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This stage is very focussed on the individual animal clinical skills and misses the role FA veterinarians play in production systems

Possible additions include "will continue to refine their clinical and production skills...."

"....when implementing disease diagnosis, monitoring and prevention protocols"

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This seems like it is more application of prior knowledge. In which case, this seems out of place "All students will have a basic understanding of pillars of food safety in regard to OneHealth, animal welfare, and antimicrobial stewardship." Also not easily assessed. Should they be applying this vs learning it and can this be more action oriented? The final sentence is also both very broad (emergency needs) and very narrow (advanced anesthesia). Isn't advanced anesthesia application too? Consider having the first part be practice knowledge and advance skills and application in medicine, surgery, and anesthesia

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Communication isn't mentioned in any of the stages but effective communication skills are vital for most veterinarians. Students must be able to practice skills as well as communicate their reasoning for their diagnostic/therapeutic plans to their clients in both routine situations as well as complex ones.

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Not all antimicrobial stewardship is linked to food safety. Maybe broaden this statement?

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Current: "of food safety in regard to OneHealth, animal welfare, and antimicrobial stewardship." Consider: "of One Health, food safety, animal welfare and antimicrobial stewardship."

Current: "zoonotic" Consider: "population and public health"

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Should we use some simpler terms (less jargon)...instead of epidemiologic concepts...population health

They will consider population health and and zoonotic concepts when implementing disease diagnosis and disease prevention protocols

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Consider: "They will consider population health and and zoonotic concepts when implementing disease diagnosis, monitoring, and disease prevention, control and elimination protocols."

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Looking at PRV definition, I would expect a large component at stage 3, and "clinical year ish" ideation is to be able to communicate effectively to the clients/public in understandable and culturally respectful/appropriate ways

Consider adding a phrase here or in PRV to state: + and also in accordance with the veterinary oath.+

Like contextualize care use here.

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For Stage 3 competencies, "recognizes and responds to critical and emergency care needs", I'm unclear what the word "critical/critical care" is meant to convey and how it differs from "emergency care". Cases presenting as emergencies may range in stability from stable to critical. Also, "critical care" is part of the name of the specialty (ACVECC) and typically refers to ICU patient care, which is not part of general veterinary student training. Perhaps rephrase to "recognizes and responds to emergency patient situations" or "identifies need for and provides emergency care".

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Brian Sick (Co Director Center for Interprofessional Health)

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Brian Sick (Co Director Center for Interprofessional Health)

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It would be good to bring in connections with human medicine - antimicrobial stewardship (beyond food safety), disease transmission between humans and animals, the animal-human bond, and disaster medicine where all healthcare providers are needed - and emphasize the need for teams of providers which cross professions including into partnerships with human medicine.

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I love that "contextualized care" is mentioned. Could expand clinical skills refinement to include relationship-centered and goal-oriented client and public communication. In other words, learners should be able to ask about a client's goals, preferences for, and barriers to care, and communicate/deliver a care plan that meets those goals while simultaneously meeting the patient's health/welfare needs. (Addresses Access to Veterinary Care and Spectrum of Care competencies)

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I will echo the need to emphasize the development of effective communication (with staff, clients, colleagues, etc.) as one of the most important skills any practicing veterinarian can possess. I could envision the wording and focus on communication being strengthened in all three stages as it does support the skills listed in all three stages (reminds me of the folks who say they chose vet med instead of human medicine because they like animals more than people....problem of course is that most animals have people who make the decisions and pay the bills).

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"Basic understanding of pillars of food safety in regard to OneHealth, animal welfare, and antimicrobial stewardship" seems out of place. I would assume "basic understanding" of these concepts would be part of stage 1, since they were mentioned there and will be integral to stage 1 and stage 2 training. In stage 3, I would expect that they are integrating these considerations into their therapeutic plans/protocols.

I think the ER/critical care sentence could be reworded to emphasize the "recognition of critically ill patients and application of basic stabilization techniques" -- basically, when/how to triage a patient

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"advanced anesthesia monitoring"

just monitoring does not imply appropriate administration or patient support which can be more critical in these cases i'd propose "advanced anesthesia maintenance, monitoring, and support"