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The French and British both claim that the upper valley of Ohio was their own territory leading to incidents which ultimately caused the start of conflict. Both nations built and assembled forts in the region assembling their army and each trying to capture one another's forts. These skirmishes and attacks to one another led to the escalation of a full scaled war between Great Britain and France.

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In 1754, Major George Washington led 300 soldiers towards the fort ambushing a campsite of Frenchmen, instead of proceeding their attack they built an opposing fort, Fort Necessity. The Fort Lasted 3 months before French and aboriginal soldiers attacked resulting in Washington to flee and the destruction of the Fort.

Another attempt to capture the Fort in June 1755 was called 'Braddock's defeat'. Led by George Washington and General Edward Braddock 1400 soldiers were led to a massacre and another defeat. Unfamiliar with American Warfare and terrain, 900 French and Native Americans were able to defeat the British having little casualties.

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1755, British Troops laid a siege on Fort Beausejour located on the Missaguash River. The poor condition of the Fort was unable to defend against the bombardment of the British force. Several days after the siege began with no reinforcements and several deaths in the fort, the French and aboriginal confiding in the fort surrendered to the British. Once the British took over the fort it was renamed Fort Cumberland.

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1757, French General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm led a force of 8 000 French Troops, Native and Canadian Allies on the advance through land and water to Fort William Henry. British Lieutenant Colonel George Monro who was in command of the fort rejected Montcalm's offer of surrender and when he was denied reinforcements the siege of Fort William Henry started. The siege lasted for almost a week before the forts walls were breached, their guns overused and heavy casualties on the British side leading to Monro's surrender and defeat early August of that year.

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One of the most significant events of the Seven Years' War was the British defeat at Louisbourg in 1758, which paved the way for France's eventual conquering of North America. The ruler of Île-Royale (New France), Chevalier de Drucour, commanded the French forces and the Mi'kmaq (an indigenous group) were allies of the French. Notable British commanders like Jeffrey Amherst and James Wolfe oversaw the British army. Wolfe's troops secured a beachhead at FreshWater Cove (Kennington Cove) and then captured Lighthouse Point, which controlled the port entrance, as the British forces laid siege to Louisbourg. On July 26, 1758, following an extended period of siege and bombardment, the French forces withdrew.

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The Siege of Quebec occurred in 1759. Through the leadership of General James Wolfe, British soldiers climbed the cliffs that defended and surrounded the city. The City was protected by the French Army and Indigenous warriors and soldiers under the command of Louis-Joseph de Montcalm's. Both armies met on the Plains of Abraham and their battle lasted only a few moments before the British overcame the French-Indigenous army. Both commanders were killed during their battle, which ultimately led to the surrender of the French. The French evacuated the city and planned to return, and reclaim the city but it was abandoned after the loss of France in the war and the Treaty Of Paris being signed.

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Death of James Wolfe and Louise-Joseph de Montcalm

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Death of James Wolfe and Louise-Joseph de Montcalm

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A pivotal moment in the history of New France and what would later become Canada occurred with the deaths of James Wolfe and Louis Joseph de Montcalm in 1759. With the aid of Indigenous allies. The British triumph at Quebec eventually resulted in the French being defeated and the establishment of British rule in North America.Under the command of General James Wolfe, the British forces ascended the cliffs that preceded Quebec City. When they overcame Louis-Joseph de Montcalm's French army on the Plains of Abraham, their audacious strategy paid off. Wolfe was shot and died moments before the French started to withdraw. During the Battle of the Rhine, Montcalm was hit by a musket bullet right below his ribs; he died the following day.

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Articles of Capitulation of Quebec - 1756

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Articles of Capitulation of Quebec - 1756

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The Articles of Capitulation were demands made by Jean-Baptiste Nicolos Roch De Ramezey. Signed on September 18, 1756, the Bristish granted all 11 demands, ensuring the protection of civilians, their properties, and the free practice of the Roman Catholic Church.

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After Quebec City fell in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham in 1759, New France was left in a terrible position. Despite winning the Battle of Sainte-Foy, the French got stuck in Montreal by the British. In order to avoid further casualties, Governor Pierre-Rigaud de Vaudreuil made the decision to surrender, despite the determination of French leader François-Gaston de Lévis to carry on fighting. The French ruled New France came to an end on September 8, 1760, when Montreal surrendered to the British, giving Great Britain complete authority over the territory. A few Native American tribes sided with the British, including the Iroquois Confederacy.

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The French military gave up to the British during the Seven Years' War following the capture of Montreal, France's final major stronghold in Canada, on September 8, 1760. Smaller skirmishes happened during this time, but the larger conflict ended with Montreal's loss. The formal conclusion of the war came with the signing of the Treaty of Paris.

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With the signing of the Treaty of Paris on February 10, 1763, France gave up its rule to North America to Great Britain and Spain, bringing an end to the Seven Years' War. In exchange for Spain gaining the Louisiana Territory and Cuba, France gave Canada, the areas east of the Mississippi River, and Florida to Britain. Looking back, the Treaty of Paris served as a model for future wars like the American Revolution.

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Issued By King George III in October 7,1763. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was a key foundation which helped the British be able to govern North American Territories that were newly acquired from the French after the seven year war and the Treaty of paris. Introduced policies which included things such as the heavy assimilation of French rules and procedures into British rule and policy, but also set policies that contributed significantly in the creation and negotiation of Treaties that would later on be implemented between the Indigenous peoples and the British.

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On September 13, 1759, The battle of the Plains of Abraham took place. The Mi'kmaq, Wolastoqiyik (Maliseet), Abenaki, and Huron were among the Indigenous people who fought as allies with the French armies. Up to 1,000 Indigenous warriors are thought to have taken part in the fight, and they were heavily involved. On the Plains of Abraham, immediately outside the walls of Quebec City, General James Wolfe's British forces unexpectedly attacked General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm's French soldiers. The French and Indigenous forces were decisively defeated by the British troops thanks to their superior numbers and weapons. During the fight, Wolfe and Montcalm suffered fatal injuries. Shortly after the fight, Wolfe passed away, and Montcalm died the day after.