruments of their own oppression.

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Repetition: There are visibles repetitions as to the actions of Winston, for example, the way they remarked how he sat many times “He sat still again” (1984). Orwell uses repetition to create rhythm and make the actions of the characters more remarkable and impactful.

Theme: The theme that take place in this extract is surveillance and fear which is represented by the use of telescreens and how certain activities are punished by the Party which makes the individuals live in constant fear through their whole lives.

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This extract was selected given that it summarizes the majority of the themes presented in 1984 in such a small part and shows the deshumanization of the individual, the oppression and surveillance of the individual how far the authoritarian control can go. Moreover, it highlights the use of symbolism and description throughout the extract provoking emotional destination to the readers making them reflect how control is perceived into each individuals life, specially in Winston’s life. Moreover, it also is a representation of governments that exists already in the real world so it could also be seen as a real life criticism which is interpreted by the use of literary devices and representations along the whole reading.

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This image shows the fear and desperation of a man begging not to be sent to “Room 101.” On his knees and with his hands clasped, his face is twisted in terror, he’s willing to do anything to avoid it, even betray his own family. The officer stands cold and unmoved, showing the Party’s complete emotional detachment. In the background, another prisoner watches silently as if fear has become normal. The open door marked “ROOM 101” hangs like a silent threat, symbolizing the psychological torture that breaks even the deepest human values and morals